fix: address critical issues in PR #75 agent scheduling feature

This commit fixes several issues identified in the agent scheduling
feature from PR #75:

Frontend Fixes:
- Add day boundary handling in timeUtils.ts for timezone conversions
- Add utcToLocalWithDayShift/localToUTCWithDayShift functions
- Add shiftDaysForward/shiftDaysBackward helpers for bitfield adjustment
- Update ScheduleModal to correctly adjust days_of_week when crossing
  day boundaries during UTC conversion (fixes schedules running on
  wrong days for users in extreme timezones like UTC+9)

Backend Fixes:
- Add MAX_SCHEDULES_PER_PROJECT (50) limit to prevent resource exhaustion
- Wire up crash recovery callback in scheduler_service._start_agent()
- Convert schedules.py endpoints to use context manager for DB sessions
- Fix race condition in override creation with atomic delete-then-create
- Replace deprecated datetime.utcnow with datetime.now(timezone.utc)
- Add DB-level CHECK constraints for Schedule model fields

Files Modified:
- api/database.py: Add _utc_now helper, CheckConstraint imports, constraints
- progress.py: Replace deprecated datetime.utcnow
- server/routers/schedules.py: Add context manager, schedule limits
- server/services/assistant_database.py: Replace deprecated datetime.utcnow
- server/services/scheduler_service.py: Wire crash recovery, fix race condition
- ui/src/components/ScheduleModal.tsx: Use day shift functions
- ui/src/lib/timeUtils.ts: Add day boundary handling functions

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ui/src/components/ScheduleModal.tsx

@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@ import {
   useToggleSchedule,
 } from '../hooks/useSchedules'
 import {
-  utcToLocal,
-  localToUTC,
+  utcToLocalWithDayShift,
+  localToUTCWithDayShift,
+  adjustDaysForDayShift,
   formatDuration,
   DAYS,
   isDayActive,
@@ -109,10 +110,18 @@ export function ScheduleModal({ projectName, isOpen, onClose }: ScheduleModalPro
         return
       }
 
-      // Convert local time to UTC
+      // Convert local time to UTC and get day shift
+      const { time: utcTime, dayShift } = localToUTCWithDayShift(newSchedule.start_time)
+
+      // Adjust days_of_week based on day shift
+      // If UTC is on the next day (dayShift = 1), shift days forward
+      // If UTC is on the previous day (dayShift = -1), shift days backward
+      const adjustedDays = adjustDaysForDayShift(newSchedule.days_of_week, dayShift)
+
       const scheduleToCreate = {
         ...newSchedule,
-        start_time: localToUTC(newSchedule.start_time),
+        start_time: utcTime,
+        days_of_week: adjustedDays,
       }
 
       await createSchedule.mutateAsync(scheduleToCreate)
@@ -203,8 +212,12 @@ export function ScheduleModal({ projectName, isOpen, onClose }: ScheduleModalPro
         {!isLoading && schedules.length > 0 && (
           <div className="space-y-3 mb-6 max-h-[300px] overflow-y-auto">
             {schedules.map((schedule) => {
-              const localTime = utcToLocal(schedule.start_time)
+              // Convert UTC time to local and get day shift for display
+              const { time: localTime, dayShift } = utcToLocalWithDayShift(schedule.start_time)
               const duration = formatDuration(schedule.duration_minutes)
+              // Adjust displayed days: if local is next day (dayShift=1), shift forward
+              // if local is prev day (dayShift=-1), shift backward
+              const displayDays = adjustDaysForDayShift(schedule.days_of_week, dayShift)
 
               return (
                 <div
@@ -223,7 +236,7 @@ export function ScheduleModal({ projectName, isOpen, onClose }: ScheduleModalPro
                     {/* Days */}
                     <div className="flex gap-1 mb-2">
                       {DAYS.map((day) => {
-                        const isActive = isDayActive(schedule.days_of_week, day.bit)
+                        const isActive = isDayActive(displayDays, day.bit)
                         return (
                           <span
                             key={day.label}

ui/src/lib/timeUtils.ts

@@ -4,38 +4,135 @@
  *
  * Utilities for converting between UTC and local time for schedule management.
  * All times in the database are stored in UTC and displayed in the user's local timezone.
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT: When converting times, day boundaries may be crossed. For example:
+ * - Tokyo (UTC+9) user sets 02:00 local → 17:00 UTC previous day
+ * - New York (UTC-5) user sets 22:00 local → 03:00 UTC next day
+ *
+ * The days_of_week bitfield must be adjusted accordingly using shiftDaysForward/shiftDaysBackward.
  */
 
+/**
+ * Result of time conversion including day shift information.
+ */
+export interface TimeConversionResult {
+  time: string
+  dayShift: -1 | 0 | 1 // -1 = previous day, 0 = same day, 1 = next day
+}
+
 /**
  * Convert "HH:MM" UTC time to user's local time.
  * @param utcTime Time string in "HH:MM" format (UTC)
- * @returns Time string in "HH:MM" format (local)
+ * @returns Object with local time string and day shift indicator
  */
-export function utcToLocal(utcTime: string): string {
+export function utcToLocalWithDayShift(utcTime: string): TimeConversionResult {
   const [hours, minutes] = utcTime.split(':').map(Number)
-  const utcDate = new Date()
-  utcDate.setUTCHours(hours, minutes, 0, 0)
+
+  // Use a fixed reference date to calculate the shift
+  const utcDate = new Date(Date.UTC(2000, 0, 15, hours, minutes, 0, 0)) // Jan 15, 2000
+  const localDay = utcDate.getDate()
+
+  let dayShift: -1 | 0 | 1 = 0
+  if (localDay === 14) dayShift = -1 // Went to previous day
+  if (localDay === 16) dayShift = 1 // Went to next day
 
   const localHours = utcDate.getHours()
   const localMinutes = utcDate.getMinutes()
 
-  return `${String(localHours).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(localMinutes).padStart(2, '0')}`
+  return {
+    time: `${String(localHours).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(localMinutes).padStart(2, '0')}`,
+    dayShift,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert "HH:MM" UTC time to user's local time (legacy function for backwards compatibility).
+ * @param utcTime Time string in "HH:MM" format (UTC)
+ * @returns Time string in "HH:MM" format (local)
+ */
+export function utcToLocal(utcTime: string): string {
+  return utcToLocalWithDayShift(utcTime).time
 }
 
 /**
  * Convert "HH:MM" local time to UTC for storage.
  * @param localTime Time string in "HH:MM" format (local)
- * @returns Time string in "HH:MM" format (UTC)
+ * @returns Object with UTC time string and day shift indicator
  */
-export function localToUTC(localTime: string): string {
+export function localToUTCWithDayShift(localTime: string): TimeConversionResult {
   const [hours, minutes] = localTime.split(':').map(Number)
-  const localDate = new Date()
-  localDate.setHours(hours, minutes, 0, 0)
+
+  // Use a fixed reference date to calculate the shift
+  // Set local time on Jan 15, then check UTC date
+  const localDate = new Date(2000, 0, 15, hours, minutes, 0, 0) // Jan 15, 2000 local
+  const utcDay = localDate.getUTCDate()
+
+  let dayShift: -1 | 0 | 1 = 0
+  if (utcDay === 14) dayShift = -1 // UTC is previous day
+  if (utcDay === 16) dayShift = 1 // UTC is next day
 
   const utcHours = localDate.getUTCHours()
   const utcMinutes = localDate.getUTCMinutes()
 
-  return `${String(utcHours).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(utcMinutes).padStart(2, '0')}`
+  return {
+    time: `${String(utcHours).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(utcMinutes).padStart(2, '0')}`,
+    dayShift,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert "HH:MM" local time to UTC for storage (legacy function for backwards compatibility).
+ * @param localTime Time string in "HH:MM" format (local)
+ * @returns Time string in "HH:MM" format (UTC)
+ */
+export function localToUTC(localTime: string): string {
+  return localToUTCWithDayShift(localTime).time
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shift days_of_week bitfield forward by one day.
+ * Used when UTC time is on the next day relative to local time.
+ * Example: Mon(1) -> Tue(2), Sun(64) -> Mon(1)
+ */
+export function shiftDaysForward(bitfield: number): number {
+  let shifted = 0
+  if (bitfield & 1) shifted |= 2 // Mon -> Tue
+  if (bitfield & 2) shifted |= 4 // Tue -> Wed
+  if (bitfield & 4) shifted |= 8 // Wed -> Thu
+  if (bitfield & 8) shifted |= 16 // Thu -> Fri
+  if (bitfield & 16) shifted |= 32 // Fri -> Sat
+  if (bitfield & 32) shifted |= 64 // Sat -> Sun
+  if (bitfield & 64) shifted |= 1 // Sun -> Mon
+  return shifted
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shift days_of_week bitfield backward by one day.
+ * Used when UTC time is on the previous day relative to local time.
+ * Example: Tue(2) -> Mon(1), Mon(1) -> Sun(64)
+ */
+export function shiftDaysBackward(bitfield: number): number {
+  let shifted = 0
+  if (bitfield & 1) shifted |= 64 // Mon -> Sun
+  if (bitfield & 2) shifted |= 1 // Tue -> Mon
+  if (bitfield & 4) shifted |= 2 // Wed -> Tue
+  if (bitfield & 8) shifted |= 4 // Thu -> Wed
+  if (bitfield & 16) shifted |= 8 // Fri -> Thu
+  if (bitfield & 32) shifted |= 16 // Sat -> Fri
+  if (bitfield & 64) shifted |= 32 // Sun -> Sat
+  return shifted
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adjust days_of_week bitfield based on day shift from time conversion.
+ * @param bitfield Original days_of_week bitfield
+ * @param dayShift Day shift from time conversion (-1, 0, or 1)
+ * @returns Adjusted bitfield
+ */
+export function adjustDaysForDayShift(bitfield: number, dayShift: -1 | 0 | 1): number {
+  if (dayShift === 1) return shiftDaysForward(bitfield)
+  if (dayShift === -1) return shiftDaysBackward(bitfield)
+  return bitfield
 }
 
 /**