navi

<img width="610" height="108" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bc1f7534-f282-44f0-bb58-e385b2bf82af"
/>

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Use Node.js 18
+    - name: Use Node.js 20
       uses: actions/setup-node@v4
       with:
-        node-version: '18'
+        node-version: '20'
         cache: 'npm'
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: npm ci
@@ -28,15 +28,14 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-15, windows-latest]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Use Node.js 18
+    - name: Use Node.js 20
       uses: actions/setup-node@v4
       with:
-        # https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/issues/344
-        node-version: '18.19'
+        node-version: '20'
         cache: 'npm'
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: npm ci
@@ -55,10 +54,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Use Node.js 18
+    - name: Use Node.js 20
       uses: actions/setup-node@v4
       with:
-        node-version: '18'
+        node-version: '20'
         cache: 'npm'
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: npm ci
@@ -83,3 +82,42 @@ jobs:
         npm run test -- --project=chromium-docker
       env:
         MCP_IN_DOCKER: 1
+
+  test_extension:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./extension
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: Use Node.js 20
+      uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+      with:
+        node-version: '20' # crypto.randomUUID(); stalls in v18.20.8
+        cache: 'npm'
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: npm ci
+    - name: Build extension
+      run: npm run build
+    - name: Upload artifact
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: extension
+        path: ./extension/dist
+        retention-days: 7
+    - name: Install and build MCP server
+      run: |
+        cd ..
+        npm ci
+        npm run build
+        npx playwright install chromium
+    - name: Run tests
+      run: |
+        if [[ "$(uname)" == "Linux" ]]; then
+          xvfb-run --auto-servernum --server-args="-screen 0 1280x960x24" -- npm run test
+        else
+          npm run test
+        fi
+      shell: bash

.github/workflows/copilot-setup-steps.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+name: "Copilot Setup Steps"
+
+# Automatically run the setup steps when they are changed to allow for easy validation, and
+# allow manual testing through the repository's "Actions" tab
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - .github/workflows/copilot-setup-steps.yml
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - .github/workflows/copilot-setup-steps.yml
+
+jobs:
+  # The job MUST be called `copilot-setup-steps` or it will not be picked up by Copilot.
+  copilot-setup-steps:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    # Set the permissions to the lowest permissions possible needed for your steps.
+    # Copilot will be given its own token for its operations.
+    permissions:
+      # If you want to clone the repository as part of your setup steps, for example to install dependencies, you'll need the `contents: read` permission. If you don't clone the repository in your setup steps, Copilot will do this for you automatically after the steps complete.
+      contents: read
+
+    # You can define any steps you want, and they will run before the agent starts.
+    # If you do not check out your code, Copilot will do this for you.
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "18.19"
+          cache: "npm"
+
+      - name: Install JavaScript dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Playwright install
+        run: npx playwright install --with-deps
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: npm run build

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Login to ACR
         run: az acr login --name playwright
       - name: Build and push Docker image
+        id: build-push
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           context: .
@@ -53,3 +54,45 @@ jobs:
           tags: |
             playwright.azurecr.io/public/playwright/mcp:${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
             playwright.azurecr.io/public/playwright/mcp:latest
+      - uses: oras-project/setup-oras@v1
+      - name: Set oras tags
+        run: |
+          attach_eol_manifest() {
+            local image="$1"
+            local today=$(date -u +'%Y-%m-%d')
+            # oras is re-using Docker credentials, so we don't need to login.
+            # Following the advice in https://portal.microsofticm.com/imp/v3/incidents/incident/476783820/summary
+            oras attach --artifact-type application/vnd.microsoft.artifact.lifecycle --annotation "vnd.microsoft.artifact.lifecycle.end-of-life.date=$today" $image
+          }
+          # for each tag, attach the eol manifest
+          for tag in $(echo ${{ steps.build-push.outputs.metadata['image.name'] }} | tr ',' '\n'); do
+            attach_eol_manifest $tag
+          done
+
+  package-extension:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # Needed to upload release assets
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          cache: 'npm'
+      - name: Install extension dependencies
+        working-directory: ./extension
+        run: npm ci
+      - name: Build extension
+        working-directory: ./extension
+        run: npm run build
+      - name: Package extension
+        working-directory: ./extension
+        run: |
+          cd dist
+          zip -r ../playwright-mcp-extension-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.zip .
+          cd ..
+      - name: Upload extension to release
+        env:
+           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: |
+            gh release upload ${{github.event.release.tag_name}} ./extension/playwright-mcp-extension-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.zip

.gitignore

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 lib/
+dist/
 node_modules/
 test-results/
 playwright-report/
 .vscode/mcp.json
-
 .idea
 .DS_Store
+.env
+sessions/

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that provides browser automation capabilit
 
 ### Requirements
 - Node.js 18 or newer
-- VS Code, Cursor, Windsurf, Claude Desktop or any other MCP client
+- VS Code, Cursor, Windsurf, Claude Desktop, Goose or any other MCP client
 
 <!--
 // Generate using:
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ node utils/generate-links.js
 
 ### Getting started
 
-First, install the Playwright MCP server with your client. A typical configuration looks like this:
+First, install the Playwright MCP server with your client.
+
+**Standard config** works in most of the tools:
 
 ```js
 {
@@ -37,9 +39,123 @@ First, install the Playwright MCP server with your client. A typical configurati
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/VS_Code-VS_Code?style=flat-square&label=Install%20Server&color=0098FF" alt="Install in VS Code">](https://insiders.vscode.dev/redirect?url=vscode%3Amcp%2Finstall%3F%257B%2522name%2522%253A%2522playwright%2522%252C%2522command%2522%253A%2522npx%2522%252C%2522args%2522%253A%255B%2522%2540playwright%252Fmcp%2540latest%2522%255D%257D) [<img alt="Install in VS Code Insiders" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/VS_Code_Insiders-VS_Code_Insiders?style=flat-square&label=Install%20Server&color=24bfa5">](https://insiders.vscode.dev/redirect?url=vscode-insiders%3Amcp%2Finstall%3F%257B%2522name%2522%253A%2522playwright%2522%252C%2522command%2522%253A%2522npx%2522%252C%2522args%2522%253A%255B%2522%2540playwright%252Fmcp%2540latest%2522%255D%257D)
 
 
-<details><summary><b>Install in VS Code</b></summary>
+<details>
+<summary>Claude Code</summary>
 
-You can also install the Playwright MCP server using the VS Code CLI:
+Use the Claude Code CLI to add the Playwright MCP server:
+
+```bash
+claude mcp add playwright npx @playwright/mcp@latest
+```
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Claude Desktop</summary>
+
+Follow the MCP install [guide](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/quickstart/user), use the standard config above.
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Codex</summary>
+
+Create or edit the configuration file `~/.codex/config.toml` and add:
+
+```toml
+[mcp_servers.playwright]
+command = "npx"
+args = ["@playwright/mcp@latest"]
+```
+
+For more information, see the [Codex MCP documentation](https://github.com/openai/codex/blob/main/codex-rs/config.md#mcp_servers).
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Cursor</summary>
+
+#### Click the button to install:
+
+[![Install MCP Server](https://cursor.com/deeplink/mcp-install-dark.svg)](cursor://anysphere.cursor-deeplink/mcp/install?name=Playwright&config=eyJjb21tYW5kIjoibnB4IEBwbGF5d3JpZ2h0L21jcEBsYXRlc3QifQ%3D%3D)
+
+#### Or install manually:
+
+Go to `Cursor Settings` -> `MCP` -> `Add new MCP Server`. Name to your liking, use `command` type with the command `npx @playwright/mcp`. You can also verify config or add command like arguments via clicking `Edit`.
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Gemini CLI</summary>
+
+Follow the MCP install [guide](https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli/blob/main/docs/tools/mcp-server.md#configure-the-mcp-server-in-settingsjson), use the standard config above.
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Goose</summary>
+
+#### Click the button to install:
+
+[![Install in Goose](https://block.github.io/goose/img/extension-install-dark.svg)](https://block.github.io/goose/extension?cmd=npx&arg=%40playwright%2Fmcp%40latest&id=playwright&name=Playwright&description=Interact%20with%20web%20pages%20through%20structured%20accessibility%20snapshots%20using%20Playwright)
+
+#### Or install manually:
+
+Go to `Advanced settings` -> `Extensions` -> `Add custom extension`. Name to your liking, use type `STDIO`, and set the `command` to `npx @playwright/mcp`. Click "Add Extension".
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>LM Studio</summary>
+
+#### Click the button to install:
+
+[![Add MCP Server playwright to LM Studio](https://files.lmstudio.ai/deeplink/mcp-install-light.svg)](https://lmstudio.ai/install-mcp?name=playwright&config=eyJjb21tYW5kIjoibnB4IiwiYXJncyI6WyJAcGxheXdyaWdodC9tY3BAbGF0ZXN0Il19)
+
+#### Or install manually:
+
+Go to `Program` in the right sidebar -> `Install` -> `Edit mcp.json`. Use the standard config above.
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>opencode</summary>
+
+Follow the MCP Servers [documentation](https://opencode.ai/docs/mcp-servers/). For example in `~/.config/opencode/opencode.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "$schema": "https://opencode.ai/config.json",
+  "mcp": {
+    "playwright": {
+      "type": "local",
+      "command": [
+        "npx",
+        "@playwright/mcp@latest"
+      ],
+      "enabled": true
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+```
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Qodo Gen</summary>
+
+Open [Qodo Gen](https://docs.qodo.ai/qodo-documentation/qodo-gen) chat panel in VSCode or IntelliJ → Connect more tools → + Add new MCP → Paste the standard config above.
+
+Click <code>Save</code>.
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>VS Code</summary>
+
+#### Click the button to install:
+
+[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/VS_Code-VS_Code?style=flat-square&label=Install%20Server&color=0098FF" alt="Install in VS Code">](https://insiders.vscode.dev/redirect?url=vscode%3Amcp%2Finstall%3F%257B%2522name%2522%253A%2522playwright%2522%252C%2522command%2522%253A%2522npx%2522%252C%2522args%2522%253A%255B%2522%2540playwright%252Fmcp%2540latest%2522%255D%257D) [<img alt="Install in VS Code Insiders" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/VS_Code_Insiders-VS_Code_Insiders?style=flat-square&label=Install%20Server&color=24bfa5">](https://insiders.vscode.dev/redirect?url=vscode-insiders%3Amcp%2Finstall%3F%257B%2522name%2522%253A%2522playwright%2522%252C%2522command%2522%253A%2522npx%2522%252C%2522args%2522%253A%255B%2522%2540playwright%252Fmcp%2540latest%2522%255D%257D)
+
+#### Or install manually:
+
+Follow the MCP install [guide](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/copilot/chat/mcp-servers#_add-an-mcp-server), use the standard config above. You can also install the Playwright MCP server using the VS Code CLI:
 
 ```bash
 # For VS Code
@@ -50,60 +166,10 @@ After installation, the Playwright MCP server will be available for use with you
 </details>
 
 <details>
-<summary><b>Install in Cursor</b></summary>
+<summary>Windsurf</summary>
 
-Go to `Cursor Settings` -> `MCP` -> `Add new MCP Server`. Name to your liking, use `command` type with the command `npx @playwright/mcp`. You can also verify config or add command like arguments via clicking `Edit`.
+Follow Windsurf MCP [documentation](https://docs.windsurf.com/windsurf/cascade/mcp). Use the standard config above.
 
-```js
-{
-  "mcpServers": {
-    "playwright": {
-      "command": "npx",
-      "args": [
-        "@playwright/mcp@latest"
-      ]
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Install in Windsurf</b></summary>
-
-Follow Windsuff MCP [documentation](https://docs.windsurf.com/windsurf/cascade/mcp). Use following configuration:
-
-```js
-{
-  "mcpServers": {
-    "playwright": {
-      "command": "npx",
-      "args": [
-        "@playwright/mcp@latest"
-      ]
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Install in Claude Desktop</b></summary>
-
-Follow the MCP install [guide](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/quickstart/user), use following configuration:
-
-```js
-{
-  "mcpServers": {
-    "playwright": {
-      "command": "npx",
-      "args": [
-        "@playwright/mcp@latest"
-      ]
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
 </details>
 
 ### Configuration
@@ -124,20 +190,23 @@ Playwright MCP server supports following arguments. They can be provided in the
   --block-service-workers      block service workers
   --browser <browser>          browser or chrome channel to use, possible
                                values: chrome, firefox, webkit, msedge.
-  --caps <caps>                comma-separated list of capabilities to enable,
-                               possible values: tabs, pdf, history, wait, files,
-                               install. Default is all.
+  --caps <caps>                comma-separated list of additional capabilities
+                               to enable, possible values: vision, pdf.
   --cdp-endpoint <endpoint>    CDP endpoint to connect to.
   --config <path>              path to the configuration file.
   --device <device>            device to emulate, for example: "iPhone 15"
   --executable-path <path>     path to the browser executable.
+  --extension                  Connect to a running browser instance
+                               (Edge/Chrome only). Requires the "Playwright MCP
+                               Bridge" browser extension to be installed.
   --headless                   run browser in headless mode, headed by default
   --host <host>                host to bind server to. Default is localhost. Use
                                0.0.0.0 to bind to all interfaces.
   --ignore-https-errors        ignore https errors
   --isolated                   keep the browser profile in memory, do not save
                                it to disk.
-  --no-image-responses         do not send image responses to the client.
+  --image-responses <mode>     whether to send image responses to the client.
+                               Can be "allow" or "omit", Defaults to "allow".
   --no-sandbox                 disable the sandbox for all process types that
                                are normally sandboxed.
   --output-dir <path>          path to the directory for output files.
@@ -146,6 +215,10 @@ Playwright MCP server supports following arguments. They can be provided in the
                                example ".com,chromium.org,.domain.com"
   --proxy-server <proxy>       specify proxy server, for example
                                "http://myproxy:3128" or "socks5://myproxy:8080"
+  --save-session               Whether to save the Playwright MCP session into
+                               the output directory.
+  --save-trace                 Whether to save the Playwright Trace of the
+                               session into the output directory.
   --storage-state <path>       path to the storage state file for isolated
                                sessions.
   --user-agent <ua string>     specify user agent string
@@ -153,15 +226,13 @@ Playwright MCP server supports following arguments. They can be provided in the
                                specified, a temporary directory will be created.
   --viewport-size <size>       specify browser viewport size in pixels, for
                                example "1280, 720"
-  --vision                     Run server that uses screenshots (Aria snapshots
-                               are used by default)
 ```
 
 <!--- End of options generated section -->
 
 ### User profile
 
-You can run Playwright MCP with persistent profile like a regular browser (default), or in the isolated contexts for the testing sessions.
+You can run Playwright MCP with persistent profile like a regular browser (default), in isolated contexts for testing sessions, or connect to your existing browser using the browser extension.
 
 **Persistent profile**
 
@@ -194,13 +265,17 @@ state [here](https://playwright.dev/docs/auth).
       "args": [
         "@playwright/mcp@latest",
         "--isolated",
-        "--storage-state={path/to/storage.json}
+        "--storage-state={path/to/storage.json}"
       ]
     }
   }
 }
 ```
 
+**Browser Extension**
+
+The Playwright MCP Chrome Extension allows you to connect to existing browser tabs and leverage your logged-in sessions and browser state. See [extension/README.md](extension/README.md) for installation and setup instructions.
+
 ### Configuration file
 
 The Playwright MCP server can be configured using a JSON configuration file. You can specify the configuration file
@@ -255,21 +330,14 @@ npx @playwright/mcp@latest --config path/to/config.json
     host?: string;  // Host to bind to (default: localhost)
   },
 
-  // List of enabled capabilities
+  // List of additional capabilities
   capabilities?: Array<
-    'core' |    // Core browser automation
     'tabs' |    // Tab management
-    'pdf' |     // PDF generation
-    'history' | // Browser history
-    'wait' |    // Wait utilities
-    'files' |   // File handling
     'install' | // Browser installation
-    'testing'   // Testing
+    'pdf' |     // PDF generation
+    'vision' |  // Coordinate-based interactions
   >;
 
-  // Enable vision mode (screenshots instead of accessibility snapshots)
-  vision?: boolean;
-
   // Directory for output files
   outputDir?: string;
 
@@ -283,9 +351,10 @@ npx @playwright/mcp@latest --config path/to/config.json
   };
  
   /**
-   * Do not send image responses to the client.
+   * Whether to send image responses to the client. Can be "allow" or "omit". 
+   * Defaults to "allow".
    */
-  noImageResponses?: boolean;
+  imageResponses?: 'allow' | 'omit';
 }
 ```
 </details>
@@ -293,19 +362,19 @@ npx @playwright/mcp@latest --config path/to/config.json
 ### Standalone MCP server
 
 When running headed browser on system w/o display or from worker processes of the IDEs,
-run the MCP server from environment with the DISPLAY and pass the `--port` flag to enable SSE transport.
+run the MCP server from environment with the DISPLAY and pass the `--port` flag to enable HTTP transport.
 
 ```bash
 npx @playwright/mcp@latest --port 8931
 ```
 
-And then in MCP client config, set the `url` to the SSE endpoint:
+And then in MCP client config, set the `url` to the HTTP endpoint:
 
 ```js
 {
   "mcpServers": {
     "playwright": {
-      "url": "http://localhost:8931/sse"
+      "url": "http://localhost:8931/mcp"
     }
   }
 }
@@ -349,7 +418,7 @@ http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
   // Creates a headless Playwright MCP server with SSE transport
   const connection = await createConnection({ browser: { launchOptions: { headless: true } } });
   const transport = new SSEServerTransport('/messages', res);
-  await connection.connect(transport);
+  await connection.sever.connect(transport);
 
   // ...
 });
@@ -358,42 +427,10 @@ http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
 
 ### Tools
 
-The tools are available in two modes:
-
-1. **Snapshot Mode** (default): Uses accessibility snapshots for better performance and reliability
-2. **Vision Mode**: Uses screenshots for visual-based interactions
-
-To use Vision Mode, add the `--vision` flag when starting the server:
-
-```js
-{
-  "mcpServers": {
-    "playwright": {
-      "command": "npx",
-      "args": [
-        "@playwright/mcp@latest",
-        "--vision"
-      ]
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Vision Mode works best with the computer use models that are able to interact with elements using
-X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
-
 <!--- Tools generated by update-readme.js -->
 
 <details>
-<summary><b>Interactions</b></summary>
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_snapshot**
-  - Title: Page snapshot
-  - Description: Capture accessibility snapshot of the current page, this is better than screenshot
-  - Parameters: None
-  - Read-only: **true**
+<summary><b>Core automation</b></summary>
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
@@ -403,10 +440,28 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
   - Parameters:
     - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
     - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
+    - `doubleClick` (boolean, optional): Whether to perform a double click instead of a single click
+    - `button` (string, optional): Button to click, defaults to left
   - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
+- **browser_close**
+  - Title: Close browser
+  - Description: Close the page
+  - Parameters: None
+  - Read-only: **true**
+
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
+- **browser_console_messages**
+  - Title: Get console messages
+  - Description: Returns all console messages
+  - Parameters: None
+  - Read-only: **true**
+
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
 - **browser_drag**
   - Title: Drag mouse
   - Description: Perform drag and drop between two elements
@@ -419,60 +474,17 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_hover**
-  - Title: Hover mouse
-  - Description: Hover over element on page
+- **browser_evaluate**
+  - Title: Evaluate JavaScript
+  - Description: Evaluate JavaScript expression on page or element
   - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_type**
-  - Title: Type text
-  - Description: Type text into editable element
-  - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
-    - `text` (string): Text to type into the element
-    - `submit` (boolean, optional): Whether to submit entered text (press Enter after)
-    - `slowly` (boolean, optional): Whether to type one character at a time. Useful for triggering key handlers in the page. By default entire text is filled in at once.
+    - `function` (string): () => { /* code */ } or (element) => { /* code */ } when element is provided
+    - `element` (string, optional): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `ref` (string, optional): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
   - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_select_option**
-  - Title: Select option
-  - Description: Select an option in a dropdown
-  - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
-    - `values` (array): Array of values to select in the dropdown. This can be a single value or multiple values.
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_press_key**
-  - Title: Press a key
-  - Description: Press a key on the keyboard
-  - Parameters:
-    - `key` (string): Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as `ArrowLeft` or `a`
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_wait_for**
-  - Title: Wait for
-  - Description: Wait for text to appear or disappear or a specified time to pass
-  - Parameters:
-    - `time` (number, optional): The time to wait in seconds
-    - `text` (string, optional): The text to wait for
-    - `textGone` (string, optional): The text to wait for to disappear
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
 - **browser_file_upload**
   - Title: Upload files
   - Description: Upload one or multiple files
@@ -490,10 +502,15 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
     - `promptText` (string, optional): The text of the prompt in case of a prompt dialog.
   - Read-only: **false**
 
-</details>
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-<details>
-<summary><b>Navigation</b></summary>
+- **browser_hover**
+  - Title: Hover mouse
+  - Description: Hover over element on page
+  - Parameters:
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
+  - Read-only: **true**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
@@ -514,40 +531,6 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_navigate_forward**
-  - Title: Go forward
-  - Description: Go forward to the next page
-  - Parameters: None
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Resources</b></summary>
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_take_screenshot**
-  - Title: Take a screenshot
-  - Description: Take a screenshot of the current page. You can't perform actions based on the screenshot, use browser_snapshot for actions.
-  - Parameters:
-    - `raw` (boolean, optional): Whether to return without compression (in PNG format). Default is false, which returns a JPEG image.
-    - `filename` (string, optional): File name to save the screenshot to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.{png|jpeg}` if not specified.
-    - `element` (string, optional): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to screenshot the element. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If element is provided, ref must be provided too.
-    - `ref` (string, optional): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If ref is provided, element must be provided too.
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_pdf_save**
-  - Title: Save as PDF
-  - Description: Save page as PDF
-  - Parameters:
-    - `filename` (string, optional): File name to save the pdf to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.pdf` if not specified.
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
 - **browser_network_requests**
   - Title: List network requests
   - Description: Returns all network requests since loading the page
@@ -556,35 +539,15 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_console_messages**
-  - Title: Get console messages
-  - Description: Returns all console messages
-  - Parameters: None
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Utilities</b></summary>
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_install**
-  - Title: Install the browser specified in the config
-  - Description: Install the browser specified in the config. Call this if you get an error about the browser not being installed.
-  - Parameters: None
+- **browser_press_key**
+  - Title: Press a key
+  - Description: Press a key on the keyboard
+  - Parameters:
+    - `key` (string): Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as `ArrowLeft` or `a`
   - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_close**
-  - Title: Close browser
-  - Description: Close the page
-  - Parameters: None
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
 - **browser_resize**
   - Title: Resize browser window
   - Description: Resize the browser window
@@ -593,127 +556,49 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
     - `height` (number): Height of the browser window
   - Read-only: **true**
 
-</details>
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-<details>
-<summary><b>Tabs</b></summary>
+- **browser_select_option**
+  - Title: Select option
+  - Description: Select an option in a dropdown
+  - Parameters:
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
+    - `values` (array): Array of values to select in the dropdown. This can be a single value or multiple values.
+  - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_tab_list**
-  - Title: List tabs
-  - Description: List browser tabs
+- **browser_snapshot**
+  - Title: Page snapshot
+  - Description: Capture accessibility snapshot of the current page, this is better than screenshot
   - Parameters: None
   - Read-only: **true**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_tab_new**
-  - Title: Open a new tab
-  - Description: Open a new tab
-  - Parameters:
-    - `url` (string, optional): The URL to navigate to in the new tab. If not provided, the new tab will be blank.
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_tab_select**
-  - Title: Select a tab
-  - Description: Select a tab by index
-  - Parameters:
-    - `index` (number): The index of the tab to select
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_tab_close**
-  - Title: Close a tab
-  - Description: Close a tab
-  - Parameters:
-    - `index` (number, optional): The index of the tab to close. Closes current tab if not provided.
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Testing</b></summary>
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_generate_playwright_test**
-  - Title: Generate a Playwright test
-  - Description: Generate a Playwright test for given scenario
-  - Parameters:
-    - `name` (string): The name of the test
-    - `description` (string): The description of the test
-    - `steps` (array): The steps of the test
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>Vision mode</b></summary>
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_screen_capture**
+- **browser_take_screenshot**
   - Title: Take a screenshot
-  - Description: Take a screenshot of the current page
-  - Parameters: None
+  - Description: Take a screenshot of the current page. You can't perform actions based on the screenshot, use browser_snapshot for actions.
+  - Parameters:
+    - `type` (string, optional): Image format for the screenshot. Default is png.
+    - `filename` (string, optional): File name to save the screenshot to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.{png|jpeg}` if not specified.
+    - `element` (string, optional): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to screenshot the element. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If element is provided, ref must be provided too.
+    - `ref` (string, optional): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If ref is provided, element must be provided too.
+    - `fullPage` (boolean, optional): When true, takes a screenshot of the full scrollable page, instead of the currently visible viewport. Cannot be used with element screenshots.
   - Read-only: **true**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_screen_move_mouse**
-  - Title: Move mouse
-  - Description: Move mouse to a given position
-  - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `x` (number): X coordinate
-    - `y` (number): Y coordinate
-  - Read-only: **true**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_screen_click**
-  - Title: Click
-  - Description: Click left mouse button
-  - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `x` (number): X coordinate
-    - `y` (number): Y coordinate
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_screen_drag**
-  - Title: Drag mouse
-  - Description: Drag left mouse button
-  - Parameters:
-    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
-    - `startX` (number): Start X coordinate
-    - `startY` (number): Start Y coordinate
-    - `endX` (number): End X coordinate
-    - `endY` (number): End Y coordinate
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_screen_type**
+- **browser_type**
   - Title: Type text
-  - Description: Type text
+  - Description: Type text into editable element
   - Parameters:
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `ref` (string): Exact target element reference from the page snapshot
     - `text` (string): Text to type into the element
     - `submit` (boolean, optional): Whether to submit entered text (press Enter after)
-  - Read-only: **false**
-
-<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
-
-- **browser_press_key**
-  - Title: Press a key
-  - Description: Press a key on the keyboard
-  - Parameters:
-    - `key` (string): Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as `ArrowLeft` or `a`
+    - `slowly` (boolean, optional): Whether to type one character at a time. Useful for triggering key handlers in the page. By default entire text is filled in at once.
   - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
@@ -727,25 +612,88 @@ X Y coordinate space, based on the provided screenshot.
     - `textGone` (string, optional): The text to wait for to disappear
   - Read-only: **true**
 
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary><b>Tab management</b></summary>
+
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_file_upload**
-  - Title: Upload files
-  - Description: Upload one or multiple files
+- **browser_tabs**
+  - Title: Manage tabs
+  - Description: List, create, close, or select a browser tab.
   - Parameters:
-    - `paths` (array): The absolute paths to the files to upload. Can be a single file or multiple files.
+    - `action` (string): Operation to perform
+    - `index` (number, optional): Tab index, used for close/select. If omitted for close, current tab is closed.
+  - Read-only: **false**
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary><b>Browser installation</b></summary>
+
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
+- **browser_install**
+  - Title: Install the browser specified in the config
+  - Description: Install the browser specified in the config. Call this if you get an error about the browser not being installed.
+  - Parameters: None
+  - Read-only: **false**
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary><b>Coordinate-based (opt-in via --caps=vision)</b></summary>
+
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
+- **browser_mouse_click_xy**
+  - Title: Click
+  - Description: Click left mouse button at a given position
+  - Parameters:
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `x` (number): X coordinate
+    - `y` (number): Y coordinate
   - Read-only: **false**
 
 <!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
 
-- **browser_handle_dialog**
-  - Title: Handle a dialog
-  - Description: Handle a dialog
+- **browser_mouse_drag_xy**
+  - Title: Drag mouse
+  - Description: Drag left mouse button to a given position
   - Parameters:
-    - `accept` (boolean): Whether to accept the dialog.
-    - `promptText` (string, optional): The text of the prompt in case of a prompt dialog.
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `startX` (number): Start X coordinate
+    - `startY` (number): Start Y coordinate
+    - `endX` (number): End X coordinate
+    - `endY` (number): End Y coordinate
   - Read-only: **false**
 
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
+- **browser_mouse_move_xy**
+  - Title: Move mouse
+  - Description: Move mouse to a given position
+  - Parameters:
+    - `element` (string): Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element
+    - `x` (number): X coordinate
+    - `y` (number): Y coordinate
+  - Read-only: **true**
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary><b>PDF generation (opt-in via --caps=pdf)</b></summary>
+
+<!-- NOTE: This has been generated via update-readme.js -->
+
+- **browser_pdf_save**
+  - Title: Save as PDF
+  - Description: Save page as PDF
+  - Parameters:
+    - `filename` (string, optional): File name to save the pdf to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.pdf` if not specified.
+  - Read-only: **true**
+
 </details>
 
 

config.d.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
 
-export type ToolCapability = 'core' | 'tabs' | 'pdf' | 'history' | 'wait' | 'files' | 'install' | 'testing';
+export type ToolCapability = 'core' | 'core-tabs' | 'core-install' | 'vision' | 'pdf';
 
 export type Config = {
   /**
@@ -80,19 +80,20 @@ export type Config = {
   /**
    * List of enabled tool capabilities. Possible values:
    *   - 'core': Core browser automation features.
-   *   - 'tabs': Tab management features.
    *   - 'pdf': PDF generation and manipulation.
-   *   - 'history': Browser history access.
-   *   - 'wait': Wait and timing utilities.
-   *   - 'files': File upload/download support.
-   *   - 'install': Browser installation utilities.
+   *   - 'vision': Coordinate-based interactions.
    */
   capabilities?: ToolCapability[];
 
   /**
-   * Run server that uses screenshots (Aria snapshots are used by default).
+   * Whether to save the Playwright session into the output directory.
    */
-  vision?: boolean;
+  saveSession?: boolean;
+
+  /**
+   * Whether to save the Playwright trace of the session into the output directory.
+   */
+  saveTrace?: boolean;
 
   /**
    * The directory to save output files.
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ export type Config = {
   };
 
   /**
-   * Do not send image responses to the client.
+   * Whether to send image responses to the client. Can be "allow", "omit", or "auto". Defaults to "auto", which sends images if the client can display them.
    */
-  noImageResponses?: boolean;
+  imageResponses?: 'allow' | 'omit';
 };

eslint.config.mjs

@@ -192,6 +192,31 @@ const languageOptions = {
   }
 };
 
+const importOrderRules = {
+  "import/order": [
+    2,
+    {
+      groups: [
+        "builtin",
+        "external",
+        "internal",
+        ["parent", "sibling"],
+        "index",
+        "type",
+      ],
+    },
+  ],
+  "import/consistent-type-specifier-style": [2, "prefer-top-level"],
+};
+
+const noFloatingPromisesRules = {
+  "@typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises": "error",
+};
+
+const noBooleanCompareRules = {
+  "@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-boolean-literal-compare": 2,
+};
+
 export default [
   {
     ignores: ["**/*.js"],
@@ -200,6 +225,11 @@ export default [
     files: ["**/*.ts", "**/*.tsx"],
     plugins,
     languageOptions,
-    rules: baseRules,
+    rules: {
+      ...baseRules,
+      ...importOrderRules,
+      ...noFloatingPromisesRules,
+      ...noBooleanCompareRules,
+    },
   },
 ];

examples/generate-test.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Generate test for scenario:
+Use Playwright tools to generate test for scenario:
 
 ## GitHub PR Checks Navigation Checklist
 

extension/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Playwright MCP Chrome Extension
+
+## Introduction
+
+The Playwright MCP Chrome Extension allows you to connect to pages in your existing browser and leverage the state of your default user profile. This means the AI assistant can interact with websites where you're already logged in, using your existing cookies, sessions, and browser state, providing a seamless experience without requiring separate authentication or setup.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- Chrome/Edge/Chromium browser
+
+## Installation Steps
+
+### Download the Extension
+
+Download the latest Chrome extension from GitHub:
+- **Download link**: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/releases
+
+### Load Chrome Extension
+
+1. Open Chrome and navigate to `chrome://extensions/`
+2. Enable "Developer mode" (toggle in the top right corner)
+3. Click "Load unpacked" and select the extension directory
+
+### Configure Playwright MCP server
+
+Configure Playwright MCP server to connect to the browser using the extension by passing the `--extension` option when running the MCP server:
+
+```json
+{
+  "mcpServers": {
+    "playwright-extension": {
+      "command": "npx",
+      "args": [
+        "@playwright/mcp@latest",
+        "--extension"
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+### Browser Tab Selection
+
+When the LLM interacts with the browser for the first time, it will load a page where you can select which browser tab the LLM will connect to. This allows you to control which specific page the AI assistant will interact with during the session.
+
+

extension/manifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "manifest_version": 3,
+  "name": "Playwright MCP Bridge",
+  "version": "0.0.34",
+  "description": "Share browser tabs with Playwright MCP server",
+  "key": "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA9nMS2b0WCohjVHPGb8D9qAdkbIngDqoAjTeSccHJijgcONejge+OJxOQOMLu7b0ovt1c9BiEJa5JcpM+EHFVGL1vluBxK71zmBy1m2f9vZF3HG0LSCp7YRkum9rAIEthDwbkxx6XTvpmAY5rjFa/NON6b9Hlbo+8peUSkoOK7HTwYnnI36asZ9eUTiveIf+DMPLojW2UX33vDWG2UKvMVDewzclb4+uLxAYshY7Mx8we/b44xu+Anb/EBLKjOPk9Yh541xJ5Ozc8EiP/5yxOp9c/lRiYUHaRW+4r0HKZyFt0eZ52ti2iM4Nfk7jRXR7an3JPsUIf5deC/1cVM/+1ZQIDAQAB",
+
+  "permissions": [
+    "debugger",
+    "activeTab",
+    "tabs",
+    "storage"
+  ],
+
+  "host_permissions": [
+    "<all_urls>"
+  ],
+
+  "background": {
+    "service_worker": "lib/background.js",
+    "type": "module"
+  },
+
+  "action": {
+    "default_title": "Playwright MCP Bridge",
+    "default_icon": {
+      "16": "icons/icon-16.png",
+      "32": "icons/icon-32.png",
+      "48": "icons/icon-48.png",
+      "128": "icons/icon-128.png"
+    }
+  },
+
+  "icons": {
+    "16": "icons/icon-16.png",
+    "32": "icons/icon-32.png",
+    "48": "icons/icon-48.png",
+    "128": "icons/icon-128.png"
+  }
+}

extension/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+  "name": "@playwright/mcp-extension",
+  "version": "0.0.34",
+  "description": "Playwright MCP Browser Extension",
+  "type": "module",
+  "private": true,
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp.git"
+  },
+  "homepage": "https://playwright.dev",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18"
+  },
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Microsoft Corporation"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "scripts": {
+    "build": "tsc --project . && tsc --project tsconfig.ui.json && vite build",
+    "watch": "tsc --watch --project . & tsc --watch --project tsconfig.ui.json & vite build --watch",
+    "test": "playwright test",
+    "clean": "rm -rf dist"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/chrome": "^0.0.315",
+    "@types/react": "^18.2.66",
+    "@types/react-dom": "^18.2.22",
+    "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^4.0.0",
+    "react": "^18.2.0",
+    "react-dom": "^18.2.0",
+    "typescript": "^5.8.2",
+    "vite": "^5.0.0",
+    "vite-plugin-static-copy": "^3.1.1"
+  }
+}

extension/playwright.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { defineConfig } from '@playwright/test';
+
+import type { TestOptions } from '../tests/fixtures.js';
+
+export default defineConfig<TestOptions>({
+  testDir: './tests',
+  fullyParallel: true,
+  forbidOnly: !!process.env.CI,
+  retries: process.env.CI ? 2 : 0,
+  workers: process.env.CI ? 1 : undefined,
+  reporter: 'list',
+  projects: [
+    { name: 'chromium', use: { mcpBrowser: 'chromium' } },
+  ],
+});

extension/src/background.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { RelayConnection, debugLog } from './relayConnection.js';
+
+type PageMessage = {
+  type: 'connectToMCPRelay';
+  mcpRelayUrl: string;
+} | {
+  type: 'getTabs';
+} | {
+  type: 'connectToTab';
+  tabId?: number;
+  windowId?: number;
+  mcpRelayUrl: string;
+} | {
+  type: 'getConnectionStatus';
+} | {
+  type: 'disconnect';
+};
+
+class TabShareExtension {
+  private _activeConnection: RelayConnection | undefined;
+  private _connectedTabId: number | null = null;
+  private _pendingTabSelection = new Map<number, { connection: RelayConnection, timerId?: number }>();
+
+  constructor() {
+    chrome.tabs.onRemoved.addListener(this._onTabRemoved.bind(this));
+    chrome.tabs.onUpdated.addListener(this._onTabUpdated.bind(this));
+    chrome.tabs.onActivated.addListener(this._onTabActivated.bind(this));
+    chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener(this._onMessage.bind(this));
+    chrome.action.onClicked.addListener(this._onActionClicked.bind(this));
+  }
+
+  // Promise-based message handling is not supported in Chrome: https://issues.chromium.org/issues/40753031
+  private _onMessage(message: PageMessage, sender: chrome.runtime.MessageSender, sendResponse: (response: any) => void) {
+    switch (message.type) {
+      case 'connectToMCPRelay':
+        this._connectToRelay(sender.tab!.id!, message.mcpRelayUrl).then(
+            () => sendResponse({ success: true }),
+            (error: any) => sendResponse({ success: false, error: error.message }));
+        return true;
+      case 'getTabs':
+        this._getTabs().then(
+            tabs => sendResponse({ success: true, tabs, currentTabId: sender.tab?.id }),
+            (error: any) => sendResponse({ success: false, error: error.message }));
+        return true;
+      case 'connectToTab':
+        const tabId = message.tabId || sender.tab?.id!;
+        const windowId = message.windowId || sender.tab?.windowId!;
+        this._connectTab(sender.tab!.id!, tabId, windowId, message.mcpRelayUrl!).then(
+            () => sendResponse({ success: true }),
+            (error: any) => sendResponse({ success: false, error: error.message }));
+        return true; // Return true to indicate that the response will be sent asynchronously
+      case 'getConnectionStatus':
+        sendResponse({
+          connectedTabId: this._connectedTabId
+        });
+        return false;
+      case 'disconnect':
+        this._disconnect().then(
+            () => sendResponse({ success: true }),
+            (error: any) => sendResponse({ success: false, error: error.message }));
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  private async _connectToRelay(selectorTabId: number, mcpRelayUrl: string): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      debugLog(`Connecting to relay at ${mcpRelayUrl}`);
+      const socket = new WebSocket(mcpRelayUrl);
+      await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+        socket.onopen = () => resolve();
+        socket.onerror = () => reject(new Error('WebSocket error'));
+        setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Connection timeout')), 5000);
+      });
+
+      const connection = new RelayConnection(socket);
+      connection.onclose = () => {
+        debugLog('Connection closed');
+        this._pendingTabSelection.delete(selectorTabId);
+        // TODO: show error in the selector tab?
+      };
+      this._pendingTabSelection.set(selectorTabId, { connection });
+      debugLog(`Connected to MCP relay`);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      const message = `Failed to connect to MCP relay: ${error.message}`;
+      debugLog(message);
+      throw new Error(message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _connectTab(selectorTabId: number, tabId: number, windowId: number, mcpRelayUrl: string): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      debugLog(`Connecting tab ${tabId} to relay at ${mcpRelayUrl}`);
+      try {
+        this._activeConnection?.close('Another connection is requested');
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        debugLog(`Error closing active connection:`, error);
+      }
+      await this._setConnectedTabId(null);
+
+      this._activeConnection = this._pendingTabSelection.get(selectorTabId)?.connection;
+      if (!this._activeConnection)
+        throw new Error('No active MCP relay connection');
+      this._pendingTabSelection.delete(selectorTabId);
+
+      this._activeConnection.setTabId(tabId);
+      this._activeConnection.onclose = () => {
+        debugLog('MCP connection closed');
+        this._activeConnection = undefined;
+        void this._setConnectedTabId(null);
+      };
+
+      await Promise.all([
+        this._setConnectedTabId(tabId),
+        chrome.tabs.update(tabId, { active: true }),
+        chrome.windows.update(windowId, { focused: true }),
+      ]);
+      debugLog(`Connected to MCP bridge`);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      await this._setConnectedTabId(null);
+      debugLog(`Failed to connect tab ${tabId}:`, error.message);
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _setConnectedTabId(tabId: number | null): Promise<void> {
+    const oldTabId = this._connectedTabId;
+    this._connectedTabId = tabId;
+    if (oldTabId && oldTabId !== tabId)
+      await this._updateBadge(oldTabId, { text: '' });
+    if (tabId)
+      await this._updateBadge(tabId, { text: '✓', color: '#4CAF50', title: 'Connected to MCP client' });
+  }
+
+  private async _updateBadge(tabId: number, { text, color, title }: { text: string; color?: string, title?: string }): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      await chrome.action.setBadgeText({ tabId, text });
+      await chrome.action.setTitle({ tabId, title: title || '' });
+      if (color)
+        await chrome.action.setBadgeBackgroundColor({ tabId, color });
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      // Ignore errors as the tab may be closed already.
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _onTabRemoved(tabId: number): Promise<void> {
+    const pendingConnection = this._pendingTabSelection.get(tabId)?.connection;
+    if (pendingConnection) {
+      this._pendingTabSelection.delete(tabId);
+      pendingConnection.close('Browser tab closed');
+      return;
+    }
+    if (this._connectedTabId !== tabId)
+      return;
+    this._activeConnection?.close('Browser tab closed');
+    this._activeConnection = undefined;
+    this._connectedTabId = null;
+  }
+
+  private _onTabActivated(activeInfo: chrome.tabs.TabActiveInfo) {
+    for (const [tabId, pending] of this._pendingTabSelection) {
+      if (tabId === activeInfo.tabId) {
+        if (pending.timerId) {
+          clearTimeout(pending.timerId);
+          pending.timerId = undefined;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (!pending.timerId) {
+        pending.timerId = setTimeout(() => {
+          const existed = this._pendingTabSelection.delete(tabId);
+          if (existed) {
+            pending.connection.close('Tab has been inactive for 5 seconds');
+            chrome.tabs.sendMessage(tabId, { type: 'connectionTimeout' });
+          }
+        }, 5000);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _onTabUpdated(tabId: number, changeInfo: chrome.tabs.TabChangeInfo, tab: chrome.tabs.Tab) {
+    if (this._connectedTabId === tabId)
+      void this._setConnectedTabId(tabId);
+  }
+
+  private async _getTabs(): Promise<chrome.tabs.Tab[]> {
+    const tabs = await chrome.tabs.query({});
+    return tabs.filter(tab => tab.url && !['chrome:', 'edge:', 'devtools:'].some(scheme => tab.url!.startsWith(scheme)));
+  }
+
+  private async _onActionClicked(): Promise<void> {
+    await chrome.tabs.create({
+      url: chrome.runtime.getURL('status.html'),
+      active: true
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async _disconnect(): Promise<void> {
+    this._activeConnection?.close('User disconnected');
+    this._activeConnection = undefined;
+    await this._setConnectedTabId(null);
+  }
+}
+
+new TabShareExtension();

extension/src/relayConnection.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+export function debugLog(...args: unknown[]): void {
+  const enabled = true;
+  if (enabled) {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+    console.log('[Extension]', ...args);
+  }
+}
+
+type ProtocolCommand = {
+  id: number;
+  method: string;
+  params?: any;
+};
+
+type ProtocolResponse = {
+  id?: number;
+  method?: string;
+  params?: any;
+  result?: any;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+export class RelayConnection {
+  private _debuggee: chrome.debugger.Debuggee;
+  private _ws: WebSocket;
+  private _eventListener: (source: chrome.debugger.DebuggerSession, method: string, params: any) => void;
+  private _detachListener: (source: chrome.debugger.Debuggee, reason: string) => void;
+  private _tabPromise: Promise<void>;
+  private _tabPromiseResolve!: () => void;
+  private _closed = false;
+
+  onclose?: () => void;
+
+  constructor(ws: WebSocket) {
+    this._debuggee = { };
+    this._tabPromise = new Promise(resolve => this._tabPromiseResolve = resolve);
+    this._ws = ws;
+    this._ws.onmessage = this._onMessage.bind(this);
+    this._ws.onclose = () => this._onClose();
+    // Store listeners for cleanup
+    this._eventListener = this._onDebuggerEvent.bind(this);
+    this._detachListener = this._onDebuggerDetach.bind(this);
+    chrome.debugger.onEvent.addListener(this._eventListener);
+    chrome.debugger.onDetach.addListener(this._detachListener);
+  }
+
+  // Either setTabId or close is called after creating the connection.
+  setTabId(tabId: number): void {
+    this._debuggee = { tabId };
+    this._tabPromiseResolve();
+  }
+
+  close(message: string): void {
+    this._ws.close(1000, message);
+    // ws.onclose is called asynchronously, so we call it here to avoid forwarding
+    // CDP events to the closed connection.
+    this._onClose();
+  }
+
+  private _onClose() {
+    if (this._closed)
+      return;
+    this._closed = true;
+    chrome.debugger.onEvent.removeListener(this._eventListener);
+    chrome.debugger.onDetach.removeListener(this._detachListener);
+    chrome.debugger.detach(this._debuggee).catch(() => {});
+    this.onclose?.();
+  }
+
+  private _onDebuggerEvent(source: chrome.debugger.DebuggerSession, method: string, params: any): void {
+    if (source.tabId !== this._debuggee.tabId)
+      return;
+    debugLog('Forwarding CDP event:', method, params);
+    const sessionId = source.sessionId;
+    this._sendMessage({
+      method: 'forwardCDPEvent',
+      params: {
+        sessionId,
+        method,
+        params,
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  private _onDebuggerDetach(source: chrome.debugger.Debuggee, reason: string): void {
+    if (source.tabId !== this._debuggee.tabId)
+      return;
+    this.close(`Debugger detached: ${reason}`);
+    this._debuggee = { };
+  }
+
+  private _onMessage(event: MessageEvent): void {
+    this._onMessageAsync(event).catch(e => debugLog('Error handling message:', e));
+  }
+
+  private async _onMessageAsync(event: MessageEvent): Promise<void> {
+    let message: ProtocolCommand;
+    try {
+      message = JSON.parse(event.data);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      debugLog('Error parsing message:', error);
+      this._sendError(-32700, `Error parsing message: ${error.message}`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    debugLog('Received message:', message);
+
+    const response: ProtocolResponse = {
+      id: message.id,
+    };
+    try {
+      response.result = await this._handleCommand(message);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      debugLog('Error handling command:', error);
+      response.error = error.message;
+    }
+    debugLog('Sending response:', response);
+    this._sendMessage(response);
+  }
+
+  private async _handleCommand(message: ProtocolCommand): Promise<any> {
+    if (message.method === 'attachToTab') {
+      await this._tabPromise;
+      debugLog('Attaching debugger to tab:', this._debuggee);
+      await chrome.debugger.attach(this._debuggee, '1.3');
+      const result: any = await chrome.debugger.sendCommand(this._debuggee, 'Target.getTargetInfo');
+      return {
+        targetInfo: result?.targetInfo,
+      };
+    }
+    if (!this._debuggee.tabId)
+      throw new Error('No tab is connected. Please go to the Playwright MCP extension and select the tab you want to connect to.');
+    if (message.method === 'forwardCDPCommand') {
+      const { sessionId, method, params } = message.params;
+      debugLog('CDP command:', method, params);
+      const debuggerSession: chrome.debugger.DebuggerSession = {
+        ...this._debuggee,
+        sessionId,
+      };
+      // Forward CDP command to chrome.debugger
+      return await chrome.debugger.sendCommand(
+          debuggerSession,
+          method,
+          params
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _sendError(code: number, message: string): void {
+    this._sendMessage({
+      error: {
+        code,
+        message,
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  private _sendMessage(message: any): void {
+    if (this._ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN)
+      this._ws.send(JSON.stringify(message));
+  }
+}

extension/src/ui/connect.css

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+  Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+/* Base styles */
+.app-container {
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  background-color: #ffffff;
+  color: #1f2328;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 16px;
+  min-height: 100vh;
+  font-size: 14px;
+}
+
+.content-wrapper {
+  max-width: 600px;
+  margin: 0 auto;
+}
+
+/* Status Banner */
+.status-container {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  margin-bottom: 16px;
+  padding-right: 12px;
+}
+
+.status-banner {
+  padding: 12px;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  flex: 1;
+}
+
+.status-banner.connected {
+  color: #1f2328;
+}
+
+.status-banner.connected::before {
+  content: "\2705";
+  margin-right: 8px;
+}
+
+.status-banner.error {
+  color: #1f2328;
+}
+
+.status-banner.error::before {
+  content: "\274C";
+  margin-right: 8px;
+}
+
+/* Buttons */
+.button-container {
+  margin-bottom: 16px;
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  padding-right: 12px;
+}
+
+.button {
+  padding: 8px 16px;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  border: none;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  margin-right: 8px;
+  min-width: 90px;
+}
+
+.button.primary {
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+  color: #3c4043;
+  border: 1px solid #dadce0;
+}
+
+.button.primary:hover {
+  background-color: #f1f3f4;
+  border-color: #dadce0;
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.1);
+}
+
+.button.default {
+  background-color: #f6f8fa;
+  color: #24292f;
+}
+
+.button.default:hover {
+  background-color: #f3f4f6;
+}
+
+.button.reject {
+  background-color: #da3633;
+  color: #ffffff;
+  border: 1px solid #da3633;
+}
+
+.button.reject:hover {
+  background-color: #c73836;
+  border-color: #c73836;
+}
+
+/* Tab selection */
+.tab-section-title {
+  padding-left: 12px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  margin-bottom: 12px;
+  color: #656d76;
+}
+
+.tab-item {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 12px;
+  margin-bottom: 8px;
+  background-color: #ffffff;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.tab-item:hover {
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.tab-item.selected {
+  background-color: #f6f8fa;
+}
+
+.tab-item.disabled {
+  cursor: not-allowed;
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+
+.tab-radio {
+  margin-right: 12px;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.tab-favicon {
+  width: 16px;
+  height: 16px;
+  margin-right: 8px;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.tab-content {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.tab-title {
+  font-weight: 500;
+  color: #1f2328;
+  margin-bottom: 2px;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+
+.tab-url {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: #656d76;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+
+/* Link-style button */
+.link-button {
+  background: none;
+  border: none;
+  color: #0066cc;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  padding: 0;
+  font: inherit;
+}

extension/src/ui/connect.html

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<!--
+  Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Playwright MCP extension</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="../../icons/icon-32.png">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="../../icons/icon-16.png">
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="connect.css">
+</head>
+<body>
+  <div id="root"></div>
+  <script type="module" src="connect.tsx"></script>
+</body>
+</html> 

extension/src/ui/connect.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import React, { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';
+import { Button, TabItem  } from './tabItem.js';
+import type { TabInfo } from './tabItem.js';
+
+type Status =
+  | { type: 'connecting'; message: string }
+  | { type: 'connected'; message: string }
+  | { type: 'error'; message: string }
+  | { type: 'error'; versionMismatch: { pwMcpVersion: string; extensionVersion: string; downloadUrl: string } };
+
+const ConnectApp: React.FC = () => {
+  const [tabs, setTabs] = useState<TabInfo[]>([]);
+  const [status, setStatus] = useState<Status | null>(null);
+  const [showButtons, setShowButtons] = useState(true);
+  const [showTabList, setShowTabList] = useState(true);
+  const [clientInfo, setClientInfo] = useState('unknown');
+  const [mcpRelayUrl, setMcpRelayUrl] = useState('');
+  const [newTab, setNewTab] = useState<boolean>(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    const relayUrl = params.get('mcpRelayUrl');
+
+    if (!relayUrl) {
+      setShowButtons(false);
+      setStatus({ type: 'error', message: 'Missing mcpRelayUrl parameter in URL.' });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setMcpRelayUrl(relayUrl);
+
+    try {
+      const client = JSON.parse(params.get('client') || '{}');
+      const info = `${client.name}/${client.version}`;
+      setClientInfo(info);
+      setStatus({
+        type: 'connecting',
+        message: `🎭 Playwright MCP started from  "${info}" is trying to connect. Do you want to continue?`
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      setStatus({ type: 'error', message: 'Failed to parse client version.' });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const pwMcpVersion = params.get('pwMcpVersion');
+    const extensionVersion = chrome.runtime.getManifest().version;
+    if (pwMcpVersion !== extensionVersion) {
+      const downloadUrl = params.get('downloadUrl') || `https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/releases/download/v${extensionVersion}/playwright-mcp-extension-v${extensionVersion}.zip`;
+      setShowButtons(false);
+      setShowTabList(false);
+      setStatus({
+        type: 'error',
+        versionMismatch: {
+          pwMcpVersion: pwMcpVersion || 'unknown',
+          extensionVersion,
+          downloadUrl
+        }
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    void connectToMCPRelay(relayUrl);
+
+    // If this is a browser_navigate command, hide the tab list and show simple allow/reject
+    if (params.get('newTab') === 'true') {
+      setNewTab(true);
+      setShowTabList(false);
+    } else {
+      void loadTabs();
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const handleReject = useCallback((message: string) => {
+    setShowButtons(false);
+    setShowTabList(false);
+    setStatus({ type: 'error', message });
+  }, []);
+
+  const connectToMCPRelay = useCallback(async (mcpRelayUrl: string) => {
+
+    const response = await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({ type: 'connectToMCPRelay', mcpRelayUrl  });
+    if (!response.success)
+      handleReject(response.error);
+  }, [handleReject]);
+
+  const loadTabs = useCallback(async () => {
+    const response = await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({ type: 'getTabs' });
+    if (response.success)
+      setTabs(response.tabs);
+    else
+      setStatus({ type: 'error', message: 'Failed to load tabs: ' + response.error });
+  }, []);
+
+  const handleConnectToTab = useCallback(async (tab?: TabInfo) => {
+    setShowButtons(false);
+    setShowTabList(false);
+
+    try {
+      const response = await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({
+        type: 'connectToTab',
+        mcpRelayUrl,
+        tabId: tab?.id,
+        windowId: tab?.windowId,
+      });
+
+      if (response?.success) {
+        setStatus({ type: 'connected', message: `MCP client "${clientInfo}" connected.` });
+      } else {
+        setStatus({
+          type: 'error',
+          message: response?.error || `MCP client "${clientInfo}" failed to connect.`
+        });
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      setStatus({
+        type: 'error',
+        message: `MCP client "${clientInfo}" failed to connect: ${e}`
+      });
+    }
+  }, [clientInfo, mcpRelayUrl]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const listener = (message: any) => {
+      if (message.type === 'connectionTimeout')
+        handleReject('Connection timed out.');
+    };
+    chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener(listener);
+    return () => {
+      chrome.runtime.onMessage.removeListener(listener);
+    };
+  }, [handleReject]);
+
+  return (
+    <div className='app-container'>
+      <div className='content-wrapper'>
+        {status && (
+          <div className='status-container'>
+            <StatusBanner status={status} />
+            {showButtons && (
+              <div className='button-container'>
+                {newTab ? (
+                  <>
+                    <Button variant='primary' onClick={() => handleConnectToTab()}>
+                      Allow
+                    </Button>
+                    <Button variant='reject' onClick={() => handleReject('Connection rejected. This tab can be closed.')}>
+                      Reject
+                    </Button>
+                  </>
+                ) : (
+                  <Button variant='reject' onClick={() => handleReject('Connection rejected. This tab can be closed.')}>
+                    Reject
+                  </Button>
+                )}
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {showTabList && (
+          <div>
+            <div className='tab-section-title'>
+              Select page to expose to MCP server:
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              {tabs.map(tab => (
+                <TabItem
+                  key={tab.id}
+                  tab={tab}
+                  button={
+                    <Button variant='primary' onClick={() => handleConnectToTab(tab)}>
+                      Connect
+                    </Button>
+                  }
+                />
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+const VersionMismatchError: React.FC<{ pwMcpVersion: string; extensionVersion: string; downloadUrl: string }> = ({ pwMcpVersion, extensionVersion, downloadUrl }) => {
+  const readmeUrl = 'https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/blob/main/extension/README.md';
+
+  const handleDownloadAndOpenExtensions = () => {
+    // Start download
+    const link = document.createElement('a');
+    link.href = downloadUrl;
+    link.download = `playwright-mcp-extension-v${extensionVersion}.zip`;
+    document.body.appendChild(link);
+    link.click();
+    document.body.removeChild(link);
+
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      chrome.tabs.query({ active: true, currentWindow: true }, tabs => {
+        if (tabs[0]?.id)
+          chrome.tabs.update(tabs[0].id, { url: 'chrome://extensions/' });
+      });
+    }, 1000); // Wait 1 second for download to initiate
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div>
+      Incompatible Playwright MCP version: {pwMcpVersion} (extension version: {extensionVersion}).{' '}
+      <button
+        onClick={handleDownloadAndOpenExtensions}
+        className='link-button'
+      >Click here</button> to download the matching extension, then drag and drop it into the Chrome Extensions page.{' '}
+      See <a href={readmeUrl} target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer'>installation instructions</a> for more details.
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+const StatusBanner: React.FC<{ status: Status }> = ({ status }) => {
+  return (
+    <div className={`status-banner ${status.type}`}>
+      {'versionMismatch' in status ? (
+        <VersionMismatchError
+          pwMcpVersion={status.versionMismatch.pwMcpVersion}
+          extensionVersion={status.versionMismatch.extensionVersion}
+          downloadUrl={status.versionMismatch.downloadUrl}
+        />
+      ) : (
+        status.message
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+// Initialize the React app
+const container = document.getElementById('root');
+if (container) {
+  const root = createRoot(container);
+  root.render(<ConnectApp />);
+}

extension/src/ui/status.html

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="UTF-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+  <title>Playwright MCP Bridge Status</title>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="connect.css">
+</head>
+<body>
+  <div id="root"></div>
+  <script src="status.tsx" type="module"></script>
+</body>
+</html>

extension/src/ui/status.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';
+import { Button, TabItem  } from './tabItem.js';
+
+import type { TabInfo } from './tabItem.js';
+
+interface ConnectionStatus {
+  isConnected: boolean;
+  connectedTabId: number | null;
+  connectedTab?: TabInfo;
+}
+
+const StatusApp: React.FC = () => {
+  const [status, setStatus] = useState<ConnectionStatus>({
+    isConnected: false,
+    connectedTabId: null
+  });
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    void loadStatus();
+  }, []);
+
+  const loadStatus = async () => {
+    // Get current connection status from background script
+    const { connectedTabId } = await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({ type: 'getConnectionStatus' });
+    if (connectedTabId) {
+      const tab = await chrome.tabs.get(connectedTabId);
+      setStatus({
+        isConnected: true,
+        connectedTabId,
+        connectedTab: {
+          id: tab.id!,
+          windowId: tab.windowId!,
+          title: tab.title!,
+          url: tab.url!,
+          favIconUrl: tab.favIconUrl
+        }
+      });
+    } else {
+      setStatus({
+        isConnected: false,
+        connectedTabId: null
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const openConnectedTab = async () => {
+    if (!status.connectedTabId)
+      return;
+    await chrome.tabs.update(status.connectedTabId, { active: true });
+    window.close();
+  };
+
+  const disconnect = async () => {
+    await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({ type: 'disconnect' });
+    window.close();
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className='app-container'>
+      <div className='content-wrapper'>
+        {status.isConnected && status.connectedTab ? (
+          <div>
+            <div className='tab-section-title'>
+              Page with connected MCP client:
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <TabItem
+                tab={status.connectedTab}
+                button={
+                  <Button variant='primary' onClick={disconnect}>
+                    Disconnect
+                  </Button>
+                }
+                onClick={openConnectedTab}
+              />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          <div className='status-banner'>
+            No MCP clients are currently connected.
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+// Initialize the React app
+const container = document.getElementById('root');
+if (container) {
+  const root = createRoot(container);
+  root.render(<StatusApp />);
+}

extension/src/ui/tabItem.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import React from 'react';
+
+export interface TabInfo {
+  id: number;
+  windowId: number;
+  title: string;
+  url: string;
+  favIconUrl?: string;
+}
+
+export const Button: React.FC<{ variant: 'primary' | 'default' | 'reject'; onClick: () => void; children: React.ReactNode }> = ({
+  variant,
+  onClick,
+  children
+}) => {
+  return (
+    <button className={`button ${variant}`} onClick={onClick}>
+      {children}
+    </button>
+  );
+};
+
+
+export interface TabItemProps {
+  tab: TabInfo;
+  onClick?: () => void;
+  button?: React.ReactNode;
+}
+
+export const TabItem: React.FC<TabItemProps> = ({
+  tab,
+  onClick,
+  button
+}) => {
+  return (
+    <div className='tab-item' onClick={onClick} style={onClick ? { cursor: 'pointer' } : undefined}>
+      <img
+        src={tab.favIconUrl || 'data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><rect width="16" height="16" fill="%23f6f8fa"/></svg>'}
+        alt=''
+        className='tab-favicon'
+      />
+      <div className='tab-content'>
+        <div className='tab-title'>
+          {tab.title || 'Untitled'}
+        </div>
+        <div className='tab-url'>{tab.url}</div>
+      </div>
+      {button}
+    </div>
+  );
+};

extension/src/ui/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Help VSCode to find right tsconfig file.
+{
+    "extends": "../../tsconfig.ui.json"
+}

extension/tests/extension.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import { chromium } from 'playwright';
+import packageJSON from '../../package.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { test as base, expect } from '../../tests/fixtures.js';
+
+import type { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import type { BrowserContext } from 'playwright';
+import type { StartClient } from '../../tests/fixtures.js';
+
+type BrowserWithExtension = {
+  userDataDir: string;
+  launch: (mode?: 'disable-extension') => Promise<BrowserContext>;
+};
+
+type TestFixtures = {
+  browserWithExtension: BrowserWithExtension,
+  pathToExtension: string,
+  useShortConnectionTimeout: (timeoutMs: number) => void
+};
+
+const test = base.extend<TestFixtures>({
+  pathToExtension: async ({}, use) => {
+    await use(fileURLToPath(new URL('../dist', import.meta.url)));
+  },
+
+  browserWithExtension: async ({ mcpBrowser, pathToExtension }, use, testInfo) => {
+    // The flags no longer work in Chrome since
+    // https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/290ed8046692651ce76088914750cb659b65fb17%5E%21/chrome/browser/extensions/extension_service.cc?pli=1#
+    test.skip('chromium' !== mcpBrowser, '--load-extension is not supported for official builds of Chromium');
+
+    let browserContext: BrowserContext | undefined;
+    const userDataDir = testInfo.outputPath('extension-user-data-dir');
+    await use({
+      userDataDir,
+      launch: async (mode?: 'disable-extension') => {
+        browserContext = await chromium.launchPersistentContext(userDataDir, {
+          channel: mcpBrowser,
+          // Opening the browser singleton only works in headed.
+          headless: false,
+          // Automation disables singleton browser process behavior, which is necessary for the extension.
+          ignoreDefaultArgs: ['--enable-automation'],
+          args: mode === 'disable-extension' ? [] : [
+            `--disable-extensions-except=${pathToExtension}`,
+            `--load-extension=${pathToExtension}`,
+          ],
+        });
+
+        // for manifest v3:
+        let [serviceWorker] = browserContext.serviceWorkers();
+        if (!serviceWorker)
+          serviceWorker = await browserContext.waitForEvent('serviceworker');
+
+        return browserContext;
+      }
+    });
+    await browserContext?.close();
+  },
+
+  useShortConnectionTimeout: async ({}, use) => {
+    await use((timeoutMs: number) => {
+      process.env.PWMCP_TEST_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = timeoutMs.toString();
+    });
+    process.env.PWMCP_TEST_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = undefined;
+  },
+
+});
+
+async function startAndCallConnectTool(browserWithExtension: BrowserWithExtension, startClient: StartClient): Promise<Client> {
+  const { client } = await startClient({
+    args: [`--connect-tool`],
+    config: {
+      browser: {
+        userDataDir: browserWithExtension.userDataDir,
+      }
+    },
+  });
+
+  expect(await client.callTool({
+    name: 'browser_connect',
+    arguments: {
+      name: 'extension'
+    }
+  })).toHaveResponse({
+    result: 'Successfully changed connection method.',
+  });
+
+  return client;
+}
+
+async function startWithExtensionFlag(browserWithExtension: BrowserWithExtension, startClient: StartClient): Promise<Client> {
+  const { client } = await startClient({
+    args: [`--extension`],
+    config: {
+      browser: {
+        userDataDir: browserWithExtension.userDataDir,
+      }
+    },
+  });
+  return client;
+}
+
+const testWithOldVersion = test.extend({
+  pathToExtension: async ({}, use, testInfo) => {
+    const extensionDir = testInfo.outputPath('extension');
+    const oldPath = fileURLToPath(new URL('../dist', import.meta.url));
+
+    await fs.promises.cp(oldPath, extensionDir, { recursive: true });
+    const manifestPath = path.join(extensionDir, 'manifest.json');
+    const manifest = JSON.parse(await fs.promises.readFile(manifestPath, 'utf8'));
+    manifest.version = '0.0.1';
+    await fs.promises.writeFile(manifestPath, JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2) + '\n');
+
+    await use(extensionDir);
+  },
+});
+
+for (const [mode, startClientMethod] of [
+  ['connect-tool', startAndCallConnectTool],
+  ['extension-flag', startWithExtensionFlag],
+] as const) {
+
+  test(`navigate with extension (${mode})`, async ({ browserWithExtension, startClient, server }) => {
+    const browserContext = await browserWithExtension.launch();
+
+    const client = await startClientMethod(browserWithExtension, startClient);
+
+    const confirmationPagePromise = browserContext.waitForEvent('page', page => {
+      return page.url().startsWith('chrome-extension://jakfalbnbhgkpmoaakfflhflbfpkailf/connect.html');
+    });
+
+    const navigateResponse = client.callTool({
+      name: 'browser_navigate',
+      arguments: { url: server.HELLO_WORLD },
+    });
+
+    const selectorPage = await confirmationPagePromise;
+    // For browser_navigate command, the UI shows Allow/Reject buttons instead of tab selector
+    await selectorPage.getByRole('button', { name: 'Allow' }).click();
+
+    expect(await navigateResponse).toHaveResponse({
+      pageState: expect.stringContaining(`- generic [active] [ref=e1]: Hello, world!`),
+    });
+  });
+
+  test(`snapshot of an existing page (${mode})`, async ({ browserWithExtension, startClient, server }) => {
+    const browserContext = await browserWithExtension.launch();
+
+    const page = await browserContext.newPage();
+    await page.goto(server.HELLO_WORLD);
+
+    // Another empty page.
+    await browserContext.newPage();
+    expect(browserContext.pages()).toHaveLength(3);
+
+    const client = await startClientMethod(browserWithExtension, startClient);
+    expect(browserContext.pages()).toHaveLength(3);
+
+    const confirmationPagePromise = browserContext.waitForEvent('page', page => {
+      return page.url().startsWith('chrome-extension://jakfalbnbhgkpmoaakfflhflbfpkailf/connect.html');
+    });
+
+    const navigateResponse = client.callTool({
+      name: 'browser_snapshot',
+      arguments: { },
+    });
+
+    const selectorPage = await confirmationPagePromise;
+    expect(browserContext.pages()).toHaveLength(4);
+
+    await selectorPage.locator('.tab-item', { hasText: 'Title' }).getByRole('button', { name: 'Connect' }).click();
+
+    expect(await navigateResponse).toHaveResponse({
+      pageState: expect.stringContaining(`- generic [active] [ref=e1]: Hello, world!`),
+    });
+
+    expect(browserContext.pages()).toHaveLength(4);
+  });
+
+  test(`extension not installed timeout (${mode})`, async ({ browserWithExtension, startClient, server, useShortConnectionTimeout }) => {
+    useShortConnectionTimeout(100);
+
+    const browserContext = await browserWithExtension.launch();
+
+    const client = await startClientMethod(browserWithExtension, startClient);
+
+    const confirmationPagePromise = browserContext.waitForEvent('page', page => {
+      return page.url().startsWith('chrome-extension://jakfalbnbhgkpmoaakfflhflbfpkailf/connect.html');
+    });
+
+    expect(await client.callTool({
+      name: 'browser_navigate',
+      arguments: { url: server.HELLO_WORLD },
+    })).toHaveResponse({
+      result: expect.stringContaining('Extension connection timeout. Make sure the "Playwright MCP Bridge" extension is installed.'),
+      isError: true,
+    });
+
+    await confirmationPagePromise;
+  });
+
+  testWithOldVersion(`extension version mismatch (${mode})`, async ({ browserWithExtension, startClient, server, useShortConnectionTimeout }) => {
+    useShortConnectionTimeout(500);
+
+    // Prelaunch the browser, so that it is properly closed after the test.
+    const browserContext = await browserWithExtension.launch();
+
+    const client = await startClientMethod(browserWithExtension, startClient);
+
+    const confirmationPagePromise = browserContext.waitForEvent('page', page => {
+      return page.url().startsWith('chrome-extension://jakfalbnbhgkpmoaakfflhflbfpkailf/connect.html');
+    });
+
+    const navigateResponse = client.callTool({
+      name: 'browser_navigate',
+      arguments: { url: server.HELLO_WORLD },
+    });
+
+    const confirmationPage = await confirmationPagePromise;
+    await expect(confirmationPage.locator('.status-banner')).toHaveText(`Incompatible Playwright MCP version: ${packageJSON.version} (extension version: 0.0.1). Click here to download the matching extension, then drag and drop it into the Chrome Extensions page. See installation instructions for more details.`);
+
+    expect(await navigateResponse).toHaveResponse({
+      result: expect.stringContaining('Extension connection timeout.'),
+      isError: true,
+    });
+
+    const downloadPromise = confirmationPage.waitForEvent('download');
+    await confirmationPage.locator('.status-banner').getByRole('button', { name: 'Click here' }).click();
+    const download = await downloadPromise;
+    expect(download.url()).toBe(`https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/releases/download/v0.0.1/playwright-mcp-extension-v0.0.1.zip`);
+    await download.cancel();
+  });
+
+}

extension/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "ESNext",
+    "esModuleInterop": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "strict": true,
+    "module": "ESNext",
+    "rootDir": "src",
+    "outDir": "./dist/lib",
+    "resolveJsonModule": true,
+    "types": ["chrome"],
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react"
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "src",
+  ],
+  "exclude": [
+    "src/ui",
+  ]
+}

extension/tsconfig.ui.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "ESNext",
+    "esModuleInterop": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "strict": true,
+    "module": "ESNext",
+    "rootDir": "src",
+    "outDir": "./lib",
+    "resolveJsonModule": true,
+    "types": ["chrome"],
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "noEmit": true,
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "src/ui",
+  ],
+}

extension/vite.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { resolve } from 'path';
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react';
+import { viteStaticCopy } from 'vite-plugin-static-copy';
+
+// https://vitejs.dev/config/
+export default defineConfig({
+  plugins: [
+    react(),
+    viteStaticCopy({
+      targets: [
+        {
+          src: '../../icons/*',
+          dest: 'icons'
+        },
+        {
+          src: '../../manifest.json',
+          dest: '.'
+        }
+      ]
+    })
+  ],
+  root: resolve(__dirname, 'src/ui'),
+  build: {
+    outDir: resolve(__dirname, 'dist/'),
+    emptyOutDir: false,
+    minify: false,
+    rollupOptions: {
+      input: ['src/ui/connect.html', 'src/ui/status.html'],
+      output: {
+        manualChunks: undefined,
+        entryFileNames: 'lib/ui/[name].js',
+        chunkFileNames: 'lib/ui/[name].js',
+        assetFileNames: 'lib/ui/[name].[ext]'
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});

index.d.ts

@@ -16,14 +16,8 @@
  */
 
 import type { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
-import type { Config } from './config';
-import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+import type { Config } from './config.js';
+import type { BrowserContext } from 'playwright';
 
-export type Connection = {
-  server: Server;
-  connect(transport: Transport): Promise<void>;
-  close(): Promise<void>;
-};
-
-export declare function createConnection(config?: Config): Promise<Connection>;
+export declare function createConnection(config?: Config, contextGetter?: () => Promise<BrowserContext>): Promise<Server>;
 export {};

index.js

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import { createConnection } from './lib/index';
+import { createConnection } from './lib/index.js';
 export { createConnection };

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@playwright/mcp",
-  "version": "0.0.25",
+  "version": "0.0.34",
   "description": "Playwright Tools for MCP",
   "type": "module",
   "repository": {
@@ -17,13 +17,16 @@
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "scripts": {
     "build": "tsc",
-    "lint": "npm run update-readme && eslint . && tsc --noEmit",
+    "lint": "npm run update-readme && npm run check-deps && eslint . && tsc --noEmit",
+    "lint-fix": "eslint . --fix",
+    "check-deps": "node utils/check-deps.js",
     "update-readme": "node utils/update-readme.js",
     "watch": "tsc --watch",
     "test": "playwright test",
     "ctest": "playwright test --project=chrome",
     "ftest": "playwright test --project=firefox",
     "wtest": "playwright test --project=webkit",
+    "run-server": "node lib/browserServer.js",
     "clean": "rm -rf lib",
     "npm-publish": "npm run clean && npm run build && npm run test && npm publish"
   },
@@ -35,23 +38,34 @@
     }
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk": "^1.11.0",
+    "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk": "^1.16.0",
     "commander": "^13.1.0",
-    "playwright": "1.53.0-alpha-1746832516000",
+    "debug": "^4.4.1",
+    "dotenv": "^17.2.0",
+    "mime": "^4.0.7",
+    "playwright": "1.55.0-alpha-2025-08-12",
+    "playwright-core": "1.55.0-alpha-2025-08-12",
+    "ws": "^8.18.1",
+    "zod": "^3.24.1",
     "zod-to-json-schema": "^3.24.4"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@anthropic-ai/sdk": "^0.57.0",
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.2.0",
     "@eslint/js": "^9.19.0",
-    "@playwright/test": "1.53.0-alpha-1746832516000",
+    "@playwright/test": "1.55.0-alpha-2025-08-12",
     "@stylistic/eslint-plugin": "^3.0.1",
+    "@types/debug": "^4.1.12",
     "@types/node": "^22.13.10",
+    "@types/ws": "^8.18.1",
     "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.26.1",
     "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.26.1",
     "@typescript-eslint/utils": "^8.26.1",
+    "esbuild": "^0.20.1",
     "eslint": "^9.19.0",
     "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.31.0",
     "eslint-plugin-notice": "^1.0.0",
+    "openai": "^5.10.2",
     "typescript": "^5.8.2"
   },
   "bin": {

playwright.config.ts

@@ -22,15 +22,21 @@ export default defineConfig<TestOptions>({
   testDir: './tests',
   fullyParallel: true,
   forbidOnly: !!process.env.CI,
-  retries: process.env.CI ? 2 : 0,
-  workers: process.env.CI ? 1 : undefined,
+  workers: process.env.CI ? 2 : undefined,
   reporter: 'list',
   projects: [
     { name: 'chrome' },
-    { name: 'msedge', use: { mcpBrowser: 'msedge' } },
     { name: 'chromium', use: { mcpBrowser: 'chromium' } },
-    ...process.env.MCP_IN_DOCKER ? [{ name: 'chromium-docker', use: { mcpBrowser: 'chromium', mcpMode: 'docker' as const } }] : [],
+    ...process.env.MCP_IN_DOCKER ? [{
+      name: 'chromium-docker',
+      grep: /browser_navigate|browser_click/,
+      use: {
+        mcpBrowser: 'chromium',
+        mcpMode: 'docker' as const
+      }
+    }] : [],
     { name: 'firefox', use: { mcpBrowser: 'firefox' } },
     { name: 'webkit', use: { mcpBrowser: 'webkit' } },
+    ... process.platform === 'win32' ? [{ name: 'msedge', use: { mcpBrowser: 'msedge' } }] : [],
   ],
 });

src/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[*]
+./tools/
+./mcp/
+./utils/
+
+[program.ts]
+***

src/actions.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+type Point = { x: number, y: number };
+
+export type ActionName =
+  'check' |
+  'click' |
+  'closePage' |
+  'fill' |
+  'navigate' |
+  'openPage' |
+  'press' |
+  'select' |
+  'uncheck' |
+  'setInputFiles' |
+  'assertText' |
+  'assertValue' |
+  'assertChecked' |
+  'assertVisible' |
+  'assertSnapshot';
+
+export type ActionBase = {
+  name: ActionName,
+  signals: Signal[],
+  ariaSnapshot?: string,
+};
+
+export type ActionWithSelector = ActionBase & {
+  selector: string,
+  ref?: string,
+};
+
+export type ClickAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'click',
+  button: 'left' | 'middle' | 'right',
+  modifiers: number,
+  clickCount: number,
+  position?: Point,
+};
+
+export type CheckAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'check',
+};
+
+export type UncheckAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'uncheck',
+};
+
+export type FillAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'fill',
+  text: string,
+};
+
+export type NavigateAction = ActionBase & {
+  name: 'navigate',
+  url: string,
+};
+
+export type OpenPageAction = ActionBase & {
+  name: 'openPage',
+  url: string,
+};
+
+export type ClosesPageAction = ActionBase & {
+  name: 'closePage',
+};
+
+export type PressAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'press',
+  key: string,
+  modifiers: number,
+};
+
+export type SelectAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'select',
+  options: string[],
+};
+
+export type SetInputFilesAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'setInputFiles',
+  files: string[],
+};
+
+export type AssertTextAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'assertText',
+  text: string,
+  substring: boolean,
+};
+
+export type AssertValueAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'assertValue',
+  value: string,
+};
+
+export type AssertCheckedAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'assertChecked',
+  checked: boolean,
+};
+
+export type AssertVisibleAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'assertVisible',
+};
+
+export type AssertSnapshotAction = ActionWithSelector & {
+  name: 'assertSnapshot',
+  ariaSnapshot: string,
+};
+
+export type Action = ClickAction | CheckAction | ClosesPageAction | OpenPageAction | UncheckAction | FillAction | NavigateAction | PressAction | SelectAction | SetInputFilesAction | AssertTextAction | AssertValueAction | AssertCheckedAction | AssertVisibleAction | AssertSnapshotAction;
+export type AssertAction = AssertCheckedAction | AssertValueAction | AssertTextAction | AssertVisibleAction | AssertSnapshotAction;
+export type PerformOnRecordAction = ClickAction | CheckAction | UncheckAction | PressAction | SelectAction;
+
+// Signals.
+
+export type BaseSignal = {
+};
+
+export type NavigationSignal = BaseSignal & {
+  name: 'navigation',
+  url: string,
+};
+
+export type PopupSignal = BaseSignal & {
+  name: 'popup',
+  popupAlias: string,
+};
+
+export type DownloadSignal = BaseSignal & {
+  name: 'download',
+  downloadAlias: string,
+};
+
+export type DialogSignal = BaseSignal & {
+  name: 'dialog',
+  dialogAlias: string,
+};
+
+export type Signal = NavigationSignal | PopupSignal | DownloadSignal | DialogSignal;
+
+export type FrameDescription = {
+  pageGuid: string;
+  pageAlias: string;
+  framePath: string[];
+};
+
+export type ActionInContext = {
+  frame: FrameDescription;
+  description?: string;
+  action: Action;
+  startTime: number;
+  endTime?: number;
+};
+
+export type SignalInContext = {
+  frame: FrameDescription;
+  signal: Signal;
+  timestamp: number;
+};

src/browserContextFactory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'fs';
+import net from 'net';
+import path from 'path';
+
+import * as playwright from 'playwright';
+// @ts-ignore
+import { registryDirectory } from 'playwright-core/lib/server/registry/index';
+// @ts-ignore
+import { startTraceViewerServer } from 'playwright-core/lib/server';
+import { logUnhandledError, testDebug } from './utils/log.js';
+import { createHash } from './utils/guid.js';
+import { outputFile  } from './config.js';
+
+import type { FullConfig } from './config.js';
+
+export function contextFactory(config: FullConfig): BrowserContextFactory {
+  if (config.browser.remoteEndpoint)
+    return new RemoteContextFactory(config);
+  if (config.browser.cdpEndpoint)
+    return new CdpContextFactory(config);
+  if (config.browser.isolated)
+    return new IsolatedContextFactory(config);
+  return new PersistentContextFactory(config);
+}
+
+export type ClientInfo = { name?: string, version?: string, rootPath?: string };
+
+export interface BrowserContextFactory {
+  createContext(clientInfo: ClientInfo, abortSignal: AbortSignal, toolName: string | undefined): Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }>;
+}
+
+class BaseContextFactory implements BrowserContextFactory {
+  readonly config: FullConfig;
+  private _logName: string;
+  protected _browserPromise: Promise<playwright.Browser> | undefined;
+
+  constructor(name: string, config: FullConfig) {
+    this._logName = name;
+    this.config = config;
+  }
+
+  protected async _obtainBrowser(clientInfo: ClientInfo): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    if (this._browserPromise)
+      return this._browserPromise;
+    testDebug(`obtain browser (${this._logName})`);
+    this._browserPromise = this._doObtainBrowser(clientInfo);
+    void this._browserPromise.then(browser => {
+      browser.on('disconnected', () => {
+        this._browserPromise = undefined;
+      });
+    }).catch(() => {
+      this._browserPromise = undefined;
+    });
+    return this._browserPromise;
+  }
+
+  protected async _doObtainBrowser(clientInfo: ClientInfo): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    throw new Error('Not implemented');
+  }
+
+  async createContext(clientInfo: ClientInfo): Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> {
+    testDebug(`create browser context (${this._logName})`);
+    const browser = await this._obtainBrowser(clientInfo);
+    const browserContext = await this._doCreateContext(browser);
+    return { browserContext, close: () => this._closeBrowserContext(browserContext, browser) };
+  }
+
+  protected async _doCreateContext(browser: playwright.Browser): Promise<playwright.BrowserContext> {
+    throw new Error('Not implemented');
+  }
+
+  private async _closeBrowserContext(browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, browser: playwright.Browser) {
+    testDebug(`close browser context (${this._logName})`);
+    if (browser.contexts().length === 1)
+      this._browserPromise = undefined;
+    await browserContext.close().catch(logUnhandledError);
+    if (browser.contexts().length === 0) {
+      testDebug(`close browser (${this._logName})`);
+      await browser.close().catch(logUnhandledError);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+class IsolatedContextFactory extends BaseContextFactory {
+  constructor(config: FullConfig) {
+    super('isolated', config);
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doObtainBrowser(clientInfo: ClientInfo): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    await injectCdpPort(this.config.browser);
+    const browserType = playwright[this.config.browser.browserName];
+    return browserType.launch({
+      tracesDir: await startTraceServer(this.config, clientInfo.rootPath),
+      ...this.config.browser.launchOptions,
+      handleSIGINT: false,
+      handleSIGTERM: false,
+    }).catch(error => {
+      if (error.message.includes('Executable doesn\'t exist'))
+        throw new Error(`Browser specified in your config is not installed. Either install it (likely) or change the config.`);
+      throw error;
+    });
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doCreateContext(browser: playwright.Browser): Promise<playwright.BrowserContext> {
+    return browser.newContext(this.config.browser.contextOptions);
+  }
+}
+
+class CdpContextFactory extends BaseContextFactory {
+  constructor(config: FullConfig) {
+    super('cdp', config);
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doObtainBrowser(): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    return playwright.chromium.connectOverCDP(this.config.browser.cdpEndpoint!);
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doCreateContext(browser: playwright.Browser): Promise<playwright.BrowserContext> {
+    return this.config.browser.isolated ? await browser.newContext() : browser.contexts()[0];
+  }
+}
+
+class RemoteContextFactory extends BaseContextFactory {
+  constructor(config: FullConfig) {
+    super('remote', config);
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doObtainBrowser(): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    const url = new URL(this.config.browser.remoteEndpoint!);
+    url.searchParams.set('browser', this.config.browser.browserName);
+    if (this.config.browser.launchOptions)
+      url.searchParams.set('launch-options', JSON.stringify(this.config.browser.launchOptions));
+    return playwright[this.config.browser.browserName].connect(String(url));
+  }
+
+  protected override async _doCreateContext(browser: playwright.Browser): Promise<playwright.BrowserContext> {
+    return browser.newContext();
+  }
+}
+
+class PersistentContextFactory implements BrowserContextFactory {
+  readonly config: FullConfig;
+  readonly name = 'persistent';
+  readonly description = 'Create a new persistent browser context';
+
+  private _userDataDirs = new Set<string>();
+
+  constructor(config: FullConfig) {
+    this.config = config;
+  }
+
+  async createContext(clientInfo: ClientInfo): Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> {
+    await injectCdpPort(this.config.browser);
+    testDebug('create browser context (persistent)');
+    const userDataDir = this.config.browser.userDataDir ?? await this._createUserDataDir(clientInfo.rootPath);
+    const tracesDir = await startTraceServer(this.config, clientInfo.rootPath);
+
+    this._userDataDirs.add(userDataDir);
+    testDebug('lock user data dir', userDataDir);
+
+    const browserType = playwright[this.config.browser.browserName];
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      try {
+        const browserContext = await browserType.launchPersistentContext(userDataDir, {
+          tracesDir,
+          ...this.config.browser.launchOptions,
+          ...this.config.browser.contextOptions,
+          handleSIGINT: false,
+          handleSIGTERM: false,
+        });
+        const close = () => this._closeBrowserContext(browserContext, userDataDir);
+        return { browserContext, close };
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        if (error.message.includes('Executable doesn\'t exist'))
+          throw new Error(`Browser specified in your config is not installed. Either install it (likely) or change the config.`);
+        if (error.message.includes('ProcessSingleton') || error.message.includes('Invalid URL')) {
+          // User data directory is already in use, try again.
+          await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
+          continue;
+        }
+        throw error;
+      }
+    }
+    throw new Error(`Browser is already in use for ${userDataDir}, use --isolated to run multiple instances of the same browser`);
+  }
+
+  private async _closeBrowserContext(browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, userDataDir: string) {
+    testDebug('close browser context (persistent)');
+    testDebug('release user data dir', userDataDir);
+    await browserContext.close().catch(() => {});
+    this._userDataDirs.delete(userDataDir);
+    testDebug('close browser context complete (persistent)');
+  }
+
+  private async _createUserDataDir(rootPath: string | undefined) {
+    const dir = process.env.PWMCP_PROFILES_DIR_FOR_TEST ?? registryDirectory;
+    const browserToken = this.config.browser.launchOptions?.channel ?? this.config.browser?.browserName;
+    // Hesitant putting hundreds of files into the user's workspace, so using it for hashing instead.
+    const rootPathToken = rootPath ? `-${createHash(rootPath)}` : '';
+    const result = path.join(dir, `mcp-${browserToken}${rootPathToken}`);
+    await fs.promises.mkdir(result, { recursive: true });
+    return result;
+  }
+}
+
+async function injectCdpPort(browserConfig: FullConfig['browser']) {
+  if (browserConfig.browserName === 'chromium')
+    (browserConfig.launchOptions as any).cdpPort = await findFreePort();
+}
+
+async function findFreePort(): Promise<number> {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const server = net.createServer();
+    server.listen(0, () => {
+      const { port } = server.address() as net.AddressInfo;
+      server.close(() => resolve(port));
+    });
+    server.on('error', reject);
+  });
+}
+
+async function startTraceServer(config: FullConfig, rootPath: string | undefined): Promise<string | undefined> {
+  if (!config.saveTrace)
+    return undefined;
+
+  const tracesDir = await outputFile(config, rootPath, `traces-${Date.now()}`);
+  const server = await startTraceViewerServer();
+  const urlPrefix = server.urlPrefix('human-readable');
+  const url = urlPrefix + '/trace/index.html?trace=' + tracesDir + '/trace.json';
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+  console.error('\nTrace viewer listening on ' + url);
+  return tracesDir;
+}

src/browserServerBackend.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import { FullConfig } from './config.js';
+import { Context } from './context.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from './utils/log.js';
+import { Response } from './response.js';
+import { SessionLog } from './sessionLog.js';
+import { filteredTools } from './tools.js';
+import { toMcpTool } from './mcp/tool.js';
+
+import type { Tool } from './tools/tool.js';
+import type { BrowserContextFactory } from './browserContextFactory.js';
+import type * as mcpServer from './mcp/server.js';
+import type { ServerBackend } from './mcp/server.js';
+
+export class BrowserServerBackend implements ServerBackend {
+  private _tools: Tool[];
+  private _context: Context | undefined;
+  private _sessionLog: SessionLog | undefined;
+  private _config: FullConfig;
+  private _browserContextFactory: BrowserContextFactory;
+
+  constructor(config: FullConfig, factory: BrowserContextFactory) {
+    this._config = config;
+    this._browserContextFactory = factory;
+    this._tools = filteredTools(config);
+  }
+
+  async initialize(server: mcpServer.Server, clientVersion: mcpServer.ClientVersion, roots: mcpServer.Root[]): Promise<void> {
+    let rootPath: string | undefined;
+    if (roots.length > 0) {
+      const firstRootUri = roots[0]?.uri;
+      const url = firstRootUri ? new URL(firstRootUri) : undefined;
+      rootPath = url ? fileURLToPath(url) : undefined;
+    }
+    this._sessionLog = this._config.saveSession ? await SessionLog.create(this._config, rootPath) : undefined;
+    this._context = new Context({
+      tools: this._tools,
+      config: this._config,
+      browserContextFactory: this._browserContextFactory,
+      sessionLog: this._sessionLog,
+      clientInfo: { ...clientVersion, rootPath },
+    });
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<mcpServer.Tool[]> {
+    return this._tools.map(tool => toMcpTool(tool.schema));
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, rawArguments: mcpServer.CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']) {
+    const tool = this._tools.find(tool => tool.schema.name === name)!;
+    if (!tool)
+      throw new Error(`Tool "${name}" not found`);
+    const parsedArguments = tool.schema.inputSchema.parse(rawArguments || {});
+    const context = this._context!;
+    const response = new Response(context, name, parsedArguments);
+    context.setRunningTool(name);
+    try {
+      await tool.handle(context, parsedArguments, response);
+      await response.finish();
+      this._sessionLog?.logResponse(response);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      response.addError(String(error));
+    } finally {
+      context.setRunningTool(undefined);
+    }
+    return response.serialize();
+  }
+
+  serverClosed() {
+    void this._context?.dispose().catch(logUnhandledError);
+  }
+}

src/config.ts

@@ -15,21 +15,20 @@
  */
 
 import fs from 'fs';
-import net from 'net';
 import os from 'os';
 import path from 'path';
 import { devices } from 'playwright';
+import { sanitizeForFilePath } from './utils/fileUtils.js';
 
 import type { Config, ToolCapability } from '../config.js';
 import type { BrowserContextOptions, LaunchOptions } from 'playwright';
-import { sanitizeForFilePath } from './tools/utils.js';
 
 export type CLIOptions = {
   allowedOrigins?: string[];
   blockedOrigins?: string[];
   blockServiceWorkers?: boolean;
   browser?: string;
-  caps?: string;
+  caps?: string[];
   cdpEndpoint?: string;
   config?: string;
   device?: string;
@@ -38,20 +37,21 @@ export type CLIOptions = {
   host?: string;
   ignoreHttpsErrors?: boolean;
   isolated?: boolean;
-  imageResponses: boolean;
-  sandbox: boolean;
+  imageResponses?: 'allow' | 'omit';
+  sandbox?: boolean;
   outputDir?: string;
   port?: number;
   proxyBypass?: string;
   proxyServer?: string;
+  saveSession?: boolean;
+  saveTrace?: boolean;
   storageState?: string;
   userAgent?: string;
   userDataDir?: string;
   viewportSize?: string;
-  vision?: boolean;
 };
 
-const defaultConfig: Config = {
+const defaultConfig: FullConfig = {
   browser: {
     browserName: 'chromium',
     launchOptions: {
@@ -67,16 +67,40 @@ const defaultConfig: Config = {
     allowedOrigins: undefined,
     blockedOrigins: undefined,
   },
+  server: {},
+  saveTrace: false,
 };
 
-export async function resolveConfig(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Config> {
-  const config = await loadConfig(cliOptions.config);
-  const cliOverrides = await configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions);
-  return mergeConfig(defaultConfig, mergeConfig(config, cliOverrides));
+type BrowserUserConfig = NonNullable<Config['browser']>;
+
+export type FullConfig = Config & {
+  browser: Omit<BrowserUserConfig, 'browserName'> & {
+    browserName: 'chromium' | 'firefox' | 'webkit';
+    launchOptions: NonNullable<BrowserUserConfig['launchOptions']>;
+    contextOptions: NonNullable<BrowserUserConfig['contextOptions']>;
+  },
+  network: NonNullable<Config['network']>,
+  saveTrace: boolean;
+  server: NonNullable<Config['server']>,
+};
+
+export async function resolveConfig(config: Config): Promise<FullConfig> {
+  return mergeConfig(defaultConfig, config);
 }
 
-export async function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Config> {
-  let browserName: 'chromium' | 'firefox' | 'webkit';
+export async function resolveCLIConfig(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<FullConfig> {
+  const configInFile = await loadConfig(cliOptions.config);
+  const envOverrides = configFromEnv();
+  const cliOverrides = configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions);
+  let result = defaultConfig;
+  result = mergeConfig(result, configInFile);
+  result = mergeConfig(result, envOverrides);
+  result = mergeConfig(result, cliOverrides);
+  return result;
+}
+
+export function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Config {
+  let browserName: 'chromium' | 'firefox' | 'webkit' | undefined;
   let channel: string | undefined;
   switch (cliOptions.browser) {
     case 'chrome':
@@ -97,9 +121,6 @@ export async function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Conf
     case 'webkit':
       browserName = 'webkit';
       break;
-    default:
-      browserName = 'chromium';
-      channel = 'chrome';
   }
 
   // Launch options
@@ -109,13 +130,9 @@ export async function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Conf
     headless: cliOptions.headless,
   };
 
-  if (browserName === 'chromium') {
-    (launchOptions as any).cdpPort = await findFreePort();
-    if (!cliOptions.sandbox) {
-      // --no-sandbox was passed, disable the sandbox
-      launchOptions.chromiumSandbox = false;
-    }
-  }
+  // --no-sandbox was passed, disable the sandbox
+  if (cliOptions.sandbox === false)
+    launchOptions.chromiumSandbox = false;
 
   if (cliOptions.proxyServer) {
     launchOptions.proxy = {
@@ -125,6 +142,9 @@ export async function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Conf
       launchOptions.proxy.bypass = cliOptions.proxyBypass;
   }
 
+  if (cliOptions.device && cliOptions.cdpEndpoint)
+    throw new Error('Device emulation is not supported with cdpEndpoint.');
+
   // Context options
   const contextOptions: BrowserContextOptions = cliOptions.device ? devices[cliOptions.device] : {};
   if (cliOptions.storageState)
@@ -163,32 +183,48 @@ export async function configFromCLIOptions(cliOptions: CLIOptions): Promise<Conf
       port: cliOptions.port,
       host: cliOptions.host,
     },
-    capabilities: cliOptions.caps?.split(',').map((c: string) => c.trim() as ToolCapability),
-    vision: !!cliOptions.vision,
+    capabilities: cliOptions.caps as ToolCapability[],
     network: {
       allowedOrigins: cliOptions.allowedOrigins,
       blockedOrigins: cliOptions.blockedOrigins,
     },
+    saveSession: cliOptions.saveSession,
+    saveTrace: cliOptions.saveTrace,
     outputDir: cliOptions.outputDir,
+    imageResponses: cliOptions.imageResponses,
   };
 
-  if (!cliOptions.imageResponses) {
-    // --no-image-responses was passed, disable image responses
-    result.noImageResponses = true;
-  }
-
   return result;
 }
 
-async function findFreePort() {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    const server = net.createServer();
-    server.listen(0, () => {
-      const { port } = server.address() as net.AddressInfo;
-      server.close(() => resolve(port));
-    });
-    server.on('error', reject);
-  });
+function configFromEnv(): Config {
+  const options: CLIOptions = {};
+  options.allowedOrigins = semicolonSeparatedList(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS);
+  options.blockedOrigins = semicolonSeparatedList(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BLOCKED_ORIGINS);
+  options.blockServiceWorkers = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BLOCK_SERVICE_WORKERS);
+  options.browser = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BROWSER);
+  options.caps = commaSeparatedList(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CAPS);
+  options.cdpEndpoint = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CDP_ENDPOINT);
+  options.config = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CONFIG);
+  options.device = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_DEVICE);
+  options.executablePath = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_EXECUTABLE_PATH);
+  options.headless = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_HEADLESS);
+  options.host = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_HOST);
+  options.ignoreHttpsErrors = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_IGNORE_HTTPS_ERRORS);
+  options.isolated = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ISOLATED);
+  if (process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_IMAGE_RESPONSES === 'omit')
+    options.imageResponses = 'omit';
+  options.sandbox = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SANDBOX);
+  options.outputDir = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_OUTPUT_DIR);
+  options.port = envToNumber(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_PORT);
+  options.proxyBypass = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_PROXY_BYPASS);
+  options.proxyServer = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_PROXY_SERVER);
+  options.saveTrace = envToBoolean(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SAVE_TRACE);
+  options.storageState = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_STORAGE_STATE);
+  options.userAgent = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_USER_AGENT);
+  options.userDataDir = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_USER_DATA_DIR);
+  options.viewportSize = envToString(process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_VIEWPORT_SIZE);
+  return configFromCLIOptions(options);
 }
 
 async function loadConfig(configFile: string | undefined): Promise<Config> {
@@ -202,11 +238,14 @@ async function loadConfig(configFile: string | undefined): Promise<Config> {
   }
 }
 
-export async function outputFile(config: Config, name: string): Promise<string> {
-  const result = config.outputDir ?? os.tmpdir();
-  await fs.promises.mkdir(result, { recursive: true });
+export async function outputFile(config: FullConfig, rootPath: string | undefined, name: string): Promise<string> {
+  const outputDir = config.outputDir
+    ?? (rootPath ? path.join(rootPath, '.playwright-mcp') : undefined)
+    ?? path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'playwright-mcp-output', sanitizeForFilePath(new Date().toISOString()));
+
+  await fs.promises.mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true });
   const fileName = sanitizeForFilePath(name);
-  return path.join(result, fileName);
+  return path.join(outputDir, fileName);
 }
 
 function pickDefined<T extends object>(obj: T | undefined): Partial<T> {
@@ -215,10 +254,12 @@ function pickDefined<T extends object>(obj: T | undefined): Partial<T> {
   ) as Partial<T>;
 }
 
-function mergeConfig(base: Config, overrides: Config): Config {
-  const browser: Config['browser'] = {
+function mergeConfig(base: FullConfig, overrides: Config): FullConfig {
+  const browser: FullConfig['browser'] = {
     ...pickDefined(base.browser),
     ...pickDefined(overrides.browser),
+    browserName: overrides.browser?.browserName ?? base.browser?.browserName ?? 'chromium',
+    isolated: overrides.browser?.isolated ?? base.browser?.isolated ?? false,
     launchOptions: {
       ...pickDefined(base.browser?.launchOptions),
       ...pickDefined(overrides.browser?.launchOptions),
@@ -241,5 +282,39 @@ function mergeConfig(base: Config, overrides: Config): Config {
       ...pickDefined(base.network),
       ...pickDefined(overrides.network),
     },
-  };
+    server: {
+      ...pickDefined(base.server),
+      ...pickDefined(overrides.server),
+    },
+  } as FullConfig;
+}
+
+export function semicolonSeparatedList(value: string | undefined): string[] | undefined {
+  if (!value)
+    return undefined;
+  return value.split(';').map(v => v.trim());
+}
+
+export function commaSeparatedList(value: string | undefined): string[] | undefined {
+  if (!value)
+    return undefined;
+  return value.split(',').map(v => v.trim());
+}
+
+function envToNumber(value: string | undefined): number | undefined {
+  if (!value)
+    return undefined;
+  return +value;
+}
+
+function envToBoolean(value: string | undefined): boolean | undefined {
+  if (value === 'true' || value === '1')
+    return true;
+  if (value === 'false' || value === '0')
+    return false;
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+function envToString(value: string | undefined): string | undefined {
+  return value ? value.trim() : undefined;
 }

src/connection.ts

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
-import { CallToolRequestSchema, ListToolsRequestSchema, Tool as McpTool } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
-import { zodToJsonSchema } from 'zod-to-json-schema';
-
-import { Context, packageJSON } from './context.js';
-import { snapshotTools, visionTools } from './tools.js';
-
-import type { Config } from '../config.js';
-import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
-
-export async function createConnection(config: Config): Promise<Connection> {
-  const allTools = config.vision ? visionTools : snapshotTools;
-  const tools = allTools.filter(tool => !config.capabilities || tool.capability === 'core' || config.capabilities.includes(tool.capability));
-
-  const context = new Context(tools, config);
-  const server = new Server({ name: 'Playwright', version: packageJSON.version }, {
-    capabilities: {
-      tools: {},
-    }
-  });
-
-  server.setRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema, async () => {
-    return {
-      tools: tools.map(tool => ({
-        name: tool.schema.name,
-        description: tool.schema.description,
-        inputSchema: zodToJsonSchema(tool.schema.inputSchema),
-        annotations: {
-          title: tool.schema.title,
-          readOnlyHint: tool.schema.type === 'readOnly',
-          destructiveHint: tool.schema.type === 'destructive',
-          openWorldHint: true,
-        },
-      })) as McpTool[],
-    };
-  });
-
-  server.setRequestHandler(CallToolRequestSchema, async request => {
-    const errorResult = (...messages: string[]) => ({
-      content: [{ type: 'text', text: messages.join('\n') }],
-      isError: true,
-    });
-    const tool = tools.find(tool => tool.schema.name === request.params.name);
-    if (!tool)
-      return errorResult(`Tool "${request.params.name}" not found`);
-
-
-    const modalStates = context.modalStates().map(state => state.type);
-    if (tool.clearsModalState && !modalStates.includes(tool.clearsModalState))
-      return errorResult(`The tool "${request.params.name}" can only be used when there is related modal state present.`, ...context.modalStatesMarkdown());
-    if (!tool.clearsModalState && modalStates.length)
-      return errorResult(`Tool "${request.params.name}" does not handle the modal state.`, ...context.modalStatesMarkdown());
-
-    try {
-      return await context.run(tool, request.params.arguments);
-    } catch (error) {
-      return errorResult(String(error));
-    }
-  });
-
-  const connection = new Connection(server, context);
-  return connection;
-}
-
-export class Connection {
-  readonly server: Server;
-  readonly context: Context;
-
-  constructor(server: Server, context: Context) {
-    this.server = server;
-    this.context = context;
-  }
-
-  async connect(transport: Transport) {
-    await this.server.connect(transport);
-    await new Promise<void>(resolve => {
-      this.server.oninitialized = () => resolve();
-    });
-    if (this.server.getClientVersion()?.name.includes('cursor'))
-      this.context.config.noImageResponses = true;
-  }
-
-  async close() {
-    await this.server.close();
-    await this.context.close();
-  }
-}

src/context.ts

@@ -14,76 +14,71 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import fs from 'node:fs';
-import url from 'node:url';
-import os from 'node:os';
-import path from 'node:path';
-
+import debug from 'debug';
 import * as playwright from 'playwright';
 
-import { waitForCompletion } from './tools/utils.js';
-import { ManualPromise } from './manualPromise.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from './utils/log.js';
 import { Tab } from './tab.js';
+import { outputFile  } from './config.js';
 
-import type { ImageContent, TextContent } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
-import type { ModalState, Tool, ToolActionResult } from './tools/tool.js';
-import type { Config } from '../config.js';
-import { outputFile } from './config.js';
+import type { FullConfig } from './config.js';
+import type { Tool } from './tools/tool.js';
+import type { BrowserContextFactory, ClientInfo } from './browserContextFactory.js';
+import type * as actions from './actions.js';
+import type { SessionLog } from './sessionLog.js';
 
-type PendingAction = {
-  dialogShown: ManualPromise<void>;
-};
+const testDebug = debug('pw:mcp:test');
 
-type BrowserContextAndBrowser = {
-  browser?: playwright.Browser;
-  browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext;
+type ContextOptions = {
+  tools: Tool[];
+  config: FullConfig;
+  browserContextFactory: BrowserContextFactory;
+  sessionLog: SessionLog | undefined;
+  clientInfo: ClientInfo;
 };
 
 export class Context {
   readonly tools: Tool[];
-  readonly config: Config;
-  private _browserContextPromise: Promise<BrowserContextAndBrowser> | undefined;
+  readonly config: FullConfig;
+  readonly sessionLog: SessionLog | undefined;
+  readonly options: ContextOptions;
+  private _browserContextPromise: Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> | undefined;
+  private _browserContextFactory: BrowserContextFactory;
   private _tabs: Tab[] = [];
   private _currentTab: Tab | undefined;
-  private _modalStates: (ModalState & { tab: Tab })[] = [];
-  private _pendingAction: PendingAction | undefined;
-  private _downloads: { download: playwright.Download, finished: boolean, outputFile: string }[] = [];
+  private _clientInfo: ClientInfo;
 
-  constructor(tools: Tool[], config: Config) {
-    this.tools = tools;
-    this.config = config;
+  private static _allContexts: Set<Context> = new Set();
+  private _closeBrowserContextPromise: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  private _runningToolName: string | undefined;
+  private _abortController = new AbortController();
+
+  constructor(options: ContextOptions) {
+    this.tools = options.tools;
+    this.config = options.config;
+    this.sessionLog = options.sessionLog;
+    this.options = options;
+    this._browserContextFactory = options.browserContextFactory;
+    this._clientInfo = options.clientInfo;
+    testDebug('create context');
+    Context._allContexts.add(this);
   }
 
-  modalStates(): ModalState[] {
-    return this._modalStates;
-  }
-
-  setModalState(modalState: ModalState, inTab: Tab) {
-    this._modalStates.push({ ...modalState, tab: inTab });
-  }
-
-  clearModalState(modalState: ModalState) {
-    this._modalStates = this._modalStates.filter(state => state !== modalState);
-  }
-
-  modalStatesMarkdown(): string[] {
-    const result: string[] = ['### Modal state'];
-    if (this._modalStates.length === 0)
-      result.push('- There is no modal state present');
-    for (const state of this._modalStates) {
-      const tool = this.tools.find(tool => tool.clearsModalState === state.type);
-      result.push(`- [${state.description}]: can be handled by the "${tool?.schema.name}" tool`);
-    }
-    return result;
+  static async disposeAll() {
+    await Promise.all([...Context._allContexts].map(context => context.dispose()));
   }
 
   tabs(): Tab[] {
     return this._tabs;
   }
 
+  currentTab(): Tab | undefined {
+    return this._currentTab;
+  }
+
   currentTabOrDie(): Tab {
     if (!this._currentTab)
-      throw new Error('No current snapshot available. Capture a snapshot of navigate to a new location first.');
+      throw new Error('No open pages available. Use the "browser_navigate" tool to navigate to a page first.');
     return this._currentTab;
   }
 
@@ -95,8 +90,12 @@ export class Context {
   }
 
   async selectTab(index: number) {
-    this._currentTab = this._tabs[index - 1];
-    await this._currentTab.page.bringToFront();
+    const tab = this._tabs[index];
+    if (!tab)
+      throw new Error(`Tab ${index} not found`);
+    await tab.page.bringToFront();
+    this._currentTab = tab;
+    return tab;
   }
 
   async ensureTab(): Promise<Tab> {
@@ -106,158 +105,17 @@ export class Context {
     return this._currentTab!;
   }
 
-  async listTabsMarkdown(): Promise<string> {
-    if (!this._tabs.length)
-      return '### No tabs open';
-    const lines: string[] = ['### Open tabs'];
-    for (let i = 0; i < this._tabs.length; i++) {
-      const tab = this._tabs[i];
-      const title = await tab.page.title();
-      const url = tab.page.url();
-      const current = tab === this._currentTab ? ' (current)' : '';
-      lines.push(`- ${i + 1}:${current} [${title}] (${url})`);
-    }
-    return lines.join('\n');
+  async closeTab(index: number | undefined): Promise<string> {
+    const tab = index === undefined ? this._currentTab : this._tabs[index];
+    if (!tab)
+      throw new Error(`Tab ${index} not found`);
+    const url = tab.page.url();
+    await tab.page.close();
+    return url;
   }
 
-  async closeTab(index: number | undefined) {
-    const tab = index === undefined ? this._currentTab : this._tabs[index - 1];
-    await tab?.page.close();
-    return await this.listTabsMarkdown();
-  }
-
-  async run(tool: Tool, params: Record<string, unknown> | undefined) {
-    // Tab management is done outside of the action() call.
-    const toolResult = await tool.handle(this, tool.schema.inputSchema.parse(params || {}));
-    const { code, action, waitForNetwork, captureSnapshot, resultOverride } = toolResult;
-    const racingAction = action ? () => this._raceAgainstModalDialogs(action) : undefined;
-
-    if (resultOverride)
-      return resultOverride;
-
-    if (!this._currentTab) {
-      return {
-        content: [{
-          type: 'text',
-          text: 'No open pages available. Use the "browser_navigate" tool to navigate to a page first.',
-        }],
-      };
-    }
-
-    const tab = this.currentTabOrDie();
-    // TODO: race against modal dialogs to resolve clicks.
-    let actionResult: { content?: (ImageContent | TextContent)[] } | undefined;
-    try {
-      if (waitForNetwork)
-        actionResult = await waitForCompletion(this, tab.page, async () => racingAction?.()) ?? undefined;
-      else
-        actionResult = await racingAction?.() ?? undefined;
-    } finally {
-      if (captureSnapshot && !this._javaScriptBlocked())
-        await tab.captureSnapshot();
-    }
-
-    const result: string[] = [];
-    result.push(`- Ran Playwright code:
-\`\`\`js
-${code.join('\n')}
-\`\`\`
-`);
-
-    if (this.modalStates().length) {
-      result.push(...this.modalStatesMarkdown());
-      return {
-        content: [{
-          type: 'text',
-          text: result.join('\n'),
-        }],
-      };
-    }
-
-    if (this._downloads.length) {
-      result.push('', '### Downloads');
-      for (const entry of this._downloads) {
-        if (entry.finished)
-          result.push(`- Downloaded file ${entry.download.suggestedFilename()} to ${entry.outputFile}`);
-        else
-          result.push(`- Downloading file ${entry.download.suggestedFilename()} ...`);
-      }
-      result.push('');
-    }
-
-    if (this.tabs().length > 1)
-      result.push(await this.listTabsMarkdown(), '');
-
-    if (this.tabs().length > 1)
-      result.push('### Current tab');
-
-    result.push(
-        `- Page URL: ${tab.page.url()}`,
-        `- Page Title: ${await tab.page.title()}`
-    );
-
-    if (captureSnapshot && tab.hasSnapshot())
-      result.push(tab.snapshotOrDie().text());
-
-    const content = actionResult?.content ?? [];
-
-    return {
-      content: [
-        ...content,
-        {
-          type: 'text',
-          text: result.join('\n'),
-        }
-      ],
-    };
-  }
-
-  async waitForTimeout(time: number) {
-    if (this._currentTab && !this._javaScriptBlocked())
-      await this._currentTab.page.evaluate(() => new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, 1000)));
-    else
-      await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, time));
-  }
-
-  private async _raceAgainstModalDialogs(action: () => Promise<ToolActionResult>): Promise<ToolActionResult> {
-    this._pendingAction = {
-      dialogShown: new ManualPromise(),
-    };
-
-    let result: ToolActionResult | undefined;
-    try {
-      await Promise.race([
-        action().then(r => result = r),
-        this._pendingAction.dialogShown,
-      ]);
-    } finally {
-      this._pendingAction = undefined;
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  private _javaScriptBlocked(): boolean {
-    return this._modalStates.some(state => state.type === 'dialog');
-  }
-
-  dialogShown(tab: Tab, dialog: playwright.Dialog) {
-    this.setModalState({
-      type: 'dialog',
-      description: `"${dialog.type()}" dialog with message "${dialog.message()}"`,
-      dialog,
-    }, tab);
-    this._pendingAction?.dialogShown.resolve();
-  }
-
-  async downloadStarted(tab: Tab, download: playwright.Download) {
-    const entry = {
-      download,
-      finished: false,
-      outputFile: await outputFile(this.config, download.suggestedFilename())
-    };
-    this._downloads.push(entry);
-    await download.saveAs(entry.outputFile);
-    entry.finished = true;
+  async outputFile(name: string): Promise<string> {
+    return outputFile(this.config, this._clientInfo.rootPath, name);
   }
 
   private _onPageCreated(page: playwright.Page) {
@@ -268,7 +126,6 @@ ${code.join('\n')}
   }
 
   private _onPageClosed(tab: Tab) {
-    this._modalStates = this._modalStates.filter(state => state.tab !== tab);
     const index = this._tabs.indexOf(tab);
     if (index === -1)
       return;
@@ -277,23 +134,46 @@ ${code.join('\n')}
     if (this._currentTab === tab)
       this._currentTab = this._tabs[Math.min(index, this._tabs.length - 1)];
     if (!this._tabs.length)
-      void this.close();
+      void this.closeBrowserContext();
   }
 
-  async close() {
+  async closeBrowserContext() {
+    if (!this._closeBrowserContextPromise)
+      this._closeBrowserContextPromise = this._closeBrowserContextImpl().catch(logUnhandledError);
+    await this._closeBrowserContextPromise;
+    this._closeBrowserContextPromise = undefined;
+  }
+
+  isRunningTool() {
+    return this._runningToolName !== undefined;
+  }
+
+  setRunningTool(name: string | undefined) {
+    this._runningToolName = name;
+  }
+
+  private async _closeBrowserContextImpl() {
     if (!this._browserContextPromise)
       return;
 
+    testDebug('close context');
+
     const promise = this._browserContextPromise;
     this._browserContextPromise = undefined;
 
-    await promise.then(async ({ browserContext, browser }) => {
-      await browserContext.close().then(async () => {
-        await browser?.close();
-      }).catch(() => {});
+    await promise.then(async ({ browserContext, close }) => {
+      if (this.config.saveTrace)
+        await browserContext.tracing.stop();
+      await close();
     });
   }
 
+  async dispose() {
+    this._abortController.abort('MCP context disposed');
+    await this.closeBrowserContext();
+    Context._allContexts.delete(this);
+  }
+
   private async _setupRequestInterception(context: playwright.BrowserContext) {
     if (this.config.network?.allowedOrigins?.length) {
       await context.route('**', route => route.abort('blockedbyclient'));
@@ -318,85 +198,79 @@ ${code.join('\n')}
     return this._browserContextPromise;
   }
 
-  private async _setupBrowserContext(): Promise<BrowserContextAndBrowser> {
-    const { browser, browserContext } = await this._createBrowserContext();
+  private async _setupBrowserContext(): Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> {
+    if (this._closeBrowserContextPromise)
+      throw new Error('Another browser context is being closed.');
+    // TODO: move to the browser context factory to make it based on isolation mode.
+    const result = await this._browserContextFactory.createContext(this._clientInfo, this._abortController.signal, this._runningToolName);
+    const { browserContext } = result;
     await this._setupRequestInterception(browserContext);
+    if (this.sessionLog)
+      await InputRecorder.create(this, browserContext);
     for (const page of browserContext.pages())
       this._onPageCreated(page);
     browserContext.on('page', page => this._onPageCreated(page));
-    return { browser, browserContext };
-  }
-
-  private async _createBrowserContext(): Promise<BrowserContextAndBrowser> {
-    if (this.config.browser?.remoteEndpoint) {
-      const url = new URL(this.config.browser?.remoteEndpoint);
-      if (this.config.browser.browserName)
-        url.searchParams.set('browser', this.config.browser.browserName);
-      if (this.config.browser.launchOptions)
-        url.searchParams.set('launch-options', JSON.stringify(this.config.browser.launchOptions));
-      const browser = await playwright[this.config.browser?.browserName ?? 'chromium'].connect(String(url));
-      const browserContext = await browser.newContext();
-      return { browser, browserContext };
+    if (this.config.saveTrace) {
+      await browserContext.tracing.start({
+        name: 'trace',
+        screenshots: false,
+        snapshots: true,
+        sources: false,
+      });
     }
-
-    if (this.config.browser?.cdpEndpoint) {
-      const browser = await playwright.chromium.connectOverCDP(this.config.browser.cdpEndpoint);
-      const browserContext = this.config.browser.isolated ? await browser.newContext() : browser.contexts()[0];
-      return { browser, browserContext };
-    }
-
-    return this.config.browser?.isolated ?
-      await createIsolatedContext(this.config.browser) :
-      await launchPersistentContext(this.config.browser);
+    return result;
   }
 }
 
-async function createIsolatedContext(browserConfig: Config['browser']): Promise<BrowserContextAndBrowser> {
-  try {
-    const browserName = browserConfig?.browserName ?? 'chromium';
-    const browserType = playwright[browserName];
-    const browser = await browserType.launch(browserConfig?.launchOptions);
-    const browserContext = await browser.newContext(browserConfig?.contextOptions);
-    return { browser, browserContext };
-  } catch (error: any) {
-    if (error.message.includes('Executable doesn\'t exist'))
-      throw new Error(`Browser specified in your config is not installed. Either install it (likely) or change the config.`);
-    throw error;
+export class InputRecorder {
+  private _context: Context;
+  private _browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext;
+
+  private constructor(context: Context, browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext) {
+    this._context = context;
+    this._browserContext = browserContext;
+  }
+
+  static async create(context: Context, browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext) {
+    const recorder = new InputRecorder(context, browserContext);
+    await recorder._initialize();
+    return recorder;
+  }
+
+  private async _initialize() {
+    const sessionLog = this._context.sessionLog!;
+    await (this._browserContext as any)._enableRecorder({
+      mode: 'recording',
+      recorderMode: 'api',
+    }, {
+      actionAdded: (page: playwright.Page, data: actions.ActionInContext, code: string) => {
+        if (this._context.isRunningTool())
+          return;
+        const tab = Tab.forPage(page);
+        if (tab)
+          sessionLog.logUserAction(data.action, tab, code, false);
+      },
+      actionUpdated: (page: playwright.Page, data: actions.ActionInContext, code: string) => {
+        if (this._context.isRunningTool())
+          return;
+        const tab = Tab.forPage(page);
+        if (tab)
+          sessionLog.logUserAction(data.action, tab, code, true);
+      },
+      signalAdded: (page: playwright.Page, data: actions.SignalInContext) => {
+        if (this._context.isRunningTool())
+          return;
+        if (data.signal.name !== 'navigation')
+          return;
+        const tab = Tab.forPage(page);
+        const navigateAction: actions.Action = {
+          name: 'navigate',
+          url: data.signal.url,
+          signals: [],
+        };
+        if (tab)
+          sessionLog.logUserAction(navigateAction, tab, `await page.goto('${data.signal.url}');`, false);
+      },
+    });
   }
 }
-
-async function launchPersistentContext(browserConfig: Config['browser']): Promise<BrowserContextAndBrowser> {
-  try {
-    const browserName = browserConfig?.browserName ?? 'chromium';
-    const userDataDir = browserConfig?.userDataDir ?? await createUserDataDir({ ...browserConfig, browserName });
-    const browserType = playwright[browserName];
-    const browserContext = await browserType.launchPersistentContext(userDataDir, { ...browserConfig?.launchOptions, ...browserConfig?.contextOptions });
-    return { browserContext };
-  } catch (error: any) {
-    if (error.message.includes('Executable doesn\'t exist'))
-      throw new Error(`Browser specified in your config is not installed. Either install it (likely) or change the config.`);
-    throw error;
-  }
-}
-
-async function createUserDataDir(browserConfig: Config['browser']) {
-  let cacheDirectory: string;
-  if (process.platform === 'linux')
-    cacheDirectory = process.env.XDG_CACHE_HOME || path.join(os.homedir(), '.cache');
-  else if (process.platform === 'darwin')
-    cacheDirectory = path.join(os.homedir(), 'Library', 'Caches');
-  else if (process.platform === 'win32')
-    cacheDirectory = process.env.LOCALAPPDATA || path.join(os.homedir(), 'AppData', 'Local');
-  else
-    throw new Error('Unsupported platform: ' + process.platform);
-  const result = path.join(cacheDirectory, 'ms-playwright', `mcp-${browserConfig?.launchOptions?.channel ?? browserConfig?.browserName}-profile`);
-  await fs.promises.mkdir(result, { recursive: true });
-  return result;
-}
-
-export async function generateLocator(locator: playwright.Locator): Promise<string> {
-  return (locator as any)._generateLocatorString();
-}
-
-const __filename = url.fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
-export const packageJSON = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(path.dirname(__filename), '..', 'package.json'), 'utf8'));

src/extension/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[*]
+../mcp/
+../utils/

src/extension/cdpRelay.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * WebSocket server that bridges Playwright MCP and Chrome Extension
+ *
+ * Endpoints:
+ * - /cdp/guid - Full CDP interface for Playwright MCP
+ * - /extension/guid - Extension connection for chrome.debugger forwarding
+ */
+
+import { spawn } from 'child_process';
+import http from 'http';
+import debug from 'debug';
+import { WebSocket, WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
+import { httpAddressToString } from '../mcp/http.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from '../utils/log.js';
+import { ManualPromise } from '../mcp/manualPromise.js';
+import { packageJSON } from '../utils/package.js';
+
+import type websocket from 'ws';
+import type { ClientInfo } from '../browserContextFactory.js';
+
+// @ts-ignore
+const { registry } = await import('playwright-core/lib/server/registry/index');
+
+const debugLogger = debug('pw:mcp:relay');
+
+type CDPCommand = {
+  id: number;
+  sessionId?: string;
+  method: string;
+  params?: any;
+};
+
+type CDPResponse = {
+  id?: number;
+  sessionId?: string;
+  method?: string;
+  params?: any;
+  result?: any;
+  error?: { code?: number; message: string };
+};
+
+export class CDPRelayServer {
+  private _wsHost: string;
+  private _browserChannel: string;
+  private _userDataDir?: string;
+  private _cdpPath: string;
+  private _extensionPath: string;
+  private _wss: WebSocketServer;
+  private _playwrightConnection: WebSocket | null = null;
+  private _extensionConnection: ExtensionConnection | null = null;
+  private _connectedTabInfo: {
+    targetInfo: any;
+    // Page sessionId that should be used by this connection.
+    sessionId: string;
+  } | undefined;
+  private _nextSessionId: number = 1;
+  private _extensionConnectionPromise!: ManualPromise<void>;
+
+  constructor(server: http.Server, browserChannel: string, userDataDir?: string) {
+    this._wsHost = httpAddressToString(server.address()).replace(/^http/, 'ws');
+    this._browserChannel = browserChannel;
+    this._userDataDir = userDataDir;
+
+    const uuid = crypto.randomUUID();
+    this._cdpPath = `/cdp/${uuid}`;
+    this._extensionPath = `/extension/${uuid}`;
+
+    this._resetExtensionConnection();
+    this._wss = new WebSocketServer({ server });
+    this._wss.on('connection', this._onConnection.bind(this));
+  }
+
+  cdpEndpoint() {
+    return `${this._wsHost}${this._cdpPath}`;
+  }
+
+  extensionEndpoint() {
+    return `${this._wsHost}${this._extensionPath}`;
+  }
+
+  async ensureExtensionConnectionForMCPContext(clientInfo: ClientInfo, abortSignal: AbortSignal, toolName: string | undefined) {
+    debugLogger('Ensuring extension connection for MCP context');
+    if (this._extensionConnection)
+      return;
+    this._connectBrowser(clientInfo, toolName);
+    debugLogger('Waiting for incoming extension connection');
+    await Promise.race([
+      this._extensionConnectionPromise,
+      new Promise((_, reject) => setTimeout(() => {
+        reject(new Error(`Extension connection timeout. Make sure the "Playwright MCP Bridge" extension is installed. See https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/blob/main/extension/README.md for installation instructions.`));
+      }, process.env.PWMCP_TEST_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT ? parseInt(process.env.PWMCP_TEST_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 10) : 5_000)),
+      new Promise((_, reject) => abortSignal.addEventListener('abort', reject))
+    ]);
+    debugLogger('Extension connection established');
+  }
+
+  private _connectBrowser(clientInfo: ClientInfo, toolName: string | undefined) {
+    const mcpRelayEndpoint = `${this._wsHost}${this._extensionPath}`;
+    // Need to specify "key" in the manifest.json to make the id stable when loading from file.
+    const url = new URL('chrome-extension://jakfalbnbhgkpmoaakfflhflbfpkailf/connect.html');
+    url.searchParams.set('mcpRelayUrl', mcpRelayEndpoint);
+    const client = {
+      name: clientInfo.name,
+      version: clientInfo.version,
+    };
+    url.searchParams.set('client', JSON.stringify(client));
+    url.searchParams.set('pwMcpVersion', packageJSON.version);
+    if (toolName)
+      url.searchParams.set('newTab', String(toolName === 'browser_navigate'));
+    const href = url.toString();
+    const executableInfo = registry.findExecutable(this._browserChannel);
+    if (!executableInfo)
+      throw new Error(`Unsupported channel: "${this._browserChannel}"`);
+    const executablePath = executableInfo.executablePath();
+    if (!executablePath)
+      throw new Error(`"${this._browserChannel}" executable not found. Make sure it is installed at a standard location.`);
+
+    const args: string[] = [];
+    if (this._userDataDir)
+      args.push(`--user-data-dir=${this._userDataDir}`);
+    args.push(href);
+
+    spawn(executablePath, args, {
+      windowsHide: true,
+      detached: true,
+      shell: false,
+      stdio: 'ignore',
+    });
+  }
+
+  stop(): void {
+    this.closeConnections('Server stopped');
+    this._wss.close();
+  }
+
+  closeConnections(reason: string) {
+    this._closePlaywrightConnection(reason);
+    this._closeExtensionConnection(reason);
+  }
+
+  private _onConnection(ws: WebSocket, request: http.IncomingMessage): void {
+    const url = new URL(`http://localhost${request.url}`);
+    debugLogger(`New connection to ${url.pathname}`);
+    if (url.pathname === this._cdpPath) {
+      this._handlePlaywrightConnection(ws);
+    } else if (url.pathname === this._extensionPath) {
+      this._handleExtensionConnection(ws);
+    } else {
+      debugLogger(`Invalid path: ${url.pathname}`);
+      ws.close(4004, 'Invalid path');
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _handlePlaywrightConnection(ws: WebSocket): void {
+    if (this._playwrightConnection) {
+      debugLogger('Rejecting second Playwright connection');
+      ws.close(1000, 'Another CDP client already connected');
+      return;
+    }
+    this._playwrightConnection = ws;
+    ws.on('message', async data => {
+      try {
+        const message = JSON.parse(data.toString());
+        await this._handlePlaywrightMessage(message);
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        debugLogger(`Error while handling Playwright message\n${data.toString()}\n`, error);
+      }
+    });
+    ws.on('close', () => {
+      if (this._playwrightConnection !== ws)
+        return;
+      this._playwrightConnection = null;
+      this._closeExtensionConnection('Playwright client disconnected');
+      debugLogger('Playwright WebSocket closed');
+    });
+    ws.on('error', error => {
+      debugLogger('Playwright WebSocket error:', error);
+    });
+    debugLogger('Playwright MCP connected');
+  }
+
+  private _closeExtensionConnection(reason: string) {
+    this._extensionConnection?.close(reason);
+    this._extensionConnectionPromise.reject(new Error(reason));
+    this._resetExtensionConnection();
+  }
+
+  private _resetExtensionConnection() {
+    this._connectedTabInfo = undefined;
+    this._extensionConnection = null;
+    this._extensionConnectionPromise = new ManualPromise();
+    void this._extensionConnectionPromise.catch(logUnhandledError);
+  }
+
+  private _closePlaywrightConnection(reason: string) {
+    if (this._playwrightConnection?.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN)
+      this._playwrightConnection.close(1000, reason);
+    this._playwrightConnection = null;
+  }
+
+  private _handleExtensionConnection(ws: WebSocket): void {
+    if (this._extensionConnection) {
+      ws.close(1000, 'Another extension connection already established');
+      return;
+    }
+    this._extensionConnection = new ExtensionConnection(ws);
+    this._extensionConnection.onclose = (c, reason) => {
+      debugLogger('Extension WebSocket closed:', reason, c === this._extensionConnection);
+      if (this._extensionConnection !== c)
+        return;
+      this._resetExtensionConnection();
+      this._closePlaywrightConnection(`Extension disconnected: ${reason}`);
+    };
+    this._extensionConnection.onmessage = this._handleExtensionMessage.bind(this);
+    this._extensionConnectionPromise.resolve();
+  }
+
+  private _handleExtensionMessage(method: string, params: any) {
+    switch (method) {
+      case 'forwardCDPEvent':
+        const sessionId = params.sessionId || this._connectedTabInfo?.sessionId;
+        this._sendToPlaywright({
+          sessionId,
+          method: params.method,
+          params: params.params
+        });
+        break;
+      case 'detachedFromTab':
+        debugLogger('← Debugger detached from tab:', params);
+        this._connectedTabInfo = undefined;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _handlePlaywrightMessage(message: CDPCommand): Promise<void> {
+    debugLogger('← Playwright:', `${message.method} (id=${message.id})`);
+    const { id, sessionId, method, params } = message;
+    try {
+      const result = await this._handleCDPCommand(method, params, sessionId);
+      this._sendToPlaywright({ id, sessionId, result });
+    } catch (e) {
+      debugLogger('Error in the extension:', e);
+      this._sendToPlaywright({
+        id,
+        sessionId,
+        error: { message: (e as Error).message }
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _handleCDPCommand(method: string, params: any, sessionId: string | undefined): Promise<any> {
+    switch (method) {
+      case 'Browser.getVersion': {
+        return {
+          protocolVersion: '1.3',
+          product: 'Chrome/Extension-Bridge',
+          userAgent: 'CDP-Bridge-Server/1.0.0',
+        };
+      }
+      case 'Browser.setDownloadBehavior': {
+        return { };
+      }
+      case 'Target.setAutoAttach': {
+        // Forward child session handling.
+        if (sessionId)
+          break;
+        // Simulate auto-attach behavior with real target info
+        const { targetInfo } = await this._extensionConnection!.send('attachToTab');
+        this._connectedTabInfo = {
+          targetInfo,
+          sessionId: `pw-tab-${this._nextSessionId++}`,
+        };
+        debugLogger('Simulating auto-attach');
+        this._sendToPlaywright({
+          method: 'Target.attachedToTarget',
+          params: {
+            sessionId: this._connectedTabInfo.sessionId,
+            targetInfo: {
+              ...this._connectedTabInfo.targetInfo,
+              attached: true,
+            },
+            waitingForDebugger: false
+          }
+        });
+        return { };
+      }
+      case 'Target.getTargetInfo': {
+        return this._connectedTabInfo?.targetInfo;
+      }
+    }
+    return await this._forwardToExtension(method, params, sessionId);
+  }
+
+  private async _forwardToExtension(method: string, params: any, sessionId: string | undefined): Promise<any> {
+    if (!this._extensionConnection)
+      throw new Error('Extension not connected');
+    // Top level sessionId is only passed between the relay and the client.
+    if (this._connectedTabInfo?.sessionId === sessionId)
+      sessionId = undefined;
+    return await this._extensionConnection.send('forwardCDPCommand', { sessionId, method, params });
+  }
+
+  private _sendToPlaywright(message: CDPResponse): void {
+    debugLogger('→ Playwright:', `${message.method ?? `response(id=${message.id})`}`);
+    this._playwrightConnection?.send(JSON.stringify(message));
+  }
+}
+
+type ExtensionResponse = {
+  id?: number;
+  method?: string;
+  params?: any;
+  result?: any;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+class ExtensionConnection {
+  private readonly _ws: WebSocket;
+  private readonly _callbacks = new Map<number, { resolve: (o: any) => void, reject: (e: Error) => void, error: Error }>();
+  private _lastId = 0;
+
+  onmessage?: (method: string, params: any) => void;
+  onclose?: (self: ExtensionConnection, reason: string) => void;
+
+  constructor(ws: WebSocket) {
+    this._ws = ws;
+    this._ws.on('message', this._onMessage.bind(this));
+    this._ws.on('close', this._onClose.bind(this));
+    this._ws.on('error', this._onError.bind(this));
+  }
+
+  async send(method: string, params?: any, sessionId?: string): Promise<any> {
+    if (this._ws.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN)
+      throw new Error(`Unexpected WebSocket state: ${this._ws.readyState}`);
+    const id = ++this._lastId;
+    this._ws.send(JSON.stringify({ id, method, params, sessionId }));
+    const error = new Error(`Protocol error: ${method}`);
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      this._callbacks.set(id, { resolve, reject, error });
+    });
+  }
+
+  close(message: string) {
+    debugLogger('closing extension connection:', message);
+    if (this._ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN)
+      this._ws.close(1000, message);
+  }
+
+  private _onMessage(event: websocket.RawData) {
+    const eventData = event.toString();
+    let parsedJson;
+    try {
+      parsedJson = JSON.parse(eventData);
+    } catch (e: any) {
+      debugLogger(`<closing ws> Closing websocket due to malformed JSON. eventData=${eventData} e=${e?.message}`);
+      this._ws.close();
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      this._handleParsedMessage(parsedJson);
+    } catch (e: any) {
+      debugLogger(`<closing ws> Closing websocket due to failed onmessage callback. eventData=${eventData} e=${e?.message}`);
+      this._ws.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _handleParsedMessage(object: ExtensionResponse) {
+    if (object.id && this._callbacks.has(object.id)) {
+      const callback = this._callbacks.get(object.id)!;
+      this._callbacks.delete(object.id);
+      if (object.error) {
+        const error = callback.error;
+        error.message = object.error;
+        callback.reject(error);
+      } else {
+        callback.resolve(object.result);
+      }
+    } else if (object.id) {
+      debugLogger('← Extension: unexpected response', object);
+    } else {
+      this.onmessage?.(object.method!, object.params);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _onClose(event: websocket.CloseEvent) {
+    debugLogger(`<ws closed> code=${event.code} reason=${event.reason}`);
+    this._dispose();
+    this.onclose?.(this, event.reason);
+  }
+
+  private _onError(event: websocket.ErrorEvent) {
+    debugLogger(`<ws error> message=${event.message} type=${event.type} target=${event.target}`);
+    this._dispose();
+  }
+
+  private _dispose() {
+    for (const callback of this._callbacks.values())
+      callback.reject(new Error('WebSocket closed'));
+    this._callbacks.clear();
+  }
+}

src/extension/extensionContextFactory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+import * as playwright from 'playwright';
+import { startHttpServer } from '../mcp/http.js';
+import { CDPRelayServer } from './cdpRelay.js';
+
+import type { BrowserContextFactory, ClientInfo } from '../browserContextFactory.js';
+
+const debugLogger = debug('pw:mcp:relay');
+
+export class ExtensionContextFactory implements BrowserContextFactory {
+  private _browserChannel: string;
+  private _userDataDir?: string;
+
+  constructor(browserChannel: string, userDataDir: string | undefined) {
+    this._browserChannel = browserChannel;
+    this._userDataDir = userDataDir;
+  }
+
+  async createContext(clientInfo: ClientInfo, abortSignal: AbortSignal, toolName: string | undefined): Promise<{ browserContext: playwright.BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> {
+    const browser = await this._obtainBrowser(clientInfo, abortSignal, toolName);
+    return {
+      browserContext: browser.contexts()[0],
+      close: async () => {
+        debugLogger('close() called for browser context');
+        await browser.close();
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  private async _obtainBrowser(clientInfo: ClientInfo, abortSignal: AbortSignal, toolName: string | undefined): Promise<playwright.Browser> {
+    const relay = await this._startRelay(abortSignal);
+    await relay.ensureExtensionConnectionForMCPContext(clientInfo, abortSignal, toolName);
+    return await playwright.chromium.connectOverCDP(relay.cdpEndpoint());
+  }
+
+  private async _startRelay(abortSignal: AbortSignal) {
+    const httpServer = await startHttpServer({});
+    if (abortSignal.aborted) {
+      httpServer.close();
+      throw new Error(abortSignal.reason);
+    }
+    const cdpRelayServer = new CDPRelayServer(httpServer, this._browserChannel, this._userDataDir);
+    abortSignal.addEventListener('abort', () => cdpRelayServer.stop());
+    debugLogger(`CDP relay server started, extension endpoint: ${cdpRelayServer.extensionEndpoint()}.`);
+    return cdpRelayServer;
+  }
+}

src/index.ts

@@ -14,10 +14,38 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import { Connection, createConnection as createConnectionImpl } from './connection.js';
+import { BrowserServerBackend } from './browserServerBackend.js';
+import { resolveConfig } from './config.js';
+import { contextFactory } from './browserContextFactory.js';
+import * as mcpServer from './mcp/server.js';
+import { packageJSON } from './utils/package.js';
 
 import type { Config } from '../config.js';
+import type { BrowserContext } from 'playwright';
+import type { BrowserContextFactory } from './browserContextFactory.js';
+import type { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
 
-export async function createConnection(config: Config = {}): Promise<Connection> {
-  return createConnectionImpl(config);
+export async function createConnection(userConfig: Config = {}, contextGetter?: () => Promise<BrowserContext>): Promise<Server> {
+  const config = await resolveConfig(userConfig);
+  const factory = contextGetter ? new SimpleBrowserContextFactory(contextGetter) : contextFactory(config);
+  return mcpServer.createServer('Playwright', packageJSON.version, new BrowserServerBackend(config, factory), false);
+}
+
+class SimpleBrowserContextFactory implements BrowserContextFactory {
+  name = 'custom';
+  description = 'Connect to a browser using a custom context getter';
+
+  private readonly _contextGetter: () => Promise<BrowserContext>;
+
+  constructor(contextGetter: () => Promise<BrowserContext>) {
+    this._contextGetter = contextGetter;
+  }
+
+  async createContext(): Promise<{ browserContext: BrowserContext, close: () => Promise<void> }> {
+    const browserContext = await this._contextGetter();
+    return {
+      browserContext,
+      close: () => browserContext.close()
+    };
+  }
 }

src/loop/loop.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+import type { Tool, ImageContent, TextContent } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import type { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+
+export type LLMToolCall = {
+  name: string;
+  arguments: any;
+  id: string;
+};
+
+export type LLMTool = {
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  inputSchema: any;
+};
+
+export type LLMMessage =
+  | { role: 'user'; content: string }
+  | { role: 'assistant'; content: string; toolCalls?: LLMToolCall[] }
+  | { role: 'tool'; toolCallId: string; content: string; isError?: boolean };
+
+export type LLMConversation = {
+  messages: LLMMessage[];
+  tools: LLMTool[];
+};
+
+export interface LLMDelegate {
+  createConversation(task: string, tools: Tool[], oneShot: boolean): LLMConversation;
+  makeApiCall(conversation: LLMConversation): Promise<LLMToolCall[]>;
+  addToolResults(conversation: LLMConversation, results: Array<{ toolCallId: string; content: string; isError?: boolean }>): void;
+  checkDoneToolCall(toolCall: LLMToolCall): string | null;
+}
+
+export async function runTask(delegate: LLMDelegate, client: Client, task: string, oneShot: boolean = false): Promise<LLMMessage[]> {
+  const { tools } = await client.listTools();
+  const taskContent = oneShot ? `Perform following task: ${task}.` : `Perform following task: ${task}. Once the task is complete, call the "done" tool.`;
+  const conversation = delegate.createConversation(taskContent, tools, oneShot);
+
+  for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 5; ++iteration) {
+    debug('history')('Making API call for iteration', iteration);
+    const toolCalls = await delegate.makeApiCall(conversation);
+    if (toolCalls.length === 0)
+      throw new Error('Call the "done" tool when the task is complete.');
+
+    const toolResults: Array<{ toolCallId: string; content: string; isError?: boolean }> = [];
+    for (const toolCall of toolCalls) {
+      const doneResult = delegate.checkDoneToolCall(toolCall);
+      if (doneResult !== null)
+        return conversation.messages;
+
+      const { name, arguments: args, id } = toolCall;
+      try {
+        debug('tool')(name, args);
+        const response = await client.callTool({
+          name,
+          arguments: args,
+        });
+        const responseContent = (response.content || []) as (TextContent | ImageContent)[];
+        debug('tool')(responseContent);
+        const text = responseContent.filter(part => part.type === 'text').map(part => part.text).join('\n');
+
+        toolResults.push({
+          toolCallId: id,
+          content: text,
+        });
+      } catch (error) {
+        debug('tool')(error);
+        toolResults.push({
+          toolCallId: id,
+          content: `Error while executing tool "${name}": ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}\n\nPlease try to recover and complete the task.`,
+          isError: true,
+        });
+
+        // Skip remaining tool calls for this iteration
+        for (const remainingToolCall of toolCalls.slice(toolCalls.indexOf(toolCall) + 1)) {
+          toolResults.push({
+            toolCallId: remainingToolCall.id,
+            content: `This tool call is skipped due to previous error.`,
+            isError: true,
+          });
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    delegate.addToolResults(conversation, toolResults);
+    if (oneShot)
+      return conversation.messages;
+  }
+
+  throw new Error('Failed to perform step, max attempts reached');
+}

src/loop/loopClaude.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import type Anthropic from '@anthropic-ai/sdk';
+import type { LLMDelegate, LLMConversation, LLMToolCall, LLMTool } from './loop.js';
+import type { Tool } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+const model = 'claude-sonnet-4-20250514';
+
+export class ClaudeDelegate implements LLMDelegate {
+  private _anthropic: Anthropic | undefined;
+
+  async anthropic(): Promise<Anthropic> {
+    if (!this._anthropic) {
+      const anthropic = await import('@anthropic-ai/sdk');
+      this._anthropic = new anthropic.Anthropic();
+    }
+    return this._anthropic;
+  }
+
+  createConversation(task: string, tools: Tool[], oneShot: boolean): LLMConversation {
+    const llmTools: LLMTool[] = tools.map(tool => ({
+      name: tool.name,
+      description: tool.description || '',
+      inputSchema: tool.inputSchema,
+    }));
+
+    if (!oneShot) {
+      llmTools.push({
+        name: 'done',
+        description: 'Call this tool when the task is complete.',
+        inputSchema: {
+          type: 'object',
+          properties: {},
+        },
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      messages: [{
+        role: 'user',
+        content: task
+      }],
+      tools: llmTools,
+    };
+  }
+
+  async makeApiCall(conversation: LLMConversation): Promise<LLMToolCall[]> {
+    // Convert generic messages to Claude format
+    const claudeMessages: Anthropic.Messages.MessageParam[] = [];
+
+    for (const message of conversation.messages) {
+      if (message.role === 'user') {
+        claudeMessages.push({
+          role: 'user',
+          content: message.content
+        });
+      } else if (message.role === 'assistant') {
+        const content: Anthropic.Messages.ContentBlock[] = [];
+
+        // Add text content
+        if (message.content) {
+          content.push({
+            type: 'text',
+            text: message.content,
+            citations: []
+          });
+        }
+
+        // Add tool calls
+        if (message.toolCalls) {
+          for (const toolCall of message.toolCalls) {
+            content.push({
+              type: 'tool_use',
+              id: toolCall.id,
+              name: toolCall.name,
+              input: toolCall.arguments
+            });
+          }
+        }
+
+        claudeMessages.push({
+          role: 'assistant',
+          content
+        });
+      } else if (message.role === 'tool') {
+        // Tool results are added differently - we need to find if there's already a user message with tool results
+        const lastMessage = claudeMessages[claudeMessages.length - 1];
+        const toolResult: Anthropic.Messages.ToolResultBlockParam = {
+          type: 'tool_result',
+          tool_use_id: message.toolCallId,
+          content: message.content,
+          is_error: message.isError,
+        };
+
+        if (lastMessage && lastMessage.role === 'user' && Array.isArray(lastMessage.content)) {
+          // Add to existing tool results message
+          (lastMessage.content as Anthropic.Messages.ToolResultBlockParam[]).push(toolResult);
+        } else {
+          // Create new tool results message
+          claudeMessages.push({
+            role: 'user',
+            content: [toolResult]
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Convert generic tools to Claude format
+    const claudeTools: Anthropic.Messages.Tool[] = conversation.tools.map(tool => ({
+      name: tool.name,
+      description: tool.description,
+      input_schema: tool.inputSchema,
+    }));
+
+    const anthropic = await this.anthropic();
+    const response = await anthropic.messages.create({
+      model,
+      max_tokens: 10000,
+      messages: claudeMessages,
+      tools: claudeTools,
+    });
+
+    // Extract tool calls and add assistant message to generic conversation
+    const toolCalls = response.content.filter(block => block.type === 'tool_use') as Anthropic.Messages.ToolUseBlock[];
+    const textContent = response.content.filter(block => block.type === 'text').map(block => (block as Anthropic.Messages.TextBlock).text).join('');
+
+    const llmToolCalls: LLMToolCall[] = toolCalls.map(toolCall => ({
+      name: toolCall.name,
+      arguments: toolCall.input as any,
+      id: toolCall.id,
+    }));
+
+    // Add assistant message to generic conversation
+    conversation.messages.push({
+      role: 'assistant',
+      content: textContent,
+      toolCalls: llmToolCalls.length > 0 ? llmToolCalls : undefined
+    });
+
+    return llmToolCalls;
+  }
+
+  addToolResults(
+    conversation: LLMConversation,
+    results: Array<{ toolCallId: string; content: string; isError?: boolean }>
+  ): void {
+    for (const result of results) {
+      conversation.messages.push({
+        role: 'tool',
+        toolCallId: result.toolCallId,
+        content: result.content,
+        isError: result.isError,
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  checkDoneToolCall(toolCall: LLMToolCall): string | null {
+    if (toolCall.name === 'done')
+      return (toolCall.arguments as { result: string }).result;
+
+    return null;
+  }
+}

src/loop/loopOpenAI.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import type OpenAI from 'openai';
+import type { LLMDelegate, LLMConversation, LLMToolCall, LLMTool } from './loop.js';
+import type { Tool } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+const model = 'gpt-4.1';
+
+export class OpenAIDelegate implements LLMDelegate {
+  private _openai: OpenAI | undefined;
+
+  async openai(): Promise<OpenAI> {
+    if (!this._openai) {
+      const oai = await import('openai');
+      this._openai = new oai.OpenAI();
+    }
+    return this._openai;
+  }
+
+  createConversation(task: string, tools: Tool[], oneShot: boolean): LLMConversation {
+    const genericTools: LLMTool[] = tools.map(tool => ({
+      name: tool.name,
+      description: tool.description || '',
+      inputSchema: tool.inputSchema,
+    }));
+
+    if (!oneShot) {
+      genericTools.push({
+        name: 'done',
+        description: 'Call this tool when the task is complete.',
+        inputSchema: {
+          type: 'object',
+          properties: {},
+        },
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      messages: [{
+        role: 'user',
+        content: task
+      }],
+      tools: genericTools,
+    };
+  }
+
+  async makeApiCall(conversation: LLMConversation): Promise<LLMToolCall[]> {
+    // Convert generic messages to OpenAI format
+    const openaiMessages: OpenAI.Chat.Completions.ChatCompletionMessageParam[] = [];
+
+    for (const message of conversation.messages) {
+      if (message.role === 'user') {
+        openaiMessages.push({
+          role: 'user',
+          content: message.content
+        });
+      } else if (message.role === 'assistant') {
+        const toolCalls: OpenAI.Chat.Completions.ChatCompletionMessageToolCall[] = [];
+
+        if (message.toolCalls) {
+          for (const toolCall of message.toolCalls) {
+            toolCalls.push({
+              id: toolCall.id,
+              type: 'function',
+              function: {
+                name: toolCall.name,
+                arguments: JSON.stringify(toolCall.arguments)
+              }
+            });
+          }
+        }
+
+        const assistantMessage: OpenAI.Chat.Completions.ChatCompletionAssistantMessageParam = {
+          role: 'assistant'
+        };
+
+        if (message.content)
+          assistantMessage.content = message.content;
+
+        if (toolCalls.length > 0)
+          assistantMessage.tool_calls = toolCalls;
+
+        openaiMessages.push(assistantMessage);
+      } else if (message.role === 'tool') {
+        openaiMessages.push({
+          role: 'tool',
+          tool_call_id: message.toolCallId,
+          content: message.content,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Convert generic tools to OpenAI format
+    const openaiTools: OpenAI.Chat.Completions.ChatCompletionTool[] = conversation.tools.map(tool => ({
+      type: 'function',
+      function: {
+        name: tool.name,
+        description: tool.description,
+        parameters: tool.inputSchema,
+      },
+    }));
+
+    const openai = await this.openai();
+    const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({
+      model,
+      messages: openaiMessages,
+      tools: openaiTools,
+      tool_choice: 'auto'
+    });
+
+    const message = response.choices[0].message;
+
+    // Extract tool calls and add assistant message to generic conversation
+    const toolCalls = message.tool_calls || [];
+    const genericToolCalls: LLMToolCall[] = toolCalls.map(toolCall => {
+      const functionCall = toolCall.function;
+      return {
+        name: functionCall.name,
+        arguments: JSON.parse(functionCall.arguments),
+        id: toolCall.id,
+      };
+    });
+
+    // Add assistant message to generic conversation
+    conversation.messages.push({
+      role: 'assistant',
+      content: message.content || '',
+      toolCalls: genericToolCalls.length > 0 ? genericToolCalls : undefined
+    });
+
+    return genericToolCalls;
+  }
+
+  addToolResults(
+    conversation: LLMConversation,
+    results: Array<{ toolCallId: string; content: string; isError?: boolean }>
+  ): void {
+    for (const result of results) {
+      conversation.messages.push({
+        role: 'tool',
+        toolCallId: result.toolCallId,
+        content: result.content,
+        isError: result.isError,
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  checkDoneToolCall(toolCall: LLMToolCall): string | null {
+    if (toolCall.name === 'done')
+      return toolCall.arguments.result;
+
+    return null;
+  }
+}

src/loop/main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/* eslint-disable no-console */
+
+import path from 'path';
+import url from 'url';
+import dotenv from 'dotenv';
+
+import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js';
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { program } from 'commander';
+import { OpenAIDelegate } from './loopOpenAI.js';
+import { ClaudeDelegate } from './loopClaude.js';
+import { runTask } from './loop.js';
+
+import type { LLMDelegate } from './loop.js';
+
+dotenv.config();
+
+const __filename = url.fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+
+async function run(delegate: LLMDelegate) {
+  const transport = new StdioClientTransport({
+    command: 'node',
+    args: [
+      path.resolve(__filename, '../../../cli.js'),
+      '--save-session',
+      '--output-dir', path.resolve(__filename, '../../../sessions')
+    ],
+    stderr: 'inherit',
+    env: process.env as Record<string, string>,
+  });
+
+  const client = new Client({ name: 'test', version: '1.0.0' });
+  await client.connect(transport);
+  await client.ping();
+
+  for (const task of tasks) {
+    const messages = await runTask(delegate, client, task);
+    for (const message of messages)
+      console.log(`${message.role}: ${message.content}`);
+  }
+  await client.close();
+}
+
+const tasks = [
+  'Open https://playwright.dev/',
+];
+
+program
+    .option('--model <model>', 'model to use')
+    .action(async options => {
+      if (options.model === 'claude')
+        await run(new ClaudeDelegate());
+      else
+        await run(new OpenAIDelegate());
+    });
+void program.parseAsync(process.argv);

src/loopTools/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[*]
+../
+../loop/
+../mcp/
+../utils/

src/loopTools/context.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { contextFactory } from '../browserContextFactory.js';
+import { BrowserServerBackend } from '../browserServerBackend.js';
+import { Context as BrowserContext } from '../context.js';
+import { runTask } from '../loop/loop.js';
+import { OpenAIDelegate } from '../loop/loopOpenAI.js';
+import { ClaudeDelegate } from '../loop/loopClaude.js';
+import { InProcessTransport } from '../mcp/inProcessTransport.js';
+import * as mcpServer from '../mcp/server.js';
+import { packageJSON } from '../utils/package.js';
+
+import type { LLMDelegate } from '../loop/loop.js';
+import type { FullConfig } from '../config.js';
+
+export class Context {
+  readonly config: FullConfig;
+  private _client: Client;
+  private _delegate: LLMDelegate;
+
+  constructor(config: FullConfig, client: Client) {
+    this.config = config;
+    this._client = client;
+    if (process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY)
+      this._delegate = new OpenAIDelegate();
+    else if (process.env.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY)
+      this._delegate = new ClaudeDelegate();
+    else
+      throw new Error('No LLM API key found. Please set OPENAI_API_KEY or ANTHROPIC_API_KEY environment variable.');
+  }
+
+  static async create(config: FullConfig) {
+    const client = new Client({ name: 'Playwright Proxy', version: packageJSON.version });
+    const browserContextFactory = contextFactory(config);
+    const server = mcpServer.createServer('Playwright Subagent', packageJSON.version, new BrowserServerBackend(config, browserContextFactory), false);
+    await client.connect(new InProcessTransport(server));
+    await client.ping();
+    return new Context(config, client);
+  }
+
+  async runTask(task: string, oneShot: boolean = false): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    const messages = await runTask(this._delegate, this._client!, task, oneShot);
+    const lines: string[] = [];
+
+    // Skip the first message, which is the user's task.
+    for (const message of messages.slice(1)) {
+      // Trim out all page snapshots.
+      if (!message.content.trim())
+        continue;
+      const index = oneShot ? -1 : message.content.indexOf('### Page state');
+      const trimmedContent = index === -1 ? message.content : message.content.substring(0, index);
+      lines.push(`[${message.role}]:`, trimmedContent);
+    }
+
+    return {
+      content: [{ type: 'text', text: lines.join('\n') }],
+    };
+  }
+
+  async close() {
+    await BrowserContext.disposeAll();
+  }
+}

src/loopTools/main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import dotenv from 'dotenv';
+
+import * as mcpServer from '../mcp/server.js';
+import { packageJSON } from '../utils/package.js';
+import { Context } from './context.js';
+import { perform } from './perform.js';
+import { snapshot } from './snapshot.js';
+import { toMcpTool } from '../mcp/tool.js';
+
+import type { FullConfig } from '../config.js';
+import type { ServerBackend } from '../mcp/server.js';
+import type { Tool } from './tool.js';
+
+export async function runLoopTools(config: FullConfig) {
+  dotenv.config();
+  const serverBackendFactory = {
+    name: 'Playwright',
+    nameInConfig: 'playwright-loop',
+    version: packageJSON.version,
+    create: () => new LoopToolsServerBackend(config)
+  };
+  await mcpServer.start(serverBackendFactory, config.server);
+}
+
+class LoopToolsServerBackend implements ServerBackend {
+  private _config: FullConfig;
+  private _context: Context | undefined;
+  private _tools: Tool<any>[] = [perform, snapshot];
+
+  constructor(config: FullConfig) {
+    this._config = config;
+  }
+
+  async initialize() {
+    this._context = await Context.create(this._config);
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<mcpServer.Tool[]> {
+    return this._tools.map(tool => toMcpTool(tool.schema));
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, args: mcpServer.CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    const tool = this._tools.find(tool => tool.schema.name === name)!;
+    const parsedArguments = tool.schema.inputSchema.parse(args || {});
+    return await tool.handle(this._context!, parsedArguments);
+  }
+
+  serverClosed() {
+    void this._context!.close();
+  }
+}

src/loopTools/perform.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
+
+const performSchema = z.object({
+  task: z.string().describe('The task to perform with the browser'),
+});
+
+export const perform = defineTool({
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_perform',
+    title: 'Perform a task with the browser',
+    description: 'Perform a task with the browser. It can click, type, export, capture screenshot, drag, hover, select options, etc.',
+    inputSchema: performSchema,
+    type: 'destructive',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (context, params) => {
+    return await context.runTask(params.task);
+  },
+});

src/loopTools/snapshot.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
+
+export const snapshot = defineTool({
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_snapshot',
+    title: 'Take a snapshot of the browser',
+    description: 'Take a snapshot of the browser to read what is on the page.',
+    inputSchema: z.object({}),
+    type: 'readOnly',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (context, params) => {
+    return await context.runTask('Capture browser snapshot', true);
+  },
+});

src/loopTools/tool.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import type { z } from 'zod';
+import type * as mcpServer from '../mcp/server.js';
+import type { Context } from './context.js';
+import type { ToolSchema } from '../mcp/tool.js';
+
+
+export type Tool<Input extends z.Schema = z.Schema> = {
+  schema: ToolSchema<Input>;
+  handle: (context: Context, params: z.output<Input>) => Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult>;
+};
+
+export function defineTool<Input extends z.Schema>(tool: Tool<Input>): Tool<Input> {
+  return tool;
+}

src/mcp/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[*]

src/mcp/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+- Generic MCP utils, no dependencies on anything.

src/mcp/http.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import assert from 'assert';
+import net from 'net';
+import http from 'http';
+import crypto from 'crypto';
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+
+import { SSEServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/sse.js';
+import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js';
+import * as mcpServer from './server.js';
+
+import type { ServerBackendFactory } from './server.js';
+
+const testDebug = debug('pw:mcp:test');
+
+export async function startHttpServer(config: { host?: string, port?: number }, abortSignal?: AbortSignal): Promise<http.Server> {
+  const { host, port } = config;
+  const httpServer = http.createServer();
+  decorateServer(httpServer);
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    httpServer.on('error', reject);
+    abortSignal?.addEventListener('abort', () => {
+      httpServer.close();
+      reject(new Error('Aborted'));
+    });
+    httpServer.listen(port, host, () => {
+      resolve();
+      httpServer.removeListener('error', reject);
+    });
+  });
+  return httpServer;
+}
+
+export function httpAddressToString(address: string | net.AddressInfo | null): string {
+  assert(address, 'Could not bind server socket');
+  if (typeof address === 'string')
+    return address;
+  const resolvedPort = address.port;
+  let resolvedHost = address.family === 'IPv4' ? address.address : `[${address.address}]`;
+  if (resolvedHost === '0.0.0.0' || resolvedHost === '[::]')
+    resolvedHost = 'localhost';
+  return `http://${resolvedHost}:${resolvedPort}`;
+}
+
+export async function installHttpTransport(httpServer: http.Server, serverBackendFactory: ServerBackendFactory) {
+  const sseSessions = new Map();
+  const streamableSessions = new Map();
+  httpServer.on('request', async (req, res) => {
+    const url = new URL(`http://localhost${req.url}`);
+    if (url.pathname.startsWith('/sse'))
+      await handleSSE(serverBackendFactory, req, res, url, sseSessions);
+    else
+      await handleStreamable(serverBackendFactory, req, res, streamableSessions);
+  });
+}
+
+async function handleSSE(serverBackendFactory: ServerBackendFactory, req: http.IncomingMessage, res: http.ServerResponse, url: URL, sessions: Map<string, SSEServerTransport>) {
+  if (req.method === 'POST') {
+    const sessionId = url.searchParams.get('sessionId');
+    if (!sessionId) {
+      res.statusCode = 400;
+      return res.end('Missing sessionId');
+    }
+
+    const transport = sessions.get(sessionId);
+    if (!transport) {
+      res.statusCode = 404;
+      return res.end('Session not found');
+    }
+
+    return await transport.handlePostMessage(req, res);
+  } else if (req.method === 'GET') {
+    const transport = new SSEServerTransport('/sse', res);
+    sessions.set(transport.sessionId, transport);
+    testDebug(`create SSE session: ${transport.sessionId}`);
+    await mcpServer.connect(serverBackendFactory, transport, false);
+    res.on('close', () => {
+      testDebug(`delete SSE session: ${transport.sessionId}`);
+      sessions.delete(transport.sessionId);
+    });
+    return;
+  }
+
+  res.statusCode = 405;
+  res.end('Method not allowed');
+}
+
+async function handleStreamable(serverBackendFactory: ServerBackendFactory, req: http.IncomingMessage, res: http.ServerResponse, sessions: Map<string, StreamableHTTPServerTransport>) {
+  const sessionId = req.headers['mcp-session-id'] as string | undefined;
+  if (sessionId) {
+    const transport = sessions.get(sessionId);
+    if (!transport) {
+      res.statusCode = 404;
+      res.end('Session not found');
+      return;
+    }
+    return await transport.handleRequest(req, res);
+  }
+
+  if (req.method === 'POST') {
+    const transport = new StreamableHTTPServerTransport({
+      sessionIdGenerator: () => crypto.randomUUID(),
+      onsessioninitialized: async sessionId => {
+        testDebug(`create http session: ${transport.sessionId}`);
+        await mcpServer.connect(serverBackendFactory, transport, true);
+        sessions.set(sessionId, transport);
+      }
+    });
+
+    transport.onclose = () => {
+      if (!transport.sessionId)
+        return;
+      sessions.delete(transport.sessionId);
+      testDebug(`delete http session: ${transport.sessionId}`);
+    };
+
+    await transport.handleRequest(req, res);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  res.statusCode = 400;
+  res.end('Invalid request');
+}
+
+function decorateServer(server: net.Server) {
+  const sockets = new Set<net.Socket>();
+  server.on('connection', socket => {
+    sockets.add(socket);
+    socket.once('close', () => sockets.delete(socket));
+  });
+
+  const close = server.close;
+  server.close = (callback?: (err?: Error) => void) => {
+    for (const socket of sockets)
+      socket.destroy();
+    sockets.clear();
+    return close.call(server, callback);
+  };
+}

src/mcp/inProcessTransport.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import type { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
+import type { Transport, TransportSendOptions } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+import type { JSONRPCMessage, MessageExtraInfo } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+export class InProcessTransport implements Transport {
+  private _server: Server;
+  private _serverTransport: InProcessServerTransport;
+  private _connected: boolean = false;
+
+  constructor(server: Server) {
+    this._server = server;
+    this._serverTransport = new InProcessServerTransport(this);
+  }
+
+  async start(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this._connected)
+      throw new Error('InprocessTransport already started!');
+
+    await this._server.connect(this._serverTransport);
+    this._connected = true;
+  }
+
+  async send(message: JSONRPCMessage, options?: TransportSendOptions): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this._connected)
+      throw new Error('Transport not connected');
+
+
+    this._serverTransport._receiveFromClient(message);
+  }
+
+  async close(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this._connected) {
+      this._connected = false;
+      this.onclose?.();
+      this._serverTransport.onclose?.();
+    }
+  }
+
+  onclose?: (() => void) | undefined;
+  onerror?: ((error: Error) => void) | undefined;
+  onmessage?: ((message: JSONRPCMessage, extra?: MessageExtraInfo) => void) | undefined;
+  sessionId?: string | undefined;
+  setProtocolVersion?: ((version: string) => void) | undefined;
+
+  _receiveFromServer(message: JSONRPCMessage, extra?: MessageExtraInfo): void {
+    this.onmessage?.(message, extra);
+  }
+}
+
+class InProcessServerTransport implements Transport {
+  private _clientTransport: InProcessTransport;
+
+  constructor(clientTransport: InProcessTransport) {
+    this._clientTransport = clientTransport;
+  }
+
+  async start(): Promise<void> {
+  }
+
+  async send(message: JSONRPCMessage, options?: TransportSendOptions): Promise<void> {
+    this._clientTransport._receiveFromServer(message);
+  }
+
+  async close(): Promise<void> {
+    this.onclose?.();
+  }
+
+  onclose?: (() => void) | undefined;
+  onerror?: ((error: Error) => void) | undefined;
+  onmessage?: ((message: JSONRPCMessage, extra?: MessageExtraInfo) => void) | undefined;
+  sessionId?: string | undefined;
+  setProtocolVersion?: ((version: string) => void) | undefined;
+  _receiveFromClient(message: JSONRPCMessage): void {
+    this.onmessage?.(message);
+  }
+}

src/mcp/mdb.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { PingRequestSchema } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import { StreamableHTTPClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js';
+import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js';
+
+import { defineToolSchema } from './tool.js';
+import * as mcpServer from './server.js';
+import * as mcpHttp from './http.js';
+import { wrapInProcess } from './server.js';
+import { ManualPromise } from './manualPromise.js';
+
+import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+
+const mdbDebug = debug('pw:mcp:mdb');
+const errorsDebug = debug('pw:mcp:errors');
+
+export class MDBBackend implements mcpServer.ServerBackend {
+  private _stack: { client: Client, toolNames: string[], resultPromise: ManualPromise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> | undefined }[] = [];
+  private _interruptPromise: ManualPromise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> | undefined;
+  private _topLevelBackend: mcpServer.ServerBackend;
+  private _initialized = false;
+
+  constructor(topLevelBackend: mcpServer.ServerBackend) {
+    this._topLevelBackend = topLevelBackend;
+  }
+
+  async initialize(server: mcpServer.Server): Promise<void> {
+    if (this._initialized)
+      return;
+    this._initialized = true;
+    const transport = await wrapInProcess(this._topLevelBackend);
+    await this._pushClient(transport);
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<mcpServer.Tool[]> {
+    const response = await this._client().listTools();
+    return response.tools;
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, args: mcpServer.CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    if (name === pushToolsSchema.name)
+      return await this._pushTools(pushToolsSchema.inputSchema.parse(args || {}));
+
+    const interruptPromise = new ManualPromise<mcpServer.CallToolResult>();
+    this._interruptPromise = interruptPromise;
+    let [entry] = this._stack;
+
+    // Pop the client while the tool is not found.
+    while (entry && !entry.toolNames.includes(name)) {
+      mdbDebug('popping client from stack for ', name);
+      this._stack.shift();
+      await entry.client.close();
+      entry = this._stack[0];
+    }
+    if (!entry)
+      throw new Error(`Tool ${name} not found in the tool stack`);
+
+    const resultPromise = new ManualPromise<mcpServer.CallToolResult>();
+    entry.resultPromise = resultPromise;
+
+    this._client().callTool({
+      name,
+      arguments: args,
+    }).then(result => {
+      resultPromise.resolve(result as mcpServer.CallToolResult);
+    }).catch(e => {
+      mdbDebug('error in client call', e);
+      if (this._stack.length < 2)
+        throw e;
+      this._stack.shift();
+      const prevEntry = this._stack[0];
+      void prevEntry.resultPromise!.then(result => resultPromise.resolve(result));
+    });
+    const result = await Promise.race([interruptPromise, resultPromise]);
+    if (interruptPromise.isDone())
+      mdbDebug('client call intercepted', result);
+    else
+      mdbDebug('client call result', result);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  private _client(): Client {
+    const [entry] = this._stack;
+    if (!entry)
+      throw new Error('No debugging backend available');
+    return entry.client;
+  }
+
+  private async _pushTools(params: { mcpUrl: string, introMessage?: string }): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    mdbDebug('pushing tools to the stack', params.mcpUrl);
+    const transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(new URL(params.mcpUrl));
+    await this._pushClient(transport, params.introMessage);
+    return { content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'Tools pushed' }] };
+  }
+
+  private async _pushClient(transport: Transport, introMessage?: string): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    mdbDebug('pushing client to the stack');
+    const client = new Client({ name: 'Internal client', version: '0.0.0' });
+    client.setRequestHandler(PingRequestSchema, () => ({}));
+    await client.connect(transport);
+    mdbDebug('connected to the new client');
+    const { tools } = await client.listTools();
+    this._stack.unshift({ client, toolNames: tools.map(tool => tool.name), resultPromise: undefined });
+    mdbDebug('new tools added to the stack:', tools.map(tool => tool.name));
+    mdbDebug('interrupting current call:', !!this._interruptPromise);
+    this._interruptPromise?.resolve({
+      content: [{
+        type: 'text',
+        text: introMessage || '',
+      }],
+    });
+    this._interruptPromise = undefined;
+    return { content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'Tools pushed' }] };
+  }
+}
+
+const pushToolsSchema = defineToolSchema({
+  name: 'mdb_push_tools',
+  title: 'Push MCP tools to the tools stack',
+  description: 'Push MCP tools to the tools stack',
+  inputSchema: z.object({
+    mcpUrl: z.string(),
+    introMessage: z.string().optional(),
+  }),
+  type: 'readOnly',
+});
+
+export type ServerBackendOnPause = mcpServer.ServerBackend & {
+  requestSelfDestruct?: () => void;
+};
+
+export async function runMainBackend(backendFactory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory, options?: { port?: number }): Promise<string | undefined> {
+  const mdbBackend = new MDBBackend(backendFactory.create());
+  // Start HTTP unconditionally.
+  const factory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory = {
+    ...backendFactory,
+    create: () => mdbBackend
+  };
+  const url = await startAsHttp(factory, { port: options?.port || 0 });
+  process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_DEBUGGER_MCP = url;
+
+  if (options?.port !== undefined)
+    return url;
+
+  // Start stdio conditionally.
+  await mcpServer.connect(factory, new StdioServerTransport(), false);
+}
+
+export async function runOnPauseBackendLoop(mdbUrl: string, backend: ServerBackendOnPause, introMessage: string) {
+  const wrappedBackend = new OnceTimeServerBackendWrapper(backend);
+
+  const factory = {
+    name: 'on-pause-backend',
+    nameInConfig: 'on-pause-backend',
+    version: '0.0.0',
+    create: () => wrappedBackend,
+  };
+
+  const httpServer = await mcpHttp.startHttpServer({ port: 0 });
+  await mcpHttp.installHttpTransport(httpServer, factory);
+  const url = mcpHttp.httpAddressToString(httpServer.address());
+
+  const client = new Client({ name: 'Internal client', version: '0.0.0' });
+  client.setRequestHandler(PingRequestSchema, () => ({}));
+  const transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(new URL(mdbUrl));
+  await client.connect(transport);
+
+  const pushToolsResult = await client.callTool({
+    name: pushToolsSchema.name,
+    arguments: {
+      mcpUrl: url,
+      introMessage,
+    },
+  });
+  if (pushToolsResult.isError)
+    errorsDebug('Failed to push tools', pushToolsResult.content);
+  await transport.terminateSession();
+  await client.close();
+
+  await wrappedBackend.waitForClosed();
+  httpServer.close();
+}
+
+async function startAsHttp(backendFactory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory, options: { port: number }) {
+  const httpServer = await mcpHttp.startHttpServer(options);
+  await mcpHttp.installHttpTransport(httpServer, backendFactory);
+  return mcpHttp.httpAddressToString(httpServer.address());
+}
+
+
+class OnceTimeServerBackendWrapper implements mcpServer.ServerBackend {
+  private _backend: ServerBackendOnPause;
+  private _selfDestructPromise = new ManualPromise<void>();
+
+  constructor(backend: ServerBackendOnPause) {
+    this._backend = backend;
+    this._backend.requestSelfDestruct = () => this._selfDestructPromise.resolve();
+  }
+
+  async initialize(server: mcpServer.Server, clientVersion: mcpServer.ClientVersion, roots: mcpServer.Root[]): Promise<void> {
+    await this._backend.initialize?.(server, clientVersion, roots);
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<mcpServer.Tool[]> {
+    return this._backend.listTools();
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, args: mcpServer.CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<mcpServer.CallToolResult> {
+    return this._backend.callTool(name, args);
+  }
+
+  serverClosed(server: mcpServer.Server) {
+    this._backend.serverClosed?.(server);
+    this._selfDestructPromise.resolve();
+  }
+
+  async waitForClosed() {
+    await this._selfDestructPromise;
+  }
+}

src/mcp/proxyBackend.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { zodToJsonSchema } from 'zod-to-json-schema';
+
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { ListRootsRequestSchema, PingRequestSchema } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+import type { ServerBackend, ClientVersion, Root, Server } from './server.js';
+import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+import type { Tool, CallToolResult, CallToolRequest } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+export type MCPProvider = {
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  connect(): Promise<Transport>;
+};
+
+const errorsDebug = debug('pw:mcp:errors');
+
+export class ProxyBackend implements ServerBackend {
+  private _mcpProviders: MCPProvider[];
+  private _currentClient: Client | undefined;
+  private _contextSwitchTool: Tool;
+  private _roots: Root[] = [];
+
+  constructor(mcpProviders: MCPProvider[]) {
+    this._mcpProviders = mcpProviders;
+    this._contextSwitchTool = this._defineContextSwitchTool();
+  }
+
+  async initialize(server: Server, clientVersion: ClientVersion, roots: Root[]): Promise<void> {
+    this._roots = roots;
+    await this._setCurrentClient(this._mcpProviders[0]);
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<Tool[]> {
+    const response = await this._currentClient!.listTools();
+    if (this._mcpProviders.length === 1)
+      return response.tools;
+    return [
+      ...response.tools,
+      this._contextSwitchTool,
+    ];
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, args: CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<CallToolResult> {
+    if (name === this._contextSwitchTool.name)
+      return this._callContextSwitchTool(args);
+    return await this._currentClient!.callTool({
+      name,
+      arguments: args,
+    }) as CallToolResult;
+  }
+
+  serverClosed?(): void {
+    void this._currentClient?.close().catch(errorsDebug);
+  }
+
+  private async _callContextSwitchTool(params: any): Promise<CallToolResult> {
+    try {
+      const factory = this._mcpProviders.find(factory => factory.name === params.name);
+      if (!factory)
+        throw new Error('Unknown connection method: ' + params.name);
+
+      await this._setCurrentClient(factory);
+      return {
+        content: [{ type: 'text', text: '### Result\nSuccessfully changed connection method.\n' }],
+      };
+    } catch (error) {
+      return {
+        content: [{ type: 'text', text: `### Result\nError: ${error}\n` }],
+        isError: true,
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  private _defineContextSwitchTool(): Tool {
+    return {
+      name: 'browser_connect',
+      description: [
+        'Connect to a browser using one of the available methods:',
+        ...this._mcpProviders.map(factory => `- "${factory.name}": ${factory.description}`),
+      ].join('\n'),
+      inputSchema: zodToJsonSchema(z.object({
+        name: z.enum(this._mcpProviders.map(factory => factory.name) as [string, ...string[]]).default(this._mcpProviders[0].name).describe('The method to use to connect to the browser'),
+      }), { strictUnions: true }) as Tool['inputSchema'],
+      annotations: {
+        title: 'Connect to a browser context',
+        readOnlyHint: true,
+        openWorldHint: false,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  private async _setCurrentClient(factory: MCPProvider) {
+    await this._currentClient?.close();
+    this._currentClient = undefined;
+
+    const client = new Client({ name: 'Playwright MCP Proxy', version: '0.0.0' });
+    client.registerCapabilities({
+      roots: {
+        listRoots: true,
+      },
+    });
+    client.setRequestHandler(ListRootsRequestSchema, () => ({ roots: this._roots }));
+    client.setRequestHandler(PingRequestSchema, () => ({}));
+
+    const transport = await factory.connect();
+    await client.connect(transport);
+    this._currentClient = client;
+  }
+}

src/mcp/server.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import debug from 'debug';
+
+import { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
+import { CallToolRequestSchema, ListToolsRequestSchema } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js';
+import { httpAddressToString, installHttpTransport, startHttpServer } from './http.js';
+import { InProcessTransport } from './inProcessTransport.js';
+
+import type { Tool, CallToolResult, CallToolRequest, Root } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+export type { Server } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js';
+export type { Tool, CallToolResult, CallToolRequest, Root } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+const serverDebug = debug('pw:mcp:server');
+const errorsDebug = debug('pw:mcp:errors');
+
+export type ClientVersion = { name: string, version: string };
+
+export interface ServerBackend {
+  initialize?(server: Server, clientVersion: ClientVersion, roots: Root[]): Promise<void>;
+  listTools(): Promise<Tool[]>;
+  callTool(name: string, args: CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<CallToolResult>;
+  serverClosed?(server: Server): void;
+}
+
+export type ServerBackendFactory = {
+  name: string;
+  nameInConfig: string;
+  version: string;
+  create: () => ServerBackend;
+};
+
+export async function connect(factory: ServerBackendFactory, transport: Transport, runHeartbeat: boolean) {
+  const server = createServer(factory.name, factory.version, factory.create(), runHeartbeat);
+  await server.connect(transport);
+}
+
+export async function wrapInProcess(backend: ServerBackend): Promise<Transport> {
+  const server = createServer('Internal', '0.0.0', backend, false);
+  return new InProcessTransport(server);
+}
+
+export function createServer(name: string, version: string, backend: ServerBackend, runHeartbeat: boolean): Server {
+  let initializedPromiseResolve = () => {};
+  const initializedPromise = new Promise<void>(resolve => initializedPromiseResolve = resolve);
+  const server = new Server({ name, version }, {
+    capabilities: {
+      tools: {},
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.setRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema, async () => {
+    serverDebug('listTools');
+    await initializedPromise;
+    const tools = await backend.listTools();
+    return { tools };
+  });
+
+  let heartbeatRunning = false;
+  server.setRequestHandler(CallToolRequestSchema, async request => {
+    serverDebug('callTool', request);
+    await initializedPromise;
+
+    if (runHeartbeat && !heartbeatRunning) {
+      heartbeatRunning = true;
+      startHeartbeat(server);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      return await backend.callTool(request.params.name, request.params.arguments || {});
+    } catch (error) {
+      return {
+        content: [{ type: 'text', text: '### Result\n' + String(error) }],
+        isError: true,
+      };
+    }
+  });
+  addServerListener(server, 'initialized', async () => {
+    try {
+      const capabilities = server.getClientCapabilities();
+      let clientRoots: Root[] = [];
+      if (capabilities?.roots) {
+        const { roots } = await server.listRoots(undefined, { timeout: 2_000 }).catch(() => ({ roots: [] }));
+        clientRoots = roots;
+      }
+      const clientVersion = server.getClientVersion() ?? { name: 'unknown', version: 'unknown' };
+      await backend.initialize?.(server, clientVersion, clientRoots);
+      initializedPromiseResolve();
+    } catch (e) {
+      errorsDebug(e);
+    }
+  });
+  addServerListener(server, 'close', () => backend.serverClosed?.(server));
+  return server;
+}
+
+const startHeartbeat = (server: Server) => {
+  const beat = () => {
+    Promise.race([
+      server.ping(),
+      new Promise((_, reject) => setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('ping timeout')), 5000)),
+    ]).then(() => {
+      setTimeout(beat, 3000);
+    }).catch(() => {
+      void server.close();
+    });
+  };
+
+  beat();
+};
+
+function addServerListener(server: Server, event: 'close' | 'initialized', listener: () => void) {
+  const oldListener = server[`on${event}`];
+  server[`on${event}`] = () => {
+    oldListener?.();
+    listener();
+  };
+}
+
+export async function start(serverBackendFactory: ServerBackendFactory, options: { host?: string; port?: number }) {
+  if (options.port === undefined) {
+    await connect(serverBackendFactory, new StdioServerTransport(), false);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const httpServer = await startHttpServer(options);
+  await installHttpTransport(httpServer, serverBackendFactory);
+  const url = httpAddressToString(httpServer.address());
+
+  const mcpConfig: any = { mcpServers: { } };
+  mcpConfig.mcpServers[serverBackendFactory.nameInConfig] = {
+    url: `${url}/mcp`
+  };
+  const message = [
+    `Listening on ${url}`,
+    'Put this in your client config:',
+    JSON.stringify(mcpConfig, undefined, 2),
+    'For legacy SSE transport support, you can use the /sse endpoint instead.',
+  ].join('\n');
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+  console.error(message);
+}

src/mcp/tool.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { zodToJsonSchema } from 'zod-to-json-schema';
+
+import type { z } from 'zod';
+import type * as mcpServer from './server.js';
+
+export type ToolSchema<Input extends z.Schema> = {
+  name: string;
+  title: string;
+  description: string;
+  inputSchema: Input;
+  type: 'readOnly' | 'destructive';
+};
+
+export function toMcpTool(tool: ToolSchema<any>): mcpServer.Tool {
+  return {
+    name: tool.name,
+    description: tool.description,
+    inputSchema: zodToJsonSchema(tool.inputSchema, { strictUnions: true }) as mcpServer.Tool['inputSchema'],
+    annotations: {
+      title: tool.title,
+      readOnlyHint: tool.type === 'readOnly',
+      destructiveHint: tool.type === 'destructive',
+      openWorldHint: true,
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export function defineToolSchema<Input extends z.Schema>(tool: ToolSchema<Input>): ToolSchema<Input> {
+  return tool;
+}

src/pageSnapshot.ts

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import * as playwright from 'playwright';
-
-export class PageSnapshot {
-  private _page: playwright.Page;
-  private _text!: string;
-
-  constructor(page: playwright.Page) {
-    this._page = page;
-  }
-
-  static async create(page: playwright.Page): Promise<PageSnapshot> {
-    const snapshot = new PageSnapshot(page);
-    await snapshot._build();
-    return snapshot;
-  }
-
-  text(): string {
-    return this._text;
-  }
-
-  private async _build() {
-    const yamlDocument = await (this._page as any)._snapshotForAI();
-    this._text = [
-      `- Page Snapshot`,
-      '```yaml',
-      yamlDocument.toString({ indentSeq: false }).trim(),
-      '```',
-    ].join('\n');
-  }
-
-  refLocator(ref: string): playwright.Locator {
-    return this._page.locator(`aria-ref=${ref}`);
-  }
-}

src/program.ts

@@ -14,13 +14,19 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import { program } from 'commander';
+import { program, Option } from 'commander';
+import * as mcpServer from './mcp/server.js';
+import { commaSeparatedList, resolveCLIConfig, semicolonSeparatedList } from './config.js';
+import { packageJSON } from './utils/package.js';
+import { Context } from './context.js';
+import { contextFactory } from './browserContextFactory.js';
+import { runLoopTools } from './loopTools/main.js';
+import { ProxyBackend } from './mcp/proxyBackend.js';
+import { BrowserServerBackend } from './browserServerBackend.js';
+import { ExtensionContextFactory } from './extension/extensionContextFactory.js';
 
-import { startHttpTransport, startStdioTransport } from './transport.js';
-import { resolveConfig } from './config.js';
-
-import type { Connection } from './connection.js';
-import { packageJSON } from './context.js';
+import { runVSCodeTools } from './vscode/host.js';
+import type { MCPProvider } from './mcp/proxyBackend.js';
 
 program
     .version('Version ' + packageJSON.version)
@@ -29,42 +35,106 @@ program
     .option('--blocked-origins <origins>', 'semicolon-separated list of origins to block the browser from requesting. Blocklist is evaluated before allowlist. If used without the allowlist, requests not matching the blocklist are still allowed.', semicolonSeparatedList)
     .option('--block-service-workers', 'block service workers')
     .option('--browser <browser>', 'browser or chrome channel to use, possible values: chrome, firefox, webkit, msedge.')
-    .option('--caps <caps>', 'comma-separated list of capabilities to enable, possible values: tabs, pdf, history, wait, files, install. Default is all.')
+    .option('--caps <caps>', 'comma-separated list of additional capabilities to enable, possible values: vision, pdf.', commaSeparatedList)
     .option('--cdp-endpoint <endpoint>', 'CDP endpoint to connect to.')
     .option('--config <path>', 'path to the configuration file.')
     .option('--device <device>', 'device to emulate, for example: "iPhone 15"')
     .option('--executable-path <path>', 'path to the browser executable.')
+    .option('--extension', 'Connect to a running browser instance (Edge/Chrome only). Requires the "Playwright MCP Bridge" browser extension to be installed.')
     .option('--headless', 'run browser in headless mode, headed by default')
     .option('--host <host>', 'host to bind server to. Default is localhost. Use 0.0.0.0 to bind to all interfaces.')
     .option('--ignore-https-errors', 'ignore https errors')
     .option('--isolated', 'keep the browser profile in memory, do not save it to disk.')
-    .option('--no-image-responses', 'do not send image responses to the client.')
+    .option('--image-responses <mode>', 'whether to send image responses to the client. Can be "allow" or "omit", Defaults to "allow".')
     .option('--no-sandbox', 'disable the sandbox for all process types that are normally sandboxed.')
     .option('--output-dir <path>', 'path to the directory for output files.')
     .option('--port <port>', 'port to listen on for SSE transport.')
     .option('--proxy-bypass <bypass>', 'comma-separated domains to bypass proxy, for example ".com,chromium.org,.domain.com"')
     .option('--proxy-server <proxy>', 'specify proxy server, for example "http://myproxy:3128" or "socks5://myproxy:8080"')
+    .option('--save-session', 'Whether to save the Playwright MCP session into the output directory.')
+    .option('--save-trace', 'Whether to save the Playwright Trace of the session into the output directory.')
     .option('--storage-state <path>', 'path to the storage state file for isolated sessions.')
     .option('--user-agent <ua string>', 'specify user agent string')
     .option('--user-data-dir <path>', 'path to the user data directory. If not specified, a temporary directory will be created.')
     .option('--viewport-size <size>', 'specify browser viewport size in pixels, for example "1280, 720"')
-    .option('--vision', 'Run server that uses screenshots (Aria snapshots are used by default)')
+    .addOption(new Option('--connect-tool', 'Allow to switch between different browser connection methods.').hideHelp())
+    .addOption(new Option('--vscode', 'VS Code tools.').hideHelp())
+    .addOption(new Option('--loop-tools', 'Run loop tools').hideHelp())
+    .addOption(new Option('--vision', 'Legacy option, use --caps=vision instead').hideHelp())
     .action(async options => {
-      const config = await resolveConfig(options);
-      const connectionList: Connection[] = [];
-      setupExitWatchdog(connectionList);
+      setupExitWatchdog();
 
-      if (options.port)
-        startHttpTransport(config, +options.port, options.host, connectionList);
-      else
-        await startStdioTransport(config, connectionList);
+      if (options.vision) {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+        console.error('The --vision option is deprecated, use --caps=vision instead');
+        options.caps = 'vision';
+      }
+
+      const config = await resolveCLIConfig(options);
+      const browserContextFactory = contextFactory(config);
+      const extensionContextFactory = new ExtensionContextFactory(config.browser.launchOptions.channel || 'chrome', config.browser.userDataDir);
+
+      if (options.extension) {
+        const serverBackendFactory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory = {
+          name: 'Playwright w/ extension',
+          nameInConfig: 'playwright-extension',
+          version: packageJSON.version,
+          create: () => new BrowserServerBackend(config, extensionContextFactory)
+        };
+        await mcpServer.start(serverBackendFactory, config.server);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (options.vscode) {
+        await runVSCodeTools(config);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (options.loopTools) {
+        await runLoopTools(config);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (options.connectTool) {
+        const providers: MCPProvider[] = [
+          {
+            name: 'default',
+            description: 'Starts standalone browser',
+            connect: () => mcpServer.wrapInProcess(new BrowserServerBackend(config, browserContextFactory)),
+          },
+          {
+            name: 'extension',
+            description: 'Connect to a browser using the Playwright MCP extension',
+            connect: () => mcpServer.wrapInProcess(new BrowserServerBackend(config, extensionContextFactory)),
+          },
+        ];
+        const factory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory = {
+          name: 'Playwright w/ switch',
+          nameInConfig: 'playwright-switch',
+          version: packageJSON.version,
+          create: () => new ProxyBackend(providers),
+        };
+        await mcpServer.start(factory, config.server);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const factory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory = {
+        name: 'Playwright',
+        nameInConfig: 'playwright',
+        version: packageJSON.version,
+        create: () => new BrowserServerBackend(config, browserContextFactory)
+      };
+      await mcpServer.start(factory, config.server);
     });
 
-function setupExitWatchdog(connectionList: Connection[]) {
+function setupExitWatchdog() {
+  let isExiting = false;
   const handleExit = async () => {
+    if (isExiting)
+      return;
+    isExiting = true;
     setTimeout(() => process.exit(0), 15000);
-    for (const connection of connectionList)
-      await connection.close();
+    await Context.disposeAll();
     process.exit(0);
   };
 
@@ -73,8 +143,4 @@ function setupExitWatchdog(connectionList: Connection[]) {
   process.on('SIGTERM', handleExit);
 }
 
-function semicolonSeparatedList(value: string): string[] {
-  return value.split(';').map(v => v.trim());
-}
-
-program.parse(process.argv);
+void program.parseAsync(process.argv);

src/response.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { renderModalStates } from './tab.js';
+
+import type { Tab, TabSnapshot } from './tab.js';
+import type { ImageContent, TextContent } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import type { Context } from './context.js';
+
+export class Response {
+  private _result: string[] = [];
+  private _code: string[] = [];
+  private _images: { contentType: string, data: Buffer }[] = [];
+  private _context: Context;
+  private _includeSnapshot = false;
+  private _includeTabs = false;
+  private _tabSnapshot: TabSnapshot | undefined;
+
+  readonly toolName: string;
+  readonly toolArgs: Record<string, any>;
+  private _isError: boolean | undefined;
+
+  constructor(context: Context, toolName: string, toolArgs: Record<string, any>) {
+    this._context = context;
+    this.toolName = toolName;
+    this.toolArgs = toolArgs;
+  }
+
+  addResult(result: string) {
+    this._result.push(result);
+  }
+
+  addError(error: string) {
+    this._result.push(error);
+    this._isError = true;
+  }
+
+  isError() {
+    return this._isError;
+  }
+
+  result() {
+    return this._result.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  addCode(code: string) {
+    this._code.push(code);
+  }
+
+  code() {
+    return this._code.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  addImage(image: { contentType: string, data: Buffer }) {
+    this._images.push(image);
+  }
+
+  images() {
+    return this._images;
+  }
+
+  setIncludeSnapshot() {
+    this._includeSnapshot = true;
+  }
+
+  setIncludeTabs() {
+    this._includeTabs = true;
+  }
+
+  async finish() {
+    // All the async snapshotting post-action is happening here.
+    // Everything below should race against modal states.
+    if (this._includeSnapshot && this._context.currentTab())
+      this._tabSnapshot = await this._context.currentTabOrDie().captureSnapshot();
+    for (const tab of this._context.tabs())
+      await tab.updateTitle();
+  }
+
+  tabSnapshot(): TabSnapshot | undefined {
+    return this._tabSnapshot;
+  }
+
+  serialize(): { content: (TextContent | ImageContent)[], isError?: boolean } {
+    const response: string[] = [];
+
+    // Start with command result.
+    if (this._result.length) {
+      response.push('### Result');
+      response.push(this._result.join('\n'));
+      response.push('');
+    }
+
+    // Add code if it exists.
+    if (this._code.length) {
+      response.push(`### Ran Playwright code
+\`\`\`js
+${this._code.join('\n')}
+\`\`\``);
+      response.push('');
+    }
+
+    // List browser tabs.
+    if (this._includeSnapshot || this._includeTabs)
+      response.push(...renderTabsMarkdown(this._context.tabs(), this._includeTabs));
+
+    // Add snapshot if provided.
+    if (this._tabSnapshot?.modalStates.length) {
+      response.push(...renderModalStates(this._context, this._tabSnapshot.modalStates));
+      response.push('');
+    } else if (this._tabSnapshot) {
+      response.push(renderTabSnapshot(this._tabSnapshot));
+      response.push('');
+    }
+
+    // Main response part
+    const content: (TextContent | ImageContent)[] = [
+      { type: 'text', text: response.join('\n') },
+    ];
+
+    // Image attachments.
+    if (this._context.config.imageResponses !== 'omit') {
+      for (const image of this._images)
+        content.push({ type: 'image', data: image.data.toString('base64'), mimeType: image.contentType });
+    }
+
+    return { content, isError: this._isError };
+  }
+}
+
+function renderTabSnapshot(tabSnapshot: TabSnapshot): string {
+  const lines: string[] = [];
+
+  if (tabSnapshot.consoleMessages.length) {
+    lines.push(`### New console messages`);
+    for (const message of tabSnapshot.consoleMessages)
+      lines.push(`- ${trim(message.toString(), 100)}`);
+    lines.push('');
+  }
+
+  if (tabSnapshot.downloads.length) {
+    lines.push(`### Downloads`);
+    for (const entry of tabSnapshot.downloads) {
+      if (entry.finished)
+        lines.push(`- Downloaded file ${entry.download.suggestedFilename()} to ${entry.outputFile}`);
+      else
+        lines.push(`- Downloading file ${entry.download.suggestedFilename()} ...`);
+    }
+    lines.push('');
+  }
+
+  lines.push(`### Page state`);
+  lines.push(`- Page URL: ${tabSnapshot.url}`);
+  lines.push(`- Page Title: ${tabSnapshot.title}`);
+  lines.push(`- Page Snapshot:`);
+  lines.push('```yaml');
+  lines.push(tabSnapshot.ariaSnapshot);
+  lines.push('```');
+
+  return lines.join('\n');
+}
+
+function renderTabsMarkdown(tabs: Tab[], force: boolean = false): string[] {
+  if (tabs.length === 1 && !force)
+    return [];
+
+  if (!tabs.length) {
+    return [
+      '### Open tabs',
+      'No open tabs. Use the "browser_navigate" tool to navigate to a page first.',
+      '',
+    ];
+  }
+
+  const lines: string[] = ['### Open tabs'];
+  for (let i = 0; i < tabs.length; i++) {
+    const tab = tabs[i];
+    const current = tab.isCurrentTab() ? ' (current)' : '';
+    lines.push(`- ${i}:${current} [${tab.lastTitle()}] (${tab.page.url()})`);
+  }
+  lines.push('');
+  return lines;
+}
+
+function trim(text: string, maxLength: number) {
+  if (text.length <= maxLength)
+    return text;
+  return text.slice(0, maxLength) + '...';
+}

src/sessionLog.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+
+import { Response } from './response.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from './utils/log.js';
+import { outputFile  } from './config.js';
+
+import type { FullConfig } from './config.js';
+import type * as actions from './actions.js';
+import type { Tab, TabSnapshot } from './tab.js';
+
+type LogEntry = {
+  timestamp: number;
+  toolCall?: {
+    toolName: string;
+    toolArgs: Record<string, any>;
+    result: string;
+    isError?: boolean;
+  };
+  userAction?: actions.Action;
+  code: string;
+  tabSnapshot?: TabSnapshot;
+};
+
+export class SessionLog {
+  private _folder: string;
+  private _file: string;
+  private _ordinal = 0;
+  private _pendingEntries: LogEntry[] = [];
+  private _sessionFileQueue = Promise.resolve();
+  private _flushEntriesTimeout: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined;
+
+  constructor(sessionFolder: string) {
+    this._folder = sessionFolder;
+    this._file = path.join(this._folder, 'session.md');
+  }
+
+  static async create(config: FullConfig, rootPath: string | undefined): Promise<SessionLog> {
+    const sessionFolder = await outputFile(config, rootPath, `session-${Date.now()}`);
+    await fs.promises.mkdir(sessionFolder, { recursive: true });
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+    console.error(`Session: ${sessionFolder}`);
+    return new SessionLog(sessionFolder);
+  }
+
+  logResponse(response: Response) {
+    const entry: LogEntry = {
+      timestamp: performance.now(),
+      toolCall: {
+        toolName: response.toolName,
+        toolArgs: response.toolArgs,
+        result: response.result(),
+        isError: response.isError(),
+      },
+      code: response.code(),
+      tabSnapshot: response.tabSnapshot(),
+    };
+    this._appendEntry(entry);
+  }
+
+  logUserAction(action: actions.Action, tab: Tab, code: string, isUpdate: boolean) {
+    code = code.trim();
+    if (isUpdate) {
+      const lastEntry = this._pendingEntries[this._pendingEntries.length - 1];
+      if (lastEntry.userAction?.name === action.name) {
+        lastEntry.userAction = action;
+        lastEntry.code = code;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    if (action.name === 'navigate') {
+      // Already logged at this location.
+      const lastEntry = this._pendingEntries[this._pendingEntries.length - 1];
+      if (lastEntry?.tabSnapshot?.url === action.url)
+        return;
+    }
+    const entry: LogEntry = {
+      timestamp: performance.now(),
+      userAction: action,
+      code,
+      tabSnapshot: {
+        url: tab.page.url(),
+        title: '',
+        ariaSnapshot: action.ariaSnapshot || '',
+        modalStates: [],
+        consoleMessages: [],
+        downloads: [],
+      },
+    };
+    this._appendEntry(entry);
+  }
+
+  private _appendEntry(entry: LogEntry) {
+    this._pendingEntries.push(entry);
+    if (this._flushEntriesTimeout)
+      clearTimeout(this._flushEntriesTimeout);
+    this._flushEntriesTimeout = setTimeout(() => this._flushEntries(), 1000);
+  }
+
+  private async _flushEntries() {
+    clearTimeout(this._flushEntriesTimeout);
+    const entries = this._pendingEntries;
+    this._pendingEntries = [];
+    const lines: string[] = [''];
+
+    for (const entry of entries) {
+      const ordinal = (++this._ordinal).toString().padStart(3, '0');
+      if (entry.toolCall) {
+        lines.push(
+            `### Tool call: ${entry.toolCall.toolName}`,
+            `- Args`,
+            '```json',
+            JSON.stringify(entry.toolCall.toolArgs, null, 2),
+            '```',
+        );
+        if (entry.toolCall.result) {
+          lines.push(
+              entry.toolCall.isError ? `- Error` : `- Result`,
+              '```',
+              entry.toolCall.result,
+              '```',
+          );
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (entry.userAction) {
+        const actionData = { ...entry.userAction } as any;
+        delete actionData.ariaSnapshot;
+        delete actionData.selector;
+        delete actionData.signals;
+
+        lines.push(
+            `### User action: ${entry.userAction.name}`,
+            `- Args`,
+            '```json',
+            JSON.stringify(actionData, null, 2),
+            '```',
+        );
+      }
+
+      if (entry.code) {
+        lines.push(
+            `- Code`,
+            '```js',
+            entry.code,
+            '```');
+      }
+
+      if (entry.tabSnapshot) {
+        const fileName = `${ordinal}.snapshot.yml`;
+        fs.promises.writeFile(path.join(this._folder, fileName), entry.tabSnapshot.ariaSnapshot).catch(logUnhandledError);
+        lines.push(`- Snapshot: ${fileName}`);
+      }
+
+      lines.push('', '');
+    }
+
+    this._sessionFileQueue = this._sessionFileQueue.then(() => fs.promises.appendFile(this._file, lines.join('\n')));
+  }
+}

src/tab.ts

@@ -14,57 +14,151 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
 import * as playwright from 'playwright';
-
-import { PageSnapshot } from './pageSnapshot.js';
+import { callOnPageNoTrace, waitForCompletion } from './tools/utils.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from './utils/log.js';
+import { ManualPromise } from './mcp/manualPromise.js';
+import { ModalState } from './tools/tool.js';
 
 import type { Context } from './context.js';
 
-export class Tab {
+type PageEx = playwright.Page & {
+  _snapshotForAI: () => Promise<string>;
+};
+
+export const TabEvents = {
+  modalState: 'modalState'
+};
+
+export type TabEventsInterface = {
+  [TabEvents.modalState]: [modalState: ModalState];
+};
+
+export type TabSnapshot = {
+  url: string;
+  title: string;
+  ariaSnapshot: string;
+  modalStates: ModalState[];
+  consoleMessages: ConsoleMessage[];
+  downloads: { download: playwright.Download, finished: boolean, outputFile: string }[];
+};
+
+export class Tab extends EventEmitter<TabEventsInterface> {
   readonly context: Context;
   readonly page: playwright.Page;
-  private _consoleMessages: playwright.ConsoleMessage[] = [];
+  private _lastTitle = 'about:blank';
+  private _consoleMessages: ConsoleMessage[] = [];
+  private _recentConsoleMessages: ConsoleMessage[] = [];
   private _requests: Map<playwright.Request, playwright.Response | null> = new Map();
-  private _snapshot: PageSnapshot | undefined;
   private _onPageClose: (tab: Tab) => void;
+  private _modalStates: ModalState[] = [];
+  private _downloads: { download: playwright.Download, finished: boolean, outputFile: string }[] = [];
 
   constructor(context: Context, page: playwright.Page, onPageClose: (tab: Tab) => void) {
+    super();
     this.context = context;
     this.page = page;
     this._onPageClose = onPageClose;
-    page.on('console', event => this._consoleMessages.push(event));
+    page.on('console', event => this._handleConsoleMessage(messageToConsoleMessage(event)));
+    page.on('pageerror', error => this._handleConsoleMessage(pageErrorToConsoleMessage(error)));
     page.on('request', request => this._requests.set(request, null));
     page.on('response', response => this._requests.set(response.request(), response));
     page.on('close', () => this._onClose());
     page.on('filechooser', chooser => {
-      this.context.setModalState({
+      this.setModalState({
         type: 'fileChooser',
         description: 'File chooser',
         fileChooser: chooser,
-      }, this);
+      });
     });
-    page.on('dialog', dialog => this.context.dialogShown(this, dialog));
+    page.on('dialog', dialog => this._dialogShown(dialog));
     page.on('download', download => {
-      void this.context.downloadStarted(this, download);
+      void this._downloadStarted(download);
     });
     page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(60000);
     page.setDefaultTimeout(5000);
+    (page as any)[tabSymbol] = this;
+  }
+
+  static forPage(page: playwright.Page): Tab | undefined {
+    return (page as any)[tabSymbol];
+  }
+
+  modalStates(): ModalState[] {
+    return this._modalStates;
+  }
+
+  setModalState(modalState: ModalState) {
+    this._modalStates.push(modalState);
+    this.emit(TabEvents.modalState, modalState);
+  }
+
+  clearModalState(modalState: ModalState) {
+    this._modalStates = this._modalStates.filter(state => state !== modalState);
+  }
+
+  modalStatesMarkdown(): string[] {
+    return renderModalStates(this.context, this.modalStates());
+  }
+
+  private _dialogShown(dialog: playwright.Dialog) {
+    this.setModalState({
+      type: 'dialog',
+      description: `"${dialog.type()}" dialog with message "${dialog.message()}"`,
+      dialog,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async _downloadStarted(download: playwright.Download) {
+    const entry = {
+      download,
+      finished: false,
+      outputFile: await this.context.outputFile(download.suggestedFilename())
+    };
+    this._downloads.push(entry);
+    await download.saveAs(entry.outputFile);
+    entry.finished = true;
   }
 
   private _clearCollectedArtifacts() {
     this._consoleMessages.length = 0;
+    this._recentConsoleMessages.length = 0;
     this._requests.clear();
   }
 
+  private _handleConsoleMessage(message: ConsoleMessage) {
+    this._consoleMessages.push(message);
+    this._recentConsoleMessages.push(message);
+  }
+
   private _onClose() {
     this._clearCollectedArtifacts();
     this._onPageClose(this);
   }
 
+  async updateTitle() {
+    await this._raceAgainstModalStates(async () => {
+      this._lastTitle = await callOnPageNoTrace(this.page, page => page.title());
+    });
+  }
+
+  lastTitle(): string {
+    return this._lastTitle;
+  }
+
+  isCurrentTab(): boolean {
+    return this === this.context.currentTab();
+  }
+
+  async waitForLoadState(state: 'load', options?: { timeout?: number }): Promise<void> {
+    await callOnPageNoTrace(this.page, page => page.waitForLoadState(state, options).catch(logUnhandledError));
+  }
+
   async navigate(url: string) {
     this._clearCollectedArtifacts();
 
-    const downloadEvent = this.page.waitForEvent('download').catch(() => {});
+    const downloadEvent = callOnPageNoTrace(this.page, page => page.waitForEvent('download').catch(logUnhandledError));
     try {
       await this.page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
     } catch (_e: unknown) {
@@ -74,31 +168,23 @@ export class Tab {
         || e.message.includes('Download is starting'); // firefox + webkit
       if (!mightBeDownload)
         throw e;
-
       // on chromium, the download event is fired *after* page.goto rejects, so we wait a lil bit
       const download = await Promise.race([
         downloadEvent,
-        new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 500)),
+        new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 3000)),
       ]);
       if (!download)
         throw e;
+      // Make sure other "download" listeners are notified first.
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
+      return;
     }
 
     // Cap load event to 5 seconds, the page is operational at this point.
-    await this.page.waitForLoadState('load', { timeout: 5000 }).catch(() => {});
+    await this.waitForLoadState('load', { timeout: 5000 });
   }
 
-  hasSnapshot(): boolean {
-    return !!this._snapshot;
-  }
-
-  snapshotOrDie(): PageSnapshot {
-    if (!this._snapshot)
-      throw new Error('No snapshot available');
-    return this._snapshot;
-  }
-
-  consoleMessages(): playwright.ConsoleMessage[] {
+  consoleMessages(): ConsoleMessage[] {
     return this._consoleMessages;
   }
 
@@ -106,7 +192,122 @@ export class Tab {
     return this._requests;
   }
 
-  async captureSnapshot() {
-    this._snapshot = await PageSnapshot.create(this.page);
+  async captureSnapshot(): Promise<TabSnapshot> {
+    let tabSnapshot: TabSnapshot | undefined;
+    const modalStates = await this._raceAgainstModalStates(async () => {
+      const snapshot = await (this.page as PageEx)._snapshotForAI();
+      tabSnapshot = {
+        url: this.page.url(),
+        title: await this.page.title(),
+        ariaSnapshot: snapshot,
+        modalStates: [],
+        consoleMessages: [],
+        downloads: this._downloads,
+      };
+    });
+    if (tabSnapshot) {
+      // Assign console message late so that we did not lose any to modal state.
+      tabSnapshot.consoleMessages = this._recentConsoleMessages;
+      this._recentConsoleMessages = [];
+    }
+    return tabSnapshot ?? {
+      url: this.page.url(),
+      title: '',
+      ariaSnapshot: '',
+      modalStates,
+      consoleMessages: [],
+      downloads: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  private _javaScriptBlocked(): boolean {
+    return this._modalStates.some(state => state.type === 'dialog');
+  }
+
+  private async _raceAgainstModalStates(action: () => Promise<void>): Promise<ModalState[]> {
+    if (this.modalStates().length)
+      return this.modalStates();
+
+    const promise = new ManualPromise<ModalState[]>();
+    const listener = (modalState: ModalState) => promise.resolve([modalState]);
+    this.once(TabEvents.modalState, listener);
+
+    return await Promise.race([
+      action().then(() => {
+        this.off(TabEvents.modalState, listener);
+        return [];
+      }),
+      promise,
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  async waitForCompletion(callback: () => Promise<void>) {
+    await this._raceAgainstModalStates(() => waitForCompletion(this, callback));
+  }
+
+  async refLocator(params: { element: string, ref: string }): Promise<playwright.Locator> {
+    return (await this.refLocators([params]))[0];
+  }
+
+  async refLocators(params: { element: string, ref: string }[]): Promise<playwright.Locator[]> {
+    const snapshot = await (this.page as PageEx)._snapshotForAI();
+    return params.map(param => {
+      if (!snapshot.includes(`[ref=${param.ref}]`))
+        throw new Error(`Ref ${param.ref} not found in the current page snapshot. Try capturing new snapshot.`);
+      return this.page.locator(`aria-ref=${param.ref}`).describe(param.element);
+    });
+  }
+
+  async waitForTimeout(time: number) {
+    if (this._javaScriptBlocked()) {
+      await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, time));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    await callOnPageNoTrace(this.page, page => {
+      return page.evaluate(() => new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, 1000)));
+    });
   }
 }
+
+export type ConsoleMessage = {
+  type: ReturnType<playwright.ConsoleMessage['type']> | undefined;
+  text: string;
+  toString(): string;
+};
+
+function messageToConsoleMessage(message: playwright.ConsoleMessage): ConsoleMessage {
+  return {
+    type: message.type(),
+    text: message.text(),
+    toString: () => `[${message.type().toUpperCase()}] ${message.text()} @ ${message.location().url}:${message.location().lineNumber}`,
+  };
+}
+
+function pageErrorToConsoleMessage(errorOrValue: Error | any): ConsoleMessage {
+  if (errorOrValue instanceof Error) {
+    return {
+      type: undefined,
+      text: errorOrValue.message,
+      toString: () => errorOrValue.stack || errorOrValue.message,
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    type: undefined,
+    text: String(errorOrValue),
+    toString: () => String(errorOrValue),
+  };
+}
+
+export function renderModalStates(context: Context, modalStates: ModalState[]): string[] {
+  const result: string[] = ['### Modal state'];
+  if (modalStates.length === 0)
+    result.push('- There is no modal state present');
+  for (const state of modalStates) {
+    const tool = context.tools.filter(tool => 'clearsModalState' in tool).find(tool => tool.clearsModalState === state.type);
+    result.push(`- [${state.description}]: can be handled by the "${tool?.schema.name}" tool`);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+const tabSymbol = Symbol('tabSymbol');

src/test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js';
+import { StreamableHTTPClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js';
+import { ListRootsRequestSchema, PingRequestSchema } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+export async function connectMCP() {
+  // const transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(new URL('http://localhost:4242/mcp'));
+
+  const transport = new StdioClientTransport({
+    command: 'node',
+    env: process.env as any,
+    args: [
+      '/Users/yurys/playwright-mcp/cli.js',
+      // '--browser=chrome-canary',
+      // '--extension'
+      // '--browser=chromium',
+      // '--no-sandbox',
+      // '--isolated',
+    ],
+    stderr: 'inherit',
+  });
+
+
+  console.error('will create client');
+  const client = new Client({ name: 'Visual Studio Code', version: '1.0.0' });
+  client.setRequestHandler(PingRequestSchema, async () => ({}));
+
+  console.error('Will connect');
+  try {
+    await client.connect(transport);
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Connection error:', error);
+  }
+  console.error('Connected');
+
+  // const tools = await client.listTools();
+  // console.log('Available tools:', tools.tools.length);
+
+  // await client.ping();
+  // console.error('Pinged');
+
+  {
+    const response = await client.callTool({
+      name: 'browser_navigate',
+      arguments: {
+        url: 'https://amazon.com/'
+      }
+    });
+    console.log('Navigated to Amazon', response.isError ? 'error' : '', response.error ? response.error : '');
+  }
+
+  // const r = await client.callTool({
+  //   name: 'browser_connect',
+  //   arguments: {
+  //     name: 'extension'
+  //   }
+  // });
+  // console.log('Connected to extension', r.isError ? 'error' : '', r.content);
+
+  const response = await client.callTool({
+    name: 'browser_navigate',
+    arguments: {
+      url: 'https://google.com/'
+    }
+  });
+  console.log('Navigated to Google', response.isError ? 'error' : '', response.isError ? response : '');
+
+  if (response.isError)
+    return;
+
+  const response2 = await client.callTool({
+    name: 'browser_type',
+    arguments: {
+      text: 'Browser MCP',
+      submit: true,
+      element: 'combobox "Search" [active] [ref=e44]',
+      ref: 'e44',
+    }
+  });
+  console.log('Typed text', response2.isError ? response2.content : '');
+
+  // console.log('Closing browser...');
+  // const response3 = await client.callTool({
+  //   name: 'browser_close',
+  //   arguments: {}
+  // });
+  // console.log('Closed browser');
+  // console.log(response3.isError ? 'error' : '', response3.error ? response3.error : '');
+
+
+  // await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 5_000));
+
+  // await transport.terminateSession();
+  await client.close();
+  console.log('Closed MCP client');
+}
+
+void connectMCP();

src/tools.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import common from './tools/common.js';
 import console from './tools/console.js';
 import dialogs from './tools/dialogs.js';
+import evaluate from './tools/evaluate.js';
 import files from './tools/files.js';
 import install from './tools/install.js';
 import keyboard from './tools/keyboard.js';
@@ -26,41 +27,30 @@ import pdf from './tools/pdf.js';
 import snapshot from './tools/snapshot.js';
 import tabs from './tools/tabs.js';
 import screenshot from './tools/screenshot.js';
-import testing from './tools/testing.js';
-import vision from './tools/vision.js';
 import wait from './tools/wait.js';
+import mouse from './tools/mouse.js';
 
 import type { Tool } from './tools/tool.js';
+import type { FullConfig } from './config.js';
 
-export const snapshotTools: Tool<any>[] = [
-  ...common(true),
+export const allTools: Tool<any>[] = [
+  ...common,
   ...console,
-  ...dialogs(true),
-  ...files(true),
+  ...dialogs,
+  ...evaluate,
+  ...files,
   ...install,
-  ...keyboard(true),
-  ...navigate(true),
+  ...keyboard,
+  ...navigate,
   ...network,
+  ...mouse,
   ...pdf,
   ...screenshot,
   ...snapshot,
-  ...tabs(true),
-  ...testing,
-  ...wait(true),
+  ...tabs,
+  ...wait,
 ];
 
-export const visionTools: Tool<any>[] = [
-  ...common(false),
-  ...console,
-  ...dialogs(false),
-  ...files(false),
-  ...install,
-  ...keyboard(false),
-  ...navigate(false),
-  ...network,
-  ...pdf,
-  ...tabs(false),
-  ...testing,
-  ...vision,
-  ...wait(false),
-];
+export function filteredTools(config: FullConfig) {
+  return allTools.filter(tool => tool.capability.startsWith('core') || config.capabilities?.includes(tool.capability));
+}

src/tools/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[*]
+../utils/

src/tools/common.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool, defineTool } from './tool.js';
 
 const close = defineTool({
   capability: 'core',
@@ -28,17 +28,14 @@ const close = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async context => {
-    await context.close();
-    return {
-      code: [`await page.close()`],
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
+    await context.closeBrowserContext();
+    response.setIncludeTabs();
+    response.addCode(`await page.close()`);
   },
 });
 
-const resize: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
+const resize = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_resize',
@@ -51,28 +48,16 @@ const resize: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.addCode(`await page.setViewportSize({ width: ${params.width}, height: ${params.height} });`);
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Resize browser window to ${params.width}x${params.height}`,
-      `await page.setViewportSize({ width: ${params.width}, height: ${params.height} });`
-    ];
-
-    const action = async () => {
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
       await tab.page.setViewportSize({ width: params.width, height: params.height });
-    };
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: true
-    };
+    });
   },
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
+export default [
   close,
-  resize(captureSnapshot)
+  resize
 ];

src/tools/console.ts

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const console = defineTool({
+const console = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_console_messages',
@@ -26,19 +26,8 @@ const console = defineTool({
     inputSchema: z.object({}),
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
-  handle: async context => {
-    const messages = context.currentTabOrDie().consoleMessages();
-    const log = messages.map(message => `[${message.type().toUpperCase()}] ${message.text()}`).join('\n');
-    return {
-      code: [`// <internal code to get console messages>`],
-      action: async () => {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text', text: log }]
-        };
-      },
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    tab.consoleMessages().map(message => response.addResult(message.toString()));
   },
 });
 

src/tools/dialogs.ts

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const handleDialog: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
+const handleDialog = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
@@ -31,32 +31,25 @@ const handleDialog: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const dialogState = context.modalStates().find(state => state.type === 'dialog');
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+
+    const dialogState = tab.modalStates().find(state => state.type === 'dialog');
     if (!dialogState)
       throw new Error('No dialog visible');
 
-    if (params.accept)
-      await dialogState.dialog.accept(params.promptText);
-    else
-      await dialogState.dialog.dismiss();
-
-    context.clearModalState(dialogState);
-
-    const code = [
-      `// <internal code to handle "${dialogState.dialog.type()}" dialog>`,
-    ];
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    tab.clearModalState(dialogState);
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      if (params.accept)
+        await dialogState.dialog.accept(params.promptText);
+      else
+        await dialogState.dialog.dismiss();
+    });
   },
 
   clearsModalState: 'dialog',
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  handleDialog(captureSnapshot),
+export default [
+  handleDialog,
 ];

src/tools/evaluate.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
+import * as javascript from '../utils/codegen.js';
+import { generateLocator } from './utils.js';
+
+import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
+
+const evaluateSchema = z.object({
+  function: z.string().describe('() => { /* code */ } or (element) => { /* code */ } when element is provided'),
+  element: z.string().optional().describe('Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element'),
+  ref: z.string().optional().describe('Exact target element reference from the page snapshot'),
+});
+
+const evaluate = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'core',
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_evaluate',
+    title: 'Evaluate JavaScript',
+    description: 'Evaluate JavaScript expression on page or element',
+    inputSchema: evaluateSchema,
+    type: 'destructive',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+
+    let locator: playwright.Locator | undefined;
+    if (params.ref && params.element) {
+      locator = await tab.refLocator({ ref: params.ref, element: params.element });
+      response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.evaluate(${javascript.quote(params.function)});`);
+    } else {
+      response.addCode(`await page.evaluate(${javascript.quote(params.function)});`);
+    }
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      const receiver = locator ?? tab.page as any;
+      const result = await receiver._evaluateFunction(params.function);
+      response.addResult(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2) || 'undefined');
+    });
+  },
+});
+
+export default [
+  evaluate,
+];

src/tools/files.ts

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const uploadFile: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'files',
+const uploadFile = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_file_upload',
@@ -30,30 +30,23 @@ const uploadFile: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const modalState = context.modalStates().find(state => state.type === 'fileChooser');
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+
+    const modalState = tab.modalStates().find(state => state.type === 'fileChooser');
     if (!modalState)
       throw new Error('No file chooser visible');
 
-    const code = [
-      `// <internal code to chose files ${params.paths.join(', ')}`,
-    ];
+    response.addCode(`await fileChooser.setFiles(${JSON.stringify(params.paths)})`);
 
-    const action = async () => {
+    tab.clearModalState(modalState);
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
       await modalState.fileChooser.setFiles(params.paths);
-      context.clearModalState(modalState);
-    };
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
+    });
   },
   clearsModalState: 'fileChooser',
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  uploadFile(captureSnapshot),
+export default [
+  uploadFile,
 ];

src/tools/install.ts

@@ -16,14 +16,13 @@
 
 import { fork } from 'child_process';
 import path from 'path';
-
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
 import { z } from 'zod';
 import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
 
-import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 
 const install = defineTool({
-  capability: 'install',
+  capability: 'core-install',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_install',
     title: 'Install the browser specified in the config',
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ const install = defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async context => {
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
     const channel = context.config.browser?.launchOptions?.channel ?? context.config.browser?.browserName ?? 'chrome';
     const cliUrl = import.meta.resolve('playwright/package.json');
     const cliPath = path.join(fileURLToPath(cliUrl), '..', 'cli.js');
@@ -50,11 +49,7 @@ const install = defineTool({
           reject(new Error(`Failed to install browser: ${output.join('')}`));
       });
     });
-    return {
-      code: [`// Browser ${channel} installed`],
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    response.setIncludeTabs();
   },
 });
 

src/tools/keyboard.ts

@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
 
-const pressKey: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
+import { elementSchema } from './snapshot.js';
+import { generateLocator } from './utils.js';
+import * as javascript from '../utils/codegen.js';
+
+const pressKey = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
@@ -30,25 +34,56 @@ const pressKey: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+    response.addCode(`// Press ${params.key}`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.keyboard.press('${params.key}');`);
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Press ${params.key}`,
-      `await page.keyboard.press('${params.key}');`,
-    ];
-
-    const action = () => tab.page.keyboard.press(params.key);
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: true
-    };
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await tab.page.keyboard.press(params.key);
+    });
   },
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  pressKey(captureSnapshot),
+const typeSchema = elementSchema.extend({
+  text: z.string().describe('Text to type into the element'),
+  submit: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to submit entered text (press Enter after)'),
+  slowly: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to type one character at a time. Useful for triggering key handlers in the page. By default entire text is filled in at once.'),
+});
+
+const type = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'core',
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_type',
+    title: 'Type text',
+    description: 'Type text into editable element',
+    inputSchema: typeSchema,
+    type: 'destructive',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    const locator = await tab.refLocator(params);
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      if (params.slowly) {
+        response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+        response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.pressSequentially(${javascript.quote(params.text)});`);
+        await locator.pressSequentially(params.text);
+      } else {
+        response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.fill(${javascript.quote(params.text)});`);
+        await locator.fill(params.text);
+      }
+
+      if (params.submit) {
+        response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+        response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.press('Enter');`);
+        await locator.press('Enter');
+      }
+    });
+  },
+});
+
+export default [
+  pressKey,
+  type,
 ];

src/tools/mouse.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
+
+const elementSchema = z.object({
+  element: z.string().describe('Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element'),
+});
+
+const mouseMove = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'vision',
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_mouse_move_xy',
+    title: 'Move mouse',
+    description: 'Move mouse to a given position',
+    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
+      x: z.number().describe('X coordinate'),
+      y: z.number().describe('Y coordinate'),
+    }),
+    type: 'readOnly',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.addCode(`// Move mouse to (${params.x}, ${params.y})`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.move(${params.x}, ${params.y});`);
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.x, params.y);
+    });
+  },
+});
+
+const mouseClick = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'vision',
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_mouse_click_xy',
+    title: 'Click',
+    description: 'Click left mouse button at a given position',
+    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
+      x: z.number().describe('X coordinate'),
+      y: z.number().describe('Y coordinate'),
+    }),
+    type: 'destructive',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+
+    response.addCode(`// Click mouse at coordinates (${params.x}, ${params.y})`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.move(${params.x}, ${params.y});`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.down();`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.up();`);
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.x, params.y);
+      await tab.page.mouse.down();
+      await tab.page.mouse.up();
+    });
+  },
+});
+
+const mouseDrag = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'vision',
+  schema: {
+    name: 'browser_mouse_drag_xy',
+    title: 'Drag mouse',
+    description: 'Drag left mouse button to a given position',
+    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
+      startX: z.number().describe('Start X coordinate'),
+      startY: z.number().describe('Start Y coordinate'),
+      endX: z.number().describe('End X coordinate'),
+      endY: z.number().describe('End Y coordinate'),
+    }),
+    type: 'destructive',
+  },
+
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+
+    response.addCode(`// Drag mouse from (${params.startX}, ${params.startY}) to (${params.endX}, ${params.endY})`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.move(${params.startX}, ${params.startY});`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.down();`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.move(${params.endX}, ${params.endY});`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.mouse.up();`);
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.startX, params.startY);
+      await tab.page.mouse.down();
+      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.endX, params.endY);
+      await tab.page.mouse.up();
+    });
+  },
+});
+
+export default [
+  mouseMove,
+  mouseClick,
+  mouseDrag,
+];

src/tools/navigate.ts

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTool, defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const navigate: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
+const navigate = defineTool({
   capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
@@ -30,25 +30,17 @@ const navigate: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
     const tab = await context.ensureTab();
     await tab.navigate(params.url);
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Navigate to ${params.url}`,
-      `await page.goto('${params.url}');`,
-    ];
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+    response.addCode(`await page.goto('${params.url}');`);
   },
 });
 
-const goBack: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'history',
+const goBack = defineTabTool({
+  capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_navigate_back',
     title: 'Go back',
@@ -57,48 +49,14 @@ const goBack: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async context => {
-    const tab = await context.ensureTab();
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
     await tab.page.goBack();
-    const code = [
-      `// Navigate back`,
-      `await page.goBack();`,
-    ];
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+    response.addCode(`await page.goBack();`);
   },
 });
 
-const goForward: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'history',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_navigate_forward',
-    title: 'Go forward',
-    description: 'Go forward to the next page',
-    inputSchema: z.object({}),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-  handle: async context => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    await tab.page.goForward();
-    const code = [
-      `// Navigate forward`,
-      `await page.goForward();`,
-    ];
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  navigate(captureSnapshot),
-  goBack(captureSnapshot),
-  goForward(captureSnapshot),
+export default [
+  navigate,
+  goBack,
 ];

src/tools/network.ts

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
 import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
 
-const requests = defineTool({
+const requests = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
@@ -30,19 +30,9 @@ const requests = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async context => {
-    const requests = context.currentTabOrDie().requests();
-    const log = [...requests.entries()].map(([request, response]) => renderRequest(request, response)).join('\n');
-    return {
-      code: [`// <internal code to list network requests>`],
-      action: async () => {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text', text: log }]
-        };
-      },
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    const requests = tab.requests();
+    [...requests.entries()].forEach(([req, res]) => response.addResult(renderRequest(req, res)));
   },
 });
 

src/tools/pdf.ts

@@ -15,16 +15,15 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
 
-import * as javascript from '../javascript.js';
-import { outputFile } from '../config.js';
+import * as javascript from '../utils/codegen.js';
 
 const pdfSchema = z.object({
   filename: z.string().optional().describe('File name to save the pdf to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.pdf` if not specified.'),
 });
 
-const pdf = defineTool({
+const pdf = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'pdf',
 
   schema: {
@@ -35,21 +34,11 @@ const pdf = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    const fileName = await outputFile(context.config, params.filename ?? `page-${new Date().toISOString()}.pdf`);
-
-    const code = [
-      `// Save page as ${fileName}`,
-      `await page.pdf(${javascript.formatObject({ path: fileName })});`,
-    ];
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: async () => tab.page.pdf({ path: fileName }).then(() => {}),
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    const fileName = await tab.context.outputFile(params.filename ?? `page-${new Date().toISOString()}.pdf`);
+    response.addCode(`await page.pdf(${javascript.formatObject({ path: fileName })});`);
+    response.addResult(`Saved page as ${fileName}`);
+    await tab.page.pdf({ path: fileName });
   },
 });
 

src/tools/screenshot.ts

@@ -16,26 +16,31 @@
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
-import * as javascript from '../javascript.js';
-import { outputFile } from '../config.js';
+import { defineTabTool } from './tool.js';
+import * as javascript from '../utils/codegen.js';
 import { generateLocator } from './utils.js';
 
 import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
 
 const screenshotSchema = z.object({
-  raw: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to return without compression (in PNG format). Default is false, which returns a JPEG image.'),
+  type: z.enum(['png', 'jpeg']).default('png').describe('Image format for the screenshot. Default is png.'),
   filename: z.string().optional().describe('File name to save the screenshot to. Defaults to `page-{timestamp}.{png|jpeg}` if not specified.'),
   element: z.string().optional().describe('Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to screenshot the element. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If element is provided, ref must be provided too.'),
   ref: z.string().optional().describe('Exact target element reference from the page snapshot. If not provided, the screenshot will be taken of viewport. If ref is provided, element must be provided too.'),
+  fullPage: z.boolean().optional().describe('When true, takes a screenshot of the full scrollable page, instead of the currently visible viewport. Cannot be used with element screenshots.'),
 }).refine(data => {
   return !!data.element === !!data.ref;
 }, {
   message: 'Both element and ref must be provided or neither.',
   path: ['ref', 'element']
+}).refine(data => {
+  return !(data.fullPage && (data.element || data.ref));
+}, {
+  message: 'fullPage cannot be used with element screenshots.',
+  path: ['fullPage']
 });
 
-const screenshot = defineTool({
+const screenshot = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_take_screenshot',
@@ -45,43 +50,40 @@ const screenshot = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    const snapshot = tab.snapshotOrDie();
-    const fileType = params.raw ? 'png' : 'jpeg';
-    const fileName = await outputFile(context.config, params.filename ?? `page-${new Date().toISOString()}.${fileType}`);
-    const options: playwright.PageScreenshotOptions = { type: fileType, quality: fileType === 'png' ? undefined : 50, scale: 'css', path: fileName };
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    const fileType = params.type || 'png';
+    const fileName = await tab.context.outputFile(params.filename ?? `page-${new Date().toISOString()}.${fileType}`);
+    const options: playwright.PageScreenshotOptions = {
+      type: fileType,
+      quality: fileType === 'png' ? undefined : 90,
+      scale: 'css',
+      path: fileName,
+      ...(params.fullPage !== undefined && { fullPage: params.fullPage })
+    };
     const isElementScreenshot = params.element && params.ref;
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Screenshot ${isElementScreenshot ? params.element : 'viewport'} and save it as ${fileName}`,
-    ];
+    const screenshotTarget = isElementScreenshot ? params.element : (params.fullPage ? 'full page' : 'viewport');
+    response.addCode(`// Screenshot ${screenshotTarget} and save it as ${fileName}`);
 
-    const locator = params.ref ? snapshot.refLocator(params.ref) : null;
+    // Only get snapshot when element screenshot is needed
+    const locator = params.ref ? await tab.refLocator({ element: params.element || '', ref: params.ref }) : null;
 
     if (locator)
-      code.push(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.screenshot(${javascript.formatObject(options)});`);
+      response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.screenshot(${javascript.formatObject(options)});`);
     else
-      code.push(`await page.screenshot(${javascript.formatObject(options)});`);
+      response.addCode(`await page.screenshot(${javascript.formatObject(options)});`);
 
-    const includeBase64 = !context.config.noImageResponses;
-    const action = async () => {
-      const screenshot = locator ? await locator.screenshot(options) : await tab.page.screenshot(options);
-      return {
-        content: includeBase64 ? [{
-          type: 'image' as 'image',
-          data: screenshot.toString('base64'),
-          mimeType: fileType === 'png' ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg',
-        }] : []
-      };
-    };
+    const buffer = locator ? await locator.screenshot(options) : await tab.page.screenshot(options);
+    response.addResult(`Took the ${screenshotTarget} screenshot and saved it as ${fileName}`);
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    // https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp/issues/817
+    // Never return large images to LLM, saving them to the file system is enough.
+    if (!params.fullPage) {
+      response.addImage({
+        contentType: fileType === 'png' ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg',
+        data: buffer
+      });
+    }
   }
 });
 

src/tools/snapshot.ts

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
-import * as javascript from '../javascript.js';
+import { defineTabTool, defineTool } from './tool.js';
+import * as javascript from '../utils/codegen.js';
 import { generateLocator } from './utils.js';
 
 const snapshot = defineTool({
@@ -30,51 +30,55 @@ const snapshot = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async context => {
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
     await context.ensureTab();
-
-    return {
-      code: [`// <internal code to capture accessibility snapshot>`],
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
   },
 });
 
-const elementSchema = z.object({
+export const elementSchema = z.object({
   element: z.string().describe('Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element'),
   ref: z.string().describe('Exact target element reference from the page snapshot'),
 });
 
-const click = defineTool({
+const clickSchema = elementSchema.extend({
+  doubleClick: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to perform a double click instead of a single click'),
+  button: z.enum(['left', 'right', 'middle']).optional().describe('Button to click, defaults to left'),
+});
+
+const click = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_click',
     title: 'Click',
     description: 'Perform click on a web page',
-    inputSchema: elementSchema,
+    inputSchema: clickSchema,
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    const locator = tab.snapshotOrDie().refLocator(params.ref);
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Click ${params.element}`,
-      `await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.click();`
-    ];
+    const locator = await tab.refLocator(params);
+    const button = params.button;
+    const buttonAttr = button ? `{ button: '${button}' }` : '';
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: () => locator.click(),
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
+    if (params.doubleClick)
+      response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.dblclick(${buttonAttr});`);
+    else
+      response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.click(${buttonAttr});`);
+
+
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      if (params.doubleClick)
+        await locator.dblclick({ button });
+      else
+        await locator.click({ button });
+    });
   },
 });
 
-const drag = defineTool({
+const drag = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_drag',
@@ -89,26 +93,23 @@ const drag = defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const snapshot = context.currentTabOrDie().snapshotOrDie();
-    const startLocator = snapshot.refLocator(params.startRef);
-    const endLocator = snapshot.refLocator(params.endRef);
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Drag ${params.startElement} to ${params.endElement}`,
-      `await page.${await generateLocator(startLocator)}.dragTo(page.${await generateLocator(endLocator)});`
-    ];
+    const [startLocator, endLocator] = await tab.refLocators([
+      { ref: params.startRef, element: params.startElement },
+      { ref: params.endRef, element: params.endElement },
+    ]);
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: () => startLocator.dragTo(endLocator),
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await startLocator.dragTo(endLocator);
+    });
+
+    response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(startLocator)}.dragTo(page.${await generateLocator(endLocator)});`);
   },
 });
 
-const hover = defineTool({
+const hover = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_hover',
@@ -118,69 +119,15 @@ const hover = defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const snapshot = context.currentTabOrDie().snapshotOrDie();
-    const locator = snapshot.refLocator(params.ref);
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Hover over ${params.element}`,
-      `await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.hover();`
-    ];
+    const locator = await tab.refLocator(params);
+    response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.hover();`);
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: () => locator.hover(),
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const typeSchema = elementSchema.extend({
-  text: z.string().describe('Text to type into the element'),
-  submit: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to submit entered text (press Enter after)'),
-  slowly: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to type one character at a time. Useful for triggering key handlers in the page. By default entire text is filled in at once.'),
-});
-
-const type = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_type',
-    title: 'Type text',
-    description: 'Type text into editable element',
-    inputSchema: typeSchema,
-    type: 'destructive',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const snapshot = context.currentTabOrDie().snapshotOrDie();
-    const locator = snapshot.refLocator(params.ref);
-
-    const code: string[] = [];
-    const steps: (() => Promise<void>)[] = [];
-
-    if (params.slowly) {
-      code.push(`// Press "${params.text}" sequentially into "${params.element}"`);
-      code.push(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.pressSequentially(${javascript.quote(params.text)});`);
-      steps.push(() => locator.pressSequentially(params.text));
-    } else {
-      code.push(`// Fill "${params.text}" into "${params.element}"`);
-      code.push(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.fill(${javascript.quote(params.text)});`);
-      steps.push(() => locator.fill(params.text));
-    }
-
-    if (params.submit) {
-      code.push(`// Submit text`);
-      code.push(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.press('Enter');`);
-      steps.push(() => locator.press('Enter'));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: () => steps.reduce((acc, step) => acc.then(step), Promise.resolve()),
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await locator.hover();
+    });
   },
 });
 
@@ -188,7 +135,7 @@ const selectOptionSchema = elementSchema.extend({
   values: z.array(z.string()).describe('Array of values to select in the dropdown. This can be a single value or multiple values.'),
 });
 
-const selectOption = defineTool({
+const selectOption = defineTabTool({
   capability: 'core',
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_select_option',
@@ -198,21 +145,15 @@ const selectOption = defineTool({
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const snapshot = context.currentTabOrDie().snapshotOrDie();
-    const locator = snapshot.refLocator(params.ref);
+  handle: async (tab, params, response) => {
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
 
-    const code = [
-      `// Select options [${params.values.join(', ')}] in ${params.element}`,
-      `await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.selectOption(${javascript.formatObject(params.values)});`
-    ];
+    const locator = await tab.refLocator(params);
+    response.addCode(`await page.${await generateLocator(locator)}.selectOption(${javascript.formatObject(params.values)});`);
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      action: () => locator.selectOption(params.values).then(() => {}),
-      captureSnapshot: true,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
+    await tab.waitForCompletion(async () => {
+      await locator.selectOption(params.values);
+    });
   },
 });
 
@@ -221,6 +162,5 @@ export default [
   click,
   drag,
   hover,
-  type,
   selectOption,
 ];

src/tools/tabs.ts

@@ -15,120 +15,50 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const listTabs = defineTool({
-  capability: 'tabs',
+const browserTabs = defineTool({
+  capability: 'core-tabs',
 
   schema: {
-    name: 'browser_tab_list',
-    title: 'List tabs',
-    description: 'List browser tabs',
-    inputSchema: z.object({}),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async context => {
-    await context.ensureTab();
-    return {
-      code: [`// <internal code to list tabs>`],
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-      resultOverride: {
-        content: [{
-          type: 'text',
-          text: await context.listTabsMarkdown(),
-        }],
-      },
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const selectTab: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'tabs',
-
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_tab_select',
-    title: 'Select a tab',
-    description: 'Select a tab by index',
+    name: 'browser_tabs',
+    title: 'Manage tabs',
+    description: 'List, create, close, or select a browser tab.',
     inputSchema: z.object({
-      index: z.number().describe('The index of the tab to select'),
-    }),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    await context.selectTab(params.index);
-    const code = [
-      `// <internal code to select tab ${params.index}>`,
-    ];
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const newTab: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'tabs',
-
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_tab_new',
-    title: 'Open a new tab',
-    description: 'Open a new tab',
-    inputSchema: z.object({
-      url: z.string().optional().describe('The URL to navigate to in the new tab. If not provided, the new tab will be blank.'),
-    }),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    await context.newTab();
-    if (params.url)
-      await context.currentTabOrDie().navigate(params.url);
-
-    const code = [
-      `// <internal code to open a new tab>`,
-    ];
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const closeTab: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'tabs',
-
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_tab_close',
-    title: 'Close a tab',
-    description: 'Close a tab',
-    inputSchema: z.object({
-      index: z.number().optional().describe('The index of the tab to close. Closes current tab if not provided.'),
+      action: z.enum(['list', 'new', 'close', 'select']).describe('Operation to perform'),
+      index: z.number().optional().describe('Tab index, used for close/select. If omitted for close, current tab is closed.'),
     }),
     type: 'destructive',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    await context.closeTab(params.index);
-    const code = [
-      `// <internal code to close tab ${params.index}>`,
-    ];
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false
-    };
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
+    switch (params.action) {
+      case 'list': {
+        await context.ensureTab();
+        response.setIncludeTabs();
+        return;
+      }
+      case 'new': {
+        await context.newTab();
+        response.setIncludeTabs();
+        return;
+      }
+      case 'close': {
+        await context.closeTab(params.index);
+        response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+        return;
+      }
+      case 'select': {
+        if (!params.index)
+          throw new Error('Tab index is required');
+        await context.selectTab(params.index);
+        response.setIncludeSnapshot();
+        return;
+      }
+    }
   },
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  listTabs,
-  newTab(captureSnapshot),
-  selectTab(captureSnapshot),
-  closeTab(captureSnapshot),
+export default [
+  browserTabs,
 ];

src/tools/testing.ts

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
-
-const generateTestSchema = z.object({
-  name: z.string().describe('The name of the test'),
-  description: z.string().describe('The description of the test'),
-  steps: z.array(z.string()).describe('The steps of the test'),
-});
-
-const generateTest = defineTool({
-  capability: 'testing',
-
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_generate_playwright_test',
-    title: 'Generate a Playwright test',
-    description: 'Generate a Playwright test for given scenario',
-    inputSchema: generateTestSchema,
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    return {
-      resultOverride: {
-        content: [{
-          type: 'text',
-          text: instructions(params),
-        }],
-      },
-      code: [],
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const instructions = (params: { name: string, description: string, steps: string[] }) => [
-  `## Instructions`,
-  `- You are a playwright test generator.`,
-  `- You are given a scenario and you need to generate a playwright test for it.`,
-  '- DO NOT generate test code based on the scenario alone. DO run steps one by one using the tools provided instead.',
-  '- Only after all steps are completed, emit a Playwright TypeScript test that uses @playwright/test based on message history',
-  '- Save generated test file in the tests directory',
-  `Test name: ${params.name}`,
-  `Description: ${params.description}`,
-  `Steps:`,
-  ...params.steps.map((step, index) => `- ${index + 1}. ${step}`),
-].join('\n');
-
-export default [
-  generateTest,
-];

src/tools/tool.ts

@@ -14,21 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import type { ImageContent, TextContent } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
 import type { z } from 'zod';
 import type { Context } from '../context.js';
 import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
 import type { ToolCapability } from '../../config.js';
-
-export type ToolSchema<Input extends InputType> = {
-  name: string;
-  title: string;
-  description: string;
-  inputSchema: Input;
-  type: 'readOnly' | 'destructive';
-};
-
-type InputType = z.Schema;
+import type { Tab } from '../tab.js';
+import type { Response } from '../response.js';
+import type { ToolSchema } from '../mcp/tool.js';
 
 export type FileUploadModalState = {
   type: 'fileChooser';
@@ -44,25 +36,35 @@ export type DialogModalState = {
 
 export type ModalState = FileUploadModalState | DialogModalState;
 
-export type ToolActionResult = { content?: (ImageContent | TextContent)[] } | undefined | void;
-
-export type ToolResult = {
-  code: string[];
-  action?: () => Promise<ToolActionResult>;
-  captureSnapshot: boolean;
-  waitForNetwork: boolean;
-  resultOverride?: ToolActionResult;
+export type Tool<Input extends z.Schema = z.Schema> = {
+  capability: ToolCapability;
+  schema: ToolSchema<Input>;
+  handle: (context: Context, params: z.output<Input>, response: Response) => Promise<void>;
 };
 
-export type Tool<Input extends InputType = InputType> = {
+export function defineTool<Input extends z.Schema>(tool: Tool<Input>): Tool<Input> {
+  return tool;
+}
+
+export type TabTool<Input extends z.Schema = z.Schema> = {
   capability: ToolCapability;
   schema: ToolSchema<Input>;
   clearsModalState?: ModalState['type'];
-  handle: (context: Context, params: z.output<Input>) => Promise<ToolResult>;
+  handle: (tab: Tab, params: z.output<Input>, response: Response) => Promise<void>;
 };
 
-export type ToolFactory = (snapshot: boolean) => Tool<any>;
-
-export function defineTool<Input extends InputType>(tool: Tool<Input>): Tool<Input> {
-  return tool;
+export function defineTabTool<Input extends z.Schema>(tool: TabTool<Input>): Tool<Input> {
+  return {
+    ...tool,
+    handle: async (context, params, response) => {
+      const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
+      const modalStates = tab.modalStates().map(state => state.type);
+      if (tool.clearsModalState && !modalStates.includes(tool.clearsModalState))
+        response.addError(`Error: The tool "${tool.schema.name}" can only be used when there is related modal state present.\n` + tab.modalStatesMarkdown().join('\n'));
+      else if (!tool.clearsModalState && modalStates.length)
+        response.addError(`Error: Tool "${tool.schema.name}" does not handle the modal state.\n` + tab.modalStatesMarkdown().join('\n'));
+      else
+        return tool.handle(tab, params, response);
+    },
+  };
 }

src/tools/utils.ts

@@ -14,10 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
-import type { Context } from '../context.js';
+// @ts-ignore
+import { asLocator } from 'playwright-core/lib/utils';
 
-export async function waitForCompletion<R>(context: Context, page: playwright.Page, callback: () => Promise<R>): Promise<R> {
+import type * as playwright from 'playwright';
+import type { Tab } from '../tab.js';
+
+export async function waitForCompletion<R>(tab: Tab, callback: () => Promise<R>): Promise<R> {
   const requests = new Set<playwright.Request>();
   let frameNavigated = false;
   let waitCallback: () => void = () => {};
@@ -36,9 +39,7 @@ export async function waitForCompletion<R>(context: Context, page: playwright.Pa
     frameNavigated = true;
     dispose();
     clearTimeout(timeout);
-    void frame.waitForLoadState('load').then(() => {
-      waitCallback();
-    });
+    void tab.waitForLoadState('load').then(waitCallback);
   };
 
   const onTimeout = () => {
@@ -46,15 +47,15 @@ export async function waitForCompletion<R>(context: Context, page: playwright.Pa
     waitCallback();
   };
 
-  page.on('request', requestListener);
-  page.on('requestfinished', requestFinishedListener);
-  page.on('framenavigated', frameNavigateListener);
+  tab.page.on('request', requestListener);
+  tab.page.on('requestfinished', requestFinishedListener);
+  tab.page.on('framenavigated', frameNavigateListener);
   const timeout = setTimeout(onTimeout, 10000);
 
   const dispose = () => {
-    page.off('request', requestListener);
-    page.off('requestfinished', requestFinishedListener);
-    page.off('framenavigated', frameNavigateListener);
+    tab.page.off('request', requestListener);
+    tab.page.off('requestfinished', requestFinishedListener);
+    tab.page.off('framenavigated', frameNavigateListener);
     clearTimeout(timeout);
   };
 
@@ -63,21 +64,22 @@ export async function waitForCompletion<R>(context: Context, page: playwright.Pa
     if (!requests.size && !frameNavigated)
       waitCallback();
     await waitBarrier;
-    await context.waitForTimeout(1000);
+    await tab.waitForTimeout(1000);
     return result;
   } finally {
     dispose();
   }
 }
 
-export function sanitizeForFilePath(s: string) {
-  const sanitize = (s: string) => s.replace(/[\x00-\x2C\x2E-\x2F\x3A-\x40\x5B-\x60\x7B-\x7F]+/g, '-');
-  const separator = s.lastIndexOf('.');
-  if (separator === -1)
-    return sanitize(s);
-  return sanitize(s.substring(0, separator)) + '.' + sanitize(s.substring(separator + 1));
+export async function generateLocator(locator: playwright.Locator): Promise<string> {
+  try {
+    const { resolvedSelector } = await (locator as any)._resolveSelector();
+    return asLocator('javascript', resolvedSelector);
+  } catch (e) {
+    throw new Error('Ref not found, likely because element was removed. Use browser_snapshot to see what elements are currently on the page.');
+  }
 }
 
-export async function generateLocator(locator: playwright.Locator): Promise<string> {
-  return (locator as any)._generateLocatorString();
+export async function callOnPageNoTrace<T>(page: playwright.Page, callback: (page: playwright.Page) => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+  return await (page as any)._wrapApiCall(() => callback(page), { internal: true });
 }

src/tools/vision.ts

@@ -1,213 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
-
-import * as javascript from '../javascript.js';
-
-const elementSchema = z.object({
-  element: z.string().describe('Human-readable element description used to obtain permission to interact with the element'),
-});
-
-const screenshot = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_screen_capture',
-    title: 'Take a screenshot',
-    description: 'Take a screenshot of the current page',
-    inputSchema: z.object({}),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async context => {
-    const tab = await context.ensureTab();
-    const options = { type: 'jpeg' as 'jpeg', quality: 50, scale: 'css' as 'css' };
-
-    const code = [
-      `// Take a screenshot of the current page`,
-      `await page.screenshot(${javascript.formatObject(options)});`,
-    ];
-
-    const action = () => tab.page.screenshot(options).then(buffer => {
-      return {
-        content: [{ type: 'image' as 'image', data: buffer.toString('base64'), mimeType: 'image/jpeg' }],
-      };
-    });
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const moveMouse = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_screen_move_mouse',
-    title: 'Move mouse',
-    description: 'Move mouse to a given position',
-    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
-      x: z.number().describe('X coordinate'),
-      y: z.number().describe('Y coordinate'),
-    }),
-    type: 'readOnly',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    const code = [
-      `// Move mouse to (${params.x}, ${params.y})`,
-      `await page.mouse.move(${params.x}, ${params.y});`,
-    ];
-    const action = () => tab.page.mouse.move(params.x, params.y);
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: false
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const click = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_screen_click',
-    title: 'Click',
-    description: 'Click left mouse button',
-    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
-      x: z.number().describe('X coordinate'),
-      y: z.number().describe('Y coordinate'),
-    }),
-    type: 'destructive',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-    const code = [
-      `// Click mouse at coordinates (${params.x}, ${params.y})`,
-      `await page.mouse.move(${params.x}, ${params.y});`,
-      `await page.mouse.down();`,
-      `await page.mouse.up();`,
-    ];
-    const action = async () => {
-      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.x, params.y);
-      await tab.page.mouse.down();
-      await tab.page.mouse.up();
-    };
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const drag = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_screen_drag',
-    title: 'Drag mouse',
-    description: 'Drag left mouse button',
-    inputSchema: elementSchema.extend({
-      startX: z.number().describe('Start X coordinate'),
-      startY: z.number().describe('Start Y coordinate'),
-      endX: z.number().describe('End X coordinate'),
-      endY: z.number().describe('End Y coordinate'),
-    }),
-    type: 'destructive',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-
-    const code = [
-      `// Drag mouse from (${params.startX}, ${params.startY}) to (${params.endX}, ${params.endY})`,
-      `await page.mouse.move(${params.startX}, ${params.startY});`,
-      `await page.mouse.down();`,
-      `await page.mouse.move(${params.endX}, ${params.endY});`,
-      `await page.mouse.up();`,
-    ];
-
-    const action = async () => {
-      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.startX, params.startY);
-      await tab.page.mouse.down();
-      await tab.page.mouse.move(params.endX, params.endY);
-      await tab.page.mouse.up();
-    };
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-const type = defineTool({
-  capability: 'core',
-  schema: {
-    name: 'browser_screen_type',
-    title: 'Type text',
-    description: 'Type text',
-    inputSchema: z.object({
-      text: z.string().describe('Text to type into the element'),
-      submit: z.boolean().optional().describe('Whether to submit entered text (press Enter after)'),
-    }),
-    type: 'destructive',
-  },
-
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
-    const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
-
-    const code = [
-      `// Type ${params.text}`,
-      `await page.keyboard.type('${params.text}');`,
-    ];
-
-    const action = async () => {
-      await tab.page.keyboard.type(params.text);
-      if (params.submit)
-        await tab.page.keyboard.press('Enter');
-    };
-
-    if (params.submit) {
-      code.push(`// Submit text`);
-      code.push(`await page.keyboard.press('Enter');`);
-    }
-
-    return {
-      code,
-      action,
-      captureSnapshot: false,
-      waitForNetwork: true,
-    };
-  },
-});
-
-export default [
-  screenshot,
-  moveMouse,
-  click,
-  drag,
-  type,
-];

src/tools/wait.ts

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
  */
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { defineTool, type ToolFactory } from './tool.js';
+import { defineTool } from './tool.js';
 
-const wait: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
-  capability: 'wait',
+const wait = defineTool({
+  capability: 'core',
 
   schema: {
     name: 'browser_wait_for',
@@ -32,15 +32,13 @@ const wait: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     type: 'readOnly',
   },
 
-  handle: async (context, params) => {
+  handle: async (context, params, response) => {
     if (!params.text && !params.textGone && !params.time)
       throw new Error('Either time, text or textGone must be provided');
 
-    const code: string[] = [];
-
     if (params.time) {
-      code.push(`await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, ${params.time!} * 1000));`);
-      await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, Math.min(10000, params.time! * 1000)));
+      response.addCode(`await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, ${params.time!} * 1000));`);
+      await new Promise(f => setTimeout(f, Math.min(30000, params.time! * 1000)));
     }
 
     const tab = context.currentTabOrDie();
@@ -48,23 +46,20 @@ const wait: ToolFactory = captureSnapshot => defineTool({
     const goneLocator = params.textGone ? tab.page.getByText(params.textGone).first() : undefined;
 
     if (goneLocator) {
-      code.push(`await page.getByText(${JSON.stringify(params.textGone)}).first().waitFor({ state: 'hidden' });`);
+      response.addCode(`await page.getByText(${JSON.stringify(params.textGone)}).first().waitFor({ state: 'hidden' });`);
       await goneLocator.waitFor({ state: 'hidden' });
     }
 
     if (locator) {
-      code.push(`await page.getByText(${JSON.stringify(params.text)}).first().waitFor({ state: 'visible' });`);
+      response.addCode(`await page.getByText(${JSON.stringify(params.text)}).first().waitFor({ state: 'visible' });`);
       await locator.waitFor({ state: 'visible' });
     }
 
-    return {
-      code,
-      captureSnapshot,
-      waitForNetwork: false,
-    };
+    response.addResult(`Waited for ${params.text || params.textGone || params.time}`);
+    response.setIncludeSnapshot();
   },
 });
 
-export default (captureSnapshot: boolean) => [
-  wait(captureSnapshot),
+export default [
+  wait,
 ];

src/transport.ts

@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import http from 'node:http';
-import assert from 'node:assert';
-import crypto from 'node:crypto';
-
-import { SSEServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/sse.js';
-import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js';
-import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js';
-
-import { createConnection } from './connection.js';
-
-import type { Config } from '../config.js';
-import type { Connection } from './connection.js';
-
-export async function startStdioTransport(config: Config, connectionList: Connection[]) {
-  const connection = await createConnection(config);
-  await connection.connect(new StdioServerTransport());
-  connectionList.push(connection);
-}
-
-async function handleSSE(config: Config, req: http.IncomingMessage, res: http.ServerResponse, url: URL, sessions: Map<string, SSEServerTransport>, connectionList: Connection[]) {
-  if (req.method === 'POST') {
-    const sessionId = url.searchParams.get('sessionId');
-    if (!sessionId) {
-      res.statusCode = 400;
-      return res.end('Missing sessionId');
-    }
-
-    const transport = sessions.get(sessionId);
-    if (!transport) {
-      res.statusCode = 404;
-      return res.end('Session not found');
-    }
-
-    return await transport.handlePostMessage(req, res);
-  } else if (req.method === 'GET') {
-    const transport = new SSEServerTransport('/sse', res);
-    sessions.set(transport.sessionId, transport);
-    const connection = await createConnection(config);
-    await connection.connect(transport);
-    connectionList.push(connection);
-    res.on('close', () => {
-      sessions.delete(transport.sessionId);
-      connection.close().catch(e => {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-        console.error(e);
-      });
-    });
-    return;
-  }
-
-  res.statusCode = 405;
-  res.end('Method not allowed');
-}
-
-async function handleStreamable(config: Config, req: http.IncomingMessage, res: http.ServerResponse, sessions: Map<string, StreamableHTTPServerTransport>, connectionList: Connection[]) {
-  const sessionId = req.headers['mcp-session-id'] as string | undefined;
-  if (sessionId) {
-    const transport = sessions.get(sessionId);
-    if (!transport) {
-      res.statusCode = 404;
-      res.end('Session not found');
-      return;
-    }
-    return await transport.handleRequest(req, res);
-  }
-
-  if (req.method === 'POST') {
-    const transport = new StreamableHTTPServerTransport({
-      sessionIdGenerator: () => crypto.randomUUID(),
-      onsessioninitialized: sessionId => {
-        sessions.set(sessionId, transport);
-      }
-    });
-    transport.onclose = () => {
-      if (transport.sessionId)
-        sessions.delete(transport.sessionId);
-    };
-    const connection = await createConnection(config);
-    connectionList.push(connection);
-    await Promise.all([
-      connection.connect(transport),
-      transport.handleRequest(req, res),
-    ]);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  res.statusCode = 400;
-  res.end('Invalid request');
-}
-
-export function startHttpTransport(config: Config, port: number, hostname: string | undefined, connectionList: Connection[]) {
-  const sseSessions = new Map<string, SSEServerTransport>();
-  const streamableSessions = new Map<string, StreamableHTTPServerTransport>();
-  const httpServer = http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
-    const url = new URL(`http://localhost${req.url}`);
-    if (url.pathname.startsWith('/mcp'))
-      await handleStreamable(config, req, res, streamableSessions, connectionList);
-    else
-      await handleSSE(config, req, res, url, sseSessions, connectionList);
-  });
-  httpServer.listen(port, hostname, () => {
-    const address = httpServer.address();
-    assert(address, 'Could not bind server socket');
-    let url: string;
-    if (typeof address === 'string') {
-      url = address;
-    } else {
-      const resolvedPort = address.port;
-      let resolvedHost = address.family === 'IPv4' ? address.address : `[${address.address}]`;
-      if (resolvedHost === '0.0.0.0' || resolvedHost === '[::]')
-        resolvedHost = 'localhost';
-      url = `http://${resolvedHost}:${resolvedPort}`;
-    }
-    const message = [
-      `Listening on ${url}`,
-      'Put this in your client config:',
-      JSON.stringify({
-        'mcpServers': {
-          'playwright': {
-            'url': `${url}/sse`
-          }
-        }
-      }, undefined, 2),
-      'If your client supports streamable HTTP, you can use the /mcp endpoint instead.',
-    ].join('\n');
-    // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-    console.log(message);
-  });
-}

src/utils/codegen.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export function escapeWithQuotes(text: string, char: string = '\'') {
   if (char === '"')
     return char + escapedText.replace(/["]/g, '\\"') + char;
   if (char === '`')
-    return char + escapedText.replace(/[`]/g, '`') + char;
+    return char + escapedText.replace(/[`]/g, '\\`') + char;
   throw new Error('Invalid escape char');
 }
 

src/utils/fileUtils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import os from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+
+export function cacheDir() {
+  let cacheDirectory: string;
+  if (process.platform === 'linux')
+    cacheDirectory = process.env.XDG_CACHE_HOME || path.join(os.homedir(), '.cache');
+  else if (process.platform === 'darwin')
+    cacheDirectory = path.join(os.homedir(), 'Library', 'Caches');
+  else if (process.platform === 'win32')
+    cacheDirectory = process.env.LOCALAPPDATA || path.join(os.homedir(), 'AppData', 'Local');
+  else
+    throw new Error('Unsupported platform: ' + process.platform);
+  return path.join(cacheDirectory, 'ms-playwright');
+}
+
+export function sanitizeForFilePath(s: string) {
+  const sanitize = (s: string) => s.replace(/[\x00-\x2C\x2E-\x2F\x3A-\x40\x5B-\x60\x7B-\x7F]+/g, '-');
+  const separator = s.lastIndexOf('.');
+  if (separator === -1)
+    return sanitize(s);
+  return sanitize(s.substring(0, separator)) + '.' + sanitize(s.substring(separator + 1));
+}

src/utils/guid.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import crypto from 'crypto';
+
+export function createGuid(): string {
+  return crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex');
+}
+
+export function createHash(data: string): string {
+  return crypto.createHash('sha256').update(data).digest('hex').slice(0, 7);
+}

src/utils/log.ts

@@ -14,23 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-import type { Context } from '../context.js';
+import debug from 'debug';
 
-export type ResourceSchema = {
-  uri: string;
-  name: string;
-  description?: string;
-  mimeType?: string;
-};
+const errorsDebug = debug('pw:mcp:errors');
 
-export type ResourceResult = {
-  uri: string;
-  mimeType?: string;
-  text?: string;
-  blob?: string;
-};
+export function logUnhandledError(error: unknown) {
+  errorsDebug(error);
+}
 
-export type Resource = {
-  schema: ResourceSchema;
-  read: (context: Context, uri: string) => Promise<ResourceResult[]>;
-};
+export const testDebug = debug('pw:mcp:test');

src/utils/package.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+import url from 'url';
+
+const __filename = url.fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+export const packageJSON = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(path.dirname(__filename), '..', '..', 'package.json'), 'utf8'));

src/vscode/DEPS.list

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[*]
+../mcp/
+../utils/
+../config.js
+../browserServerBackend.js
+../browserContextFactory.js

src/vscode/host.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import path from 'path';
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { zodToJsonSchema } from 'zod-to-json-schema';
+
+
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js';
+import { ListRootsRequestSchema, PingRequestSchema } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js';
+import * as mcpServer from '../mcp/server.js';
+import { logUnhandledError } from '../utils/log.js';
+import { packageJSON } from '../utils/package.js';
+
+import { FullConfig } from '../config.js';
+import { BrowserServerBackend } from '../browserServerBackend.js';
+import { contextFactory } from '../browserContextFactory.js';
+import type { Transport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js';
+import type { ClientVersion, ServerBackend } from '../mcp/server.js';
+import type { Root, Tool, CallToolResult, CallToolRequest } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
+
+const contextSwitchOptions = z.object({
+  connectionString: z.string().optional().describe('The connection string to use to connect to the browser'),
+  lib: z.string().optional().describe('The library to use for the connection'),
+});
+
+class VSCodeProxyBackend implements ServerBackend {
+  name = 'Playwright MCP Client Switcher';
+  version = packageJSON.version;
+
+  private _currentClient: Client | undefined;
+  private _contextSwitchTool: Tool;
+  private _roots: Root[] = [];
+  private _clientVersion?: ClientVersion;
+
+  constructor(private readonly _config: FullConfig, private readonly _defaultTransportFactory: () => Promise<Transport>) {
+    this._contextSwitchTool = this._defineContextSwitchTool();
+  }
+
+  async initialize(server: mcpServer.Server, clientVersion: ClientVersion, roots: Root[]): Promise<void> {
+    this._clientVersion = clientVersion;
+    this._roots = roots;
+    const transport = await this._defaultTransportFactory();
+    await this._setCurrentClient(transport);
+  }
+
+  async listTools(): Promise<Tool[]> {
+    const response = await this._currentClient!.listTools();
+    return [
+      ...response.tools,
+      this._contextSwitchTool,
+    ];
+  }
+
+  async callTool(name: string, args: CallToolRequest['params']['arguments']): Promise<CallToolResult> {
+    if (name === this._contextSwitchTool.name)
+      return this._callContextSwitchTool(args as any);
+    return await this._currentClient!.callTool({
+      name,
+      arguments: args,
+    }) as CallToolResult;
+  }
+
+  serverClosed?(server: mcpServer.Server): void {
+    void this._currentClient?.close().catch(logUnhandledError);
+  }
+
+  private async _callContextSwitchTool(params: z.infer<typeof contextSwitchOptions>): Promise<CallToolResult> {
+    if (!params.connectionString || !params.lib) {
+      const transport = await this._defaultTransportFactory();
+      await this._setCurrentClient(transport);
+      return {
+        content: [{ type: 'text', text: '### Result\nSuccessfully disconnected.\n' }],
+      };
+    }
+
+    await this._setCurrentClient(
+        new StdioClientTransport({
+          command: process.execPath,
+          cwd: process.cwd(),
+          args: [
+            path.join(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url), '..', 'main.js'),
+            JSON.stringify(this._config),
+            params.connectionString,
+            params.lib,
+          ],
+        })
+    );
+    return {
+      content: [{ type: 'text', text: '### Result\nSuccessfully connected.\n' }],
+    };
+  }
+
+  private _defineContextSwitchTool(): Tool {
+    return {
+      name: 'browser_connect',
+      description: 'Do not call, this tool is used in the integration with the Playwright VS Code Extension and meant for programmatic usage only.',
+      inputSchema: zodToJsonSchema(contextSwitchOptions, { strictUnions: true }) as Tool['inputSchema'],
+      annotations: {
+        title: 'Connect to a browser running in VS Code.',
+        readOnlyHint: true,
+        openWorldHint: false,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  private async _setCurrentClient(transport: Transport) {
+    await this._currentClient?.close();
+    this._currentClient = undefined;
+
+    const client = new Client(this._clientVersion!);
+    client.registerCapabilities({
+      roots: {
+        listRoots: true,
+      },
+    });
+    client.setRequestHandler(ListRootsRequestSchema, () => ({ roots: this._roots }));
+    client.setRequestHandler(PingRequestSchema, () => ({}));
+
+    await client.connect(transport);
+    this._currentClient = client;
+  }
+}
+
+export async function runVSCodeTools(config: FullConfig) {
+  const serverBackendFactory: mcpServer.ServerBackendFactory = {
+    name: 'Playwright w/ vscode',
+    nameInConfig: 'playwright-vscode',
+    version: packageJSON.version,
+    create: () => new VSCodeProxyBackend(config, () => mcpServer.wrapInProcess(new BrowserServerBackend(config, contextFactory(config))))
+  };
+  await mcpServer.start(serverBackendFactory, config.server);
+  return;
+}