[feature] support using ray.remote to start distributed training. (#10109)

Co-authored-by: frozenleaves <frozen@Mac.local>
Co-authored-by: Yaowei Zheng <hiyouga@buaa.edu.cn>

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
           docker-images: false
 
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Get llamafactory version
         id: version

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -54,10 +54,11 @@ jobs:
     env:
       HF_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.HF_TOKEN }}
       OS_NAME: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
@@ -70,7 +71,8 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           uv venv
           uv pip install torch torchvision torchaudio --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu
-          uv pip install -e ".[dev]"
+          uv pip install -e .
+          uv pip install -r requirements/dev.txt
 
       - name: Install transformers
         if: ${{ matrix.transformers }}
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache files
         id: hf-hub-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ${{ runner.temp }}/huggingface
           key: huggingface-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python }}-${{ matrix.transformers }}-${{ hashFiles('tests/version.txt') }}
@@ -87,25 +89,18 @@ jobs:
       - name: Check quality
         run: |
           make style && make quality
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check license
         run: |
           make license
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check build
         run: |
           make build
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Test with pytest
         run: |
           make test
         env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
           HF_HOME: ${{ runner.temp }}/huggingface
           HF_HUB_OFFLINE: "${{ steps.hf-hub-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true' && '1' || '0' }}"

.github/workflows/tests_cuda.yml

@@ -35,9 +35,16 @@ jobs:
       group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python }}
       cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' }}
 
+    env:
+      HF_HOME: "${{ github.workspace }}/../.runner_cache/huggingface"
+      UV_CACHE_DIR: "${{ github.workspace }}/../.runner_cache/uv"
+      HF_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.HF_TOKEN }}
+      OS_NAME: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      UV_NO_SYNC: 1
+
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
@@ -52,37 +59,21 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           uv venv
-          uv pip install -e ".[dev]"
+          uv pip install -e .
-
+          uv pip install -r requirements/dev.txt
-      - name: Cache HuggingFace models
-        id: hf-hub-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/huggingface
-          key: hf-cache-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('tests/version.txt') }}
 
       - name: Check quality
         run: |
           make style && make quality
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check license
         run: |
           make license
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check build
         run: |
           make build
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Test with pytest
         run: |
           make test
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
-          HF_HOME: ${{ runner.temp }}/huggingface
-          HF_HUB_OFFLINE: "${{ steps.hf-hub-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true' && '1' || '0' }}"

.github/workflows/tests_npu.yml

@@ -43,10 +43,11 @@ jobs:
         HF_ENDPOINT: https://hf-mirror.com
         HF_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.HF_TOKEN }}
         OS_NAME: ${{ matrix.os }}
+        UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
@@ -58,8 +59,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           uv venv
-          uv pip install torch-npu==${{matrix.pytorch_npu}}
+          uv pip install -r requirements/npu.txt
-          uv pip install -e ".[dev]"
+          uv pip install -e .
+          uv pip install -r requirements/dev.txt
 
       - name: Install node
         run: |
@@ -68,35 +70,18 @@ jobs:
           curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_20.x | bash -
           apt-get install -y nodejs
 
-      - name: Cache files
-        id: hf-hub-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/huggingface
-          key: huggingface-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python }}-${{ hashFiles('tests/version.txt') }}
-
       - name: Check quality
         run: |
           make style && make quality
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check license
         run: |
           make license
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Check build
         run: |
           make build
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
 
       - name: Test with pytest
         run: |
           make test
-        env:
-          UV_NO_SYNC: 1
-          HF_HOME: /root/.cache/huggingface
-          HF_HUB_OFFLINE: "${{ steps.hf-hub-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true' && '1' || '0' }}"

.gitignore

@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ llamaboard_cache/
 llamaboard_config/
 saves/
 output/
+outputs/
 wandb/
 swanlog/
 generated_predictions.jsonl

README.md

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Read technical notes:
 
 ## Features
 
-- **Various models**: LLaMA, LLaVA, Mistral, Mixtral-MoE, Qwen, Qwen2-VL, DeepSeek, Yi, Gemma, ChatGLM, Phi, etc.
+- **Various models**: LLaMA, LLaVA, Mistral, Mixtral-MoE, Qwen3, Qwen3-VL, DeepSeek, Gemma, GLM, Phi, etc.
 - **Integrated methods**: (Continuous) pre-training, (multimodal) supervised fine-tuning, reward modeling, PPO, DPO, KTO, ORPO, etc.
 - **Scalable resources**: 16-bit full-tuning, freeze-tuning, LoRA and 2/3/4/5/6/8-bit QLoRA via AQLM/AWQ/GPTQ/LLM.int8/HQQ/EETQ.
 - **Advanced algorithms**: [GaLore](https://github.com/jiaweizzhao/GaLore), [BAdam](https://github.com/Ledzy/BAdam), [APOLLO](https://github.com/zhuhanqing/APOLLO), [Adam-mini](https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini), [Muon](https://github.com/KellerJordan/Muon), [OFT](https://github.com/huggingface/peft/tree/main/src/peft/tuners/oft), DoRA, LongLoRA, LLaMA Pro, Mixture-of-Depths, LoRA+, LoftQ and PiSSA.
@@ -279,11 +279,10 @@ Read technical notes:
 | Model                                                             | Model size                       | Template             |
 | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------- |
 | [BLOOM/BLOOMZ](https://huggingface.co/bigscience)                 | 560M/1.1B/1.7B/3B/7.1B/176B      | -                    |
-| [Command R](https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI)                   | 35B/104B                         | cohere               |
 | [DeepSeek (LLM/Code/MoE)](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)     | 7B/16B/67B/236B                  | deepseek             |
 | [DeepSeek 3-3.2](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)              | 236B/671B                        | deepseek3            |
 | [DeepSeek R1 (Distill)](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)       | 1.5B/7B/8B/14B/32B/70B/671B      | deepseekr1           |
-| [ERNIE-4.5](https://huggingface.co/baidu)                         | 0.3B/21B/300B                    | ernie/ernie_nothink  |
+| [ERNIE-4.5](https://huggingface.co/baidu)                         | 0.3B/21B/300B                    | ernie_nothink        |
 | [Falcon/Falcon H1](https://huggingface.co/tiiuae)                 | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/11B/34B/40B/180B | falcon/falcon_h1     |
 | [Gemma/Gemma 2/CodeGemma](https://huggingface.co/google)          | 2B/7B/9B/27B                     | gemma/gemma2         |
 | [Gemma 3/Gemma 3n](https://huggingface.co/google)                 | 270M/1B/4B/6B/8B/12B/27B         | gemma3/gemma3n       |
@@ -292,12 +291,13 @@ Read technical notes:
 | [GPT-2](https://huggingface.co/openai-community)                  | 0.1B/0.4B/0.8B/1.5B              | -                    |
 | [GPT-OSS](https://huggingface.co/openai)                          | 20B/120B                         | gpt_oss              |
 | [Granite 3-4](https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite)                 | 1B/2B/3B/7B/8B                   | granite3/granite4    |
-| [Hunyuan (MT)](https://huggingface.co/tencent/)                   | 7B                               | hunyuan              |
+| [Hunyuan/Hunyuan1.5 (MT)](https://huggingface.co/tencent/)        | 0.5B/1.8B/4B/7B/13B              | hunyuan/hunyuan_small |
 | [InternLM 2-3](https://huggingface.co/internlm)                   | 7B/8B/20B                        | intern2              |
 | [InternVL 2.5-3.5](https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab)              | 1B/2B/4B/8B/14B/30B/38B/78B/241B | intern_vl            |
-| [InternLM/Intern-S1-mini](https://huggingface.co/internlm/)       | 8B                               | intern_s1            |
+| [Intern-S1-mini](https://huggingface.co/internlm/)                | 8B                               | intern_s1            |
 | [Kimi-VL](https://huggingface.co/moonshotai)                      | 16B                              | kimi_vl              |
 | [Ling 2.0 (mini/flash)](https://huggingface.co/inclusionAI)       | 16B/100B                         | bailing_v2           |
+| [LFM 2.5 (VL)](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI)                   | 1.2B/1.6B                        | lfm2/lfm2_vl         |
 | [Llama](https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama)                | 7B/13B/33B/65B                   | -                    |
 | [Llama 2](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama)                      | 7B/13B/70B                       | llama2               |
 | [Llama 3-3.3](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama)                  | 1B/3B/8B/70B                     | llama3               |
@@ -307,18 +307,17 @@ Read technical notes:
 | [LLaVA-NeXT](https://huggingface.co/llava-hf)                     | 7B/8B/13B/34B/72B/110B           | llava_next           |
 | [LLaVA-NeXT-Video](https://huggingface.co/llava-hf)               | 7B/34B                           | llava_next_video     |
 | [MiMo](https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo)                         | 7B/309B                          | mimo/mimo_v2         |
-| [MiniCPM 1-4.1](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)                   | 0.5B/1B/2B/4B/8B                 | cpm/cpm3/cpm4        |
+| [MiniCPM 4](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)                       | 0.5B/8B                          | cpm4                 |
 | [MiniCPM-o-2.6/MiniCPM-V-2.6](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)     | 8B                               | minicpm_o/minicpm_v  |
 | [MiniMax-M1/MiniMax-M2](https://huggingface.co/MiniMaxAI/models)  | 229B/456B                        | minimax1/minimax2    |
 | [Ministral 3](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)                   | 3B/8B/14B                        | ministral3           |
 | [Mistral/Mixtral](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)               | 7B/8x7B/8x22B                    | mistral              |
-| [OLMo](https://huggingface.co/allenai)                            | 1B/7B                            | -                    |
 | [PaliGemma/PaliGemma2](https://huggingface.co/google)             | 3B/10B/28B                       | paligemma            |
 | [Phi-3/Phi-3.5](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                 | 4B/14B                           | phi                  |
 | [Phi-3-small](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                   | 7B                               | phi_small            |
-| [Phi-4](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                         | 14B                              | phi4                 |
+| [Phi-4-mini/Phi-4](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)              | 3.8B/14B                         | phi4_mini/phi4       |
 | [Pixtral](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)                       | 12B                              | pixtral              |
-| [Qwen (1-2.5) (Code/Math/MoE/QwQ)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)   | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/14B/32B/72B/110B | qwen                 |
+| [Qwen2 (Code/Math/MoE/QwQ)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)          | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/14B/32B/72B/110B | qwen                 |
 | [Qwen3 (MoE/Instruct/Thinking/Next)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen) | 0.6B/1.7B/4B/8B/14B/32B/80B/235B | qwen3/qwen3_nothink  |
 | [Qwen2-Audio](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                        | 7B                               | qwen2_audio          |
 | [Qwen2.5-Omni](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                       | 3B/7B                            | qwen2_omni           |
@@ -327,8 +326,6 @@ Read technical notes:
 | [Qwen3-VL](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                           | 2B/4B/8B/30B/32B/235B            | qwen3_vl             |
 | [Seed (OSS/Coder)](https://huggingface.co/ByteDance-Seed)         | 8B/36B                           | seed_oss/seed_coder  |
 | [StarCoder 2](https://huggingface.co/bigcode)                     | 3B/7B/15B                        | -                    |
-| [VibeThinker-1.5B](https://huggingface.co/WeiboAI)                | 1.5B                             | qwen3                |
-| [Yi/Yi-1.5 (Code)](https://huggingface.co/01-ai)                  | 1.5B/6B/9B/34B                   | yi                   |
 | [Yuan 2](https://huggingface.co/IEITYuan)                         | 2B/51B/102B                      | yuan                 |
 
 > [!NOTE]
@@ -514,12 +511,13 @@ huggingface-cli login
 #### Install from Source
 
 ```bash
-git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory.git
+git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/hiyouga/LlamaFactory.git
-cd LLaMA-Factory
+cd LlamaFactory
-pip install -e ".[metrics]"
+pip install -e .
+pip install -r requirements/metrics.txt
 ```
 
-Optional dependencies available: `metrics`, `deepspeed`. Install with: `pip install -e ".[metrics,deepspeed]"`
+Optional dependencies available: `metrics`, `deepspeed`. Install with: `pip install -e . && pip install -r requirements/metrics.txt -r requirements/deepspeed.txt`
 
 Additional dependencies for specific features are available in `examples/requirements/`.
 
@@ -577,36 +575,21 @@ To enable FlashAttention-2 on the Windows platform, please use the script from [
 
 <details><summary>For Ascend NPU users</summary>
 
-To install LLaMA Factory on Ascend NPU devices, please upgrade Python to version 3.10 or higher: `pip install -e . torch-npu==2.7.1`. Additionally, you need to install the **[Ascend CANN Toolkit and Kernels](https://www.hiascend.com/developer/download/community/result?module=cann)**. Please follow the [installation tutorial](https://www.hiascend.com/document/detail/en/CANNCommunityEdition/600alphaX/softwareinstall/instg/atlasdeploy_03_0031.html) or use the following commands:
+To install LLaMA Factory on Ascend NPU devices, please upgrade Python to version 3.10 or higher: `pip install -r requirements/npu.txt`. Additionally, you need to install the **Ascend CANN Toolkit and Kernels**. Please follow the [installation tutorial](https://llamafactory.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced/npu_installation.html).
+
+
+You can also download the pre-built Docker images:
 
 ```bash
-# replace the url according to your CANN version and devices
+# Docker Hub
-# install CANN Toolkit
+docker pull hiyouga/llamafactory:latest-npu-a2
-wget https://ascend-repo.obs.cn-east-2.myhuaweicloud.com/Milan-ASL/Milan-ASL%20V100R001C20SPC702/Ascend-cann-toolkit_8.0.0.alpha002_linux-"$(uname -i)".run
+docker pull hiyouga/llamafactory:latest-npu-a3
-bash Ascend-cann-toolkit_8.0.0.alpha002_linux-"$(uname -i)".run --install
 
-# install CANN Kernels
+# quay.io
-wget https://ascend-repo.obs.cn-east-2.myhuaweicloud.com/Milan-ASL/Milan-ASL%20V100R001C20SPC702/Ascend-cann-kernels-910b_8.0.0.alpha002_linux-"$(uname -i)".run
+docker pull quay.io/ascend/llamafactory:latest-npu-a2
-bash Ascend-cann-kernels-910b_8.0.0.alpha002_linux-"$(uname -i)".run --install
+docker pull quay.io/ascend/llamafactory:latest-npu-a3
-
-# set env variables
-source /usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/set_env.sh
 ```
 
-| Requirement  | Minimum | Recommend      |
-| ------------ | ------- | -------------- |
-| CANN         | 8.0.RC1 | 8.0.0.alpha002 |
-| torch        | 2.1.0   | 2.7.1          |
-| torch-npu    | 2.1.0   | 2.7.1          |
-| deepspeed    | 0.13.2  | 0.13.2         |
-| vllm-ascend  | -       | 0.7.3          |
-
-Remember to use `ASCEND_RT_VISIBLE_DEVICES` instead of `CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES` to specify the device to use.
-
-If you cannot infer model on NPU devices, try setting `do_sample: false` in the configurations.
-
-Download the pre-built Docker images: [32GB](http://mirrors.cn-central-221.ovaijisuan.com/detail/130.html) | [64GB](http://mirrors.cn-central-221.ovaijisuan.com/detail/131.html)
-
 #### Install BitsAndBytes
 
 To use QLoRA based on bitsandbytes on Ascend NPU, please follow these 3 steps:

README_zh.md

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/43b700c6-a178-41db-b1f8-8190a5d3fcfc
 
 ## 项目特色
 
-- **多种模型**：LLaMA、LLaVA、Mistral、Mixtral-MoE、Qwen、Qwen2-VL、DeepSeek、Yi、Gemma、ChatGLM、Phi 等等。
+- **多种模型**：LLaMA、LLaVA、Mistral、Mixtral-MoE、Qwen3、Qwen3-VL、DeepSeek、Gemma、GLM、Phi 等等。
 - **集成方法**：（增量）预训练、（多模态）指令监督微调、奖励模型训练、PPO 训练、DPO 训练、KTO 训练、ORPO 训练等等。
 - **多种精度**：16 比特全参数微调、冻结微调、LoRA 微调和基于 AQLM/AWQ/GPTQ/LLM.int8/HQQ/EETQ 的 2/3/4/5/6/8 比特 QLoRA 微调。
 - **先进算法**：[GaLore](https://github.com/jiaweizzhao/GaLore)、[BAdam](https://github.com/Ledzy/BAdam)、[APOLLO](https://github.com/zhuhanqing/APOLLO)、[Adam-mini](https://github.com/zyushun/Adam-mini)、[Muon](https://github.com/KellerJordan/Muon)、[OFT](https://github.com/huggingface/peft/tree/main/src/peft/tuners/oft)、DoRA、LongLoRA、LLaMA Pro、Mixture-of-Depths、LoRA+、LoftQ 和 PiSSA。
@@ -281,11 +281,10 @@ https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/43b700c6-a178-41db-b1f8-8190a5d3fcfc
 | 模型名                                                             | 参数量                            | Template             |
 | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------- |
 | [BLOOM/BLOOMZ](https://huggingface.co/bigscience)                 | 560M/1.1B/1.7B/3B/7.1B/176B      | -                    |
-| [Command R](https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI)                   | 35B/104B                         | cohere               |
 | [DeepSeek (LLM/Code/MoE)](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)     | 7B/16B/67B/236B                  | deepseek             |
 | [DeepSeek 3-3.2](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)              | 236B/671B                        | deepseek3            |
 | [DeepSeek R1 (Distill)](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai)       | 1.5B/7B/8B/14B/32B/70B/671B      | deepseekr1           |
-| [ERNIE-4.5](https://huggingface.co/baidu)                         | 0.3B/21B/300B                    | ernie/ernie_nothink  |
+| [ERNIE-4.5](https://huggingface.co/baidu)                         | 0.3B/21B/300B                    | ernie_nothink        |
 | [Falcon/Falcon H1](https://huggingface.co/tiiuae)                 | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/11B/34B/40B/180B | falcon/falcon_h1     |
 | [Gemma/Gemma 2/CodeGemma](https://huggingface.co/google)          | 2B/7B/9B/27B                     | gemma/gemma2         |
 | [Gemma 3/Gemma 3n](https://huggingface.co/google)                 | 270M/1B/4B/6B/8B/12B/27B         | gemma3/gemma3n       |
@@ -294,12 +293,13 @@ https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/43b700c6-a178-41db-b1f8-8190a5d3fcfc
 | [GPT-2](https://huggingface.co/openai-community)                  | 0.1B/0.4B/0.8B/1.5B              | -                    |
 | [GPT-OSS](https://huggingface.co/openai)                          | 20B/120B                         | gpt_oss              |
 | [Granite 3-4](https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite)                 | 1B/2B/3B/7B/8B                   | granite3/granite4    |
-| [Hunyuan (MT)](https://huggingface.co/tencent/)                   | 7B                               | hunyuan              |
+| [Hunyuan/Hunyuan1.5 (MT)](https://huggingface.co/tencent/)        | 0.5B/1.8B/4B/7B/13B              | hunyuan/hunyuan_small |
 | [InternLM 2-3](https://huggingface.co/internlm)                   | 7B/8B/20B                        | intern2              |
 | [InternVL 2.5-3.5](https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab)              | 1B/2B/4B/8B/14B/30B/38B/78B/241B | intern_vl            |
-| [InternLM/Intern-S1-mini](https://huggingface.co/internlm/)       | 8B                               | intern_s1            |
+| [Intern-S1-mini](https://huggingface.co/internlm/)                | 8B                               | intern_s1            |
 | [Kimi-VL](https://huggingface.co/moonshotai)                      | 16B                              | kimi_vl              |
 | [Ling 2.0 (mini/flash)](https://huggingface.co/inclusionAI)       | 16B/100B                         | bailing_v2           |
+| [LFM 2.5 (VL)](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI)                   | 1.2B/1.6B                        | lfm2/lfm2_vl         |
 | [Llama](https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama)                | 7B/13B/33B/65B                   | -                    |
 | [Llama 2](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama)                      | 7B/13B/70B                       | llama2               |
 | [Llama 3-3.3](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama)                  | 1B/3B/8B/70B                     | llama3               |
@@ -309,18 +309,17 @@ https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/43b700c6-a178-41db-b1f8-8190a5d3fcfc
 | [LLaVA-NeXT](https://huggingface.co/llava-hf)                     | 7B/8B/13B/34B/72B/110B           | llava_next           |
 | [LLaVA-NeXT-Video](https://huggingface.co/llava-hf)               | 7B/34B                           | llava_next_video     |
 | [MiMo](https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo)                         | 7B/309B                          | mimo/mimo_v2         |
-| [MiniCPM 1-4.1](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)                   | 0.5B/1B/2B/4B/8B                 | cpm/cpm3/cpm4        |
+| [MiniCPM 4](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)                       | 0.5B/8B                          | cpm4                 |
 | [MiniCPM-o-2.6/MiniCPM-V-2.6](https://huggingface.co/openbmb)     | 8B                               | minicpm_o/minicpm_v  |
 | [MiniMax-M1/MiniMax-M2](https://huggingface.co/MiniMaxAI/models)  | 229B/456B                        | minimax1/minimax2    |
 | [Ministral 3](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)                   | 3B/8B/14B                        | ministral3           |
 | [Mistral/Mixtral](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)               | 7B/8x7B/8x22B                    | mistral              |
-| [OLMo](https://huggingface.co/allenai)                            | 1B/7B                            | -                    |
 | [PaliGemma/PaliGemma2](https://huggingface.co/google)             | 3B/10B/28B                       | paligemma            |
 | [Phi-3/Phi-3.5](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                 | 4B/14B                           | phi                  |
 | [Phi-3-small](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                   | 7B                               | phi_small            |
-| [Phi-4](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)                         | 14B                              | phi4                 |
+| [Phi-4-mini/Phi-4](https://huggingface.co/microsoft)              | 3.8B/14B                         | phi4_mini/phi4       |
 | [Pixtral](https://huggingface.co/mistralai)                       | 12B                              | pixtral              |
-| [Qwen (1-2.5) (Code/Math/MoE/QwQ)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)   | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/14B/32B/72B/110B | qwen                 |
+| [Qwen2 (Code/Math/MoE/QwQ)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)          | 0.5B/1.5B/3B/7B/14B/32B/72B/110B | qwen                 |
 | [Qwen3 (MoE/Instruct/Thinking/Next)](https://huggingface.co/Qwen) | 0.6B/1.7B/4B/8B/14B/32B/80B/235B | qwen3/qwen3_nothink  |
 | [Qwen2-Audio](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                        | 7B                               | qwen2_audio          |
 | [Qwen2.5-Omni](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                       | 3B/7B                            | qwen2_omni           |
@@ -329,8 +328,6 @@ https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/43b700c6-a178-41db-b1f8-8190a5d3fcfc
 | [Qwen3-VL](https://huggingface.co/Qwen)                           | 2B/4B/8B/30B/32B/235B            | qwen3_vl             |
 | [Seed (OSS/Coder)](https://huggingface.co/ByteDance-Seed)         | 8B/36B                           | seed_oss/seed_coder  |
 | [StarCoder 2](https://huggingface.co/bigcode)                     | 3B/7B/15B                        | -                    |
-| [VibeThinker-1.5B](https://huggingface.co/WeiboAI)                | 1.5B                             | qwen3                |
-| [Yi/Yi-1.5 (Code)](https://huggingface.co/01-ai)                  | 1.5B/6B/9B/34B                   | yi                   |
 | [Yuan 2](https://huggingface.co/IEITYuan)                         | 2B/51B/102B                      | yuan                 |
 
 > [!NOTE]
@@ -516,12 +513,13 @@ huggingface-cli login
 #### 从源码安装
 
 ```bash
-git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory.git
+git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/hiyouga/LlamaFactory.git
-cd LLaMA-Factory
+cd LlamaFactory
-pip install -e ".[metrics]"
+pip install -e .
+pip install -r requirements/metrics.txt
 ```
 
-可选的额外依赖项：`metrics`、`deepspeed`。使用 `pip install -e ".[metrics,deepspeed]"` 安装。
+可选的额外依赖项：`metrics`、`deepspeed`。使用 `pip install -e . && pip install -r requirements/metrics.txt -r requirements/deepspeed.txt` 安装。
 
 其他可选依赖项请参考 `examples/requirements/` 目录下的文件。
 
@@ -579,36 +577,20 @@ pip install https://github.com/jllllll/bitsandbytes-windows-webui/releases/downl
 
 <details><summary>昇腾 NPU 用户指南</summary>
 
-在昇腾 NPU 设备上安装 LLaMA Factory 时，请升级 Python 到 3.10 及以上，并需要指定额外依赖项，使用 `pip install -e . torch-npu==2.7.1` 命令安装。此外，还需要安装 **[Ascend CANN Toolkit 与 Kernels](https://www.hiascend.com/developer/download/community/result?module=cann)**，安装方法请参考[安装教程](https://www.hiascend.com/document/detail/zh/CANNCommunityEdition/80RC2alpha002/quickstart/quickstart/quickstart_18_0004.html)或使用以下命令：
+在昇腾 NPU 设备上安装 LLaMA Factory 时，请升级 Python 到 3.10 及以上，并需要指定额外依赖项，使用 `pip install -r requirements/npu.txt` 命令安装。此外，还需要安装 **Ascend CANN Toolkit 与 Kernels**，安装方法请参考[安装教程](https://llamafactory.readthedocs.io/zh-cn/latest/advanced/npu_installation.html)。
+
+您可以直接下载预安装的最新docker镜像：
 
 ```bash
-# 请替换 URL 为 CANN 版本和设备型号对应的 URL
+# Docker Hub
-# 安装 CANN Toolkit
+docker pull hiyouga/llamafactory:latest-npu-a2
-wget https://ascend-repo.obs.cn-east-2.myhuaweicloud.com/Milan-ASL/Milan-ASL%20V100R001C17SPC701/Ascend-cann-toolkit_8.0.RC1.alpha001_linux-"$(uname -i)".run
+docker pull hiyouga/llamafactory:latest-npu-a3
-bash Ascend-cann-toolkit_8.0.RC1.alpha001_linux-"$(uname -i)".run --install
 
-# 安装 CANN Kernels
+# quay.io
-wget https://ascend-repo.obs.cn-east-2.myhuaweicloud.com/Milan-ASL/Milan-ASL%20V100R001C17SPC701/Ascend-cann-kernels-910b_8.0.RC1.alpha001_linux.run
+docker pull quay.io/ascend/llamafactory:latest-npu-a2
-bash Ascend-cann-kernels-910b_8.0.RC1.alpha001_linux.run --install
+docker pull quay.io/ascend/llamafactory:latest-npu-a3
-
-# 设置环境变量
-source /usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/set_env.sh
 ```
 
-| 依赖项        | 至少     | 推荐           |
-| ------------ | ------- | -------------- |
-| CANN         | 8.0.RC1 | 8.0.0.alpha002 |
-| torch        | 2.1.0   | 2.7.1          |
-| torch-npu    | 2.1.0   | 2.7.1          |
-| deepspeed    | 0.13.2  | 0.13.2         |
-| vllm-ascend  | -       | 0.7.3          |
-
-请使用 `ASCEND_RT_VISIBLE_DEVICES` 而非 `CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES` 来指定运算设备。
-
-如果遇到无法正常推理的情况，请尝试设置 `do_sample: false`。
-
-下载预构建 Docker 镜像：[32GB](http://mirrors.cn-central-221.ovaijisuan.com/detail/130.html) | [64GB](http://mirrors.cn-central-221.ovaijisuan.com/detail/131.html)
-
 #### 安装 BitsAndBytes
 
 如果要在 Ascend NPU 上进行基于 bitsandbytes 的 QLoRA 量化微调，请执行如下步骤：

docker/docker-cuda/Dockerfile

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ RUN pip config set global.index-url "${PIP_INDEX}" && \
 COPY . /app
 
 # Install LLaMA Factory
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -e ".[metrics,deepspeed]"
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -e . && \
+    pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -r requirements/metrics.txt -r requirements/deepspeed.txt
 
 # Rebuild flash attention
 RUN if [ "${INSTALL_FLASHATTN}" == "true" ]; then \

docker/docker-cuda/Dockerfile.megatron

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-# NVIDIA official image (ubuntu-22.04 + cuda-12.4 + python-3.10)
+# NVIDIA official image (ubuntu-24.04 + cuda-12.9.1 + python-3.12)
-# https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/pytorch-release-notes/rel-24-08.html
+# https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/pytorch-release-notes/rel-25-06.html
-FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:24.05-py3
+FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:25.06-py3
 
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 ENV PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION=ignore
 ENV PYPI_MIRROR=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
 ENV PYPI_TRUSTED_HOST=mirrors.aliyun.com
 ENV APT_MIRROR=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
+ENV PIP_CONSTRAINT=""
 
 RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel "hatchling>=1.18.0" editables --trusted-host ${PYPI_TRUSTED_HOST} --index-url ${PYPI_MIRROR}
 
@@ -14,20 +15,14 @@ RUN pip uninstall -y torch torchvision torch-tensorrt \
     flash_attn transformer-engine \
     cudf dask-cuda cugraph cugraph-service-server cuml raft-dask cugraph-dgl cugraph-pyg dask-cudf
 
-RUN pip install torch==2.6.0 torchvision==0.21.0 torchaudio==2.6.0 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu124
+RUN pip install torch==2.8.0 torchvision==0.23.0 torchaudio==2.8.0 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu129
 
 RUN pip uninstall -y opencv opencv-python opencv-python-headless && \
-    rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/cv2/ && \
+    rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/cv2/ && \
     pip install opencv-python-headless==4.11.0.86 --trusted-host ${PYPI_TRUSTED_HOST} --index-url ${PYPI_MIRROR}
 
-RUN pip install "numpy==1.26.4" "optree>=0.13.0" "spacy==3.7.5" "weasel==0.4.1" \
+RUN pip install --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com --index-url ${PYPI_MIRROR} \
-    transformer-engine[pytorch]==2.2.0 megatron-core==0.13.0 deepspeed==0.16.4 \
+    "megatron-core>=0.13.0,<0.14.0" "deepspeed==0.16.4"
-    --trusted-host ${PYPI_TRUSTED_HOST} --index-url ${PYPI_MIRROR}
-
-RUN pip install https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/releases/download/v2.7.2.post1/flash_attn-2.7.2.post1+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl
-
-# RUN pip install vllm==0.8.4 \
-#     --trusted-host ${PYPI_TRUSTED_HOST} --index-url ${PYPI_MIRROR}
 
 WORKDIR /build
 
@@ -37,6 +32,8 @@ RUN pip uninstall -y apex && \
     pip install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation \
     --config-settings "--build-option=--cpp_ext --cuda_ext --parallel 32" ${apex_url}
 
+RUN pip install --no-build-isolation transformer_engine[pytorch]
+
 RUN rm -rf /build
 WORKDIR /workspace
 
@@ -53,14 +50,17 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y zip
 RUN apt-get install -y openjdk-21-jdk
 ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-21-openjdk-amd64
 
-# pip install LLaMA-Factory
+ARG REPO_URL=https://github.com/hiyouga/LlamaFactory.git
+ARG BRANCH=main
 WORKDIR /app
 
-# Copy the application into the image
+# Clone the repository
-COPY . /app
+RUN git clone --depth 1 --branch ${BRANCH} ${REPO_URL} /app || \
+    git clone --depth 1 ${REPO_URL} /app
 
 # Install LLaMA Factory
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -e ".[metrics]" --no-build-isolation
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -e . --no-build-isolation && \
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements/metrics.txt --no-build-isolation
 
 RUN pip install "git+https://github.com/alibaba/roll.git#subdirectory=mcore_adapter"
 

docker/docker-npu/Dockerfile

@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ COPY . /app
 # Install torch-npu
 RUN pip uninstall -y torch torchvision torchaudio && \
     pip install --no-cache-dir "torch==2.7.1" "torch-npu==2.7.1" "torchvision==0.22.1" "torchaudio==2.7.1" --index-url "${PYTORCH_INDEX}" && \
-    pip install --no-cache-dir -e ".[metrics]" --no-build-isolation
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -e . --no-build-isolation && \
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements/metrics.txt --no-build-isolation
 
 # Set up volumes
 # VOLUME [ "/root/.cache/huggingface", "/app/shared_data", "/app/output" ]

docker/docker-rocm/Dockerfile

@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@ COPY . /app
 
 # Reinstall pytorch rocm and install LLaMA Factory
 RUN pip uninstall -y torch torchvision torchaudio && \
-    pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -e --pre ".[metrics,deepspeed]" --index-url "${PYTORCH_INDEX}"
+    pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -e --pre . --index-url "${PYTORCH_INDEX}" && \
+    pip install --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation -r requirements/metrics.txt -r requirements/deepspeed.txt --index-url "${PYTORCH_INDEX}"
 
 # Rebuild flash attention
 RUN if [ "${INSTALL_FLASHATTN}" == "true" ]; then \

examples/extras/eaft/qwen25_05b_eaft_full.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+### model
+model_name_or_path: Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B-Instruct
+trust_remote_code: true
+
+### method
+stage: sft
+do_train: true
+finetuning_type: full
+use_eaft_loss: true
+
+### dataset
+dataset: identity,alpaca_en_demo
+template: qwen
+cutoff_len: 2048
+max_samples: 1000
+overwrite_cache: true
+preprocessing_num_workers: 16
+dataloader_num_workers: 4
+
+### output
+output_dir: qwen2.5-0_5b/full/sft_eaft
+logging_steps: 1
+save_steps: 500
+plot_loss: true
+overwrite_output_dir: true
+save_only_model: false
+report_to: none  # choices: [none, wandb, tensorboard, swanlab, mlflow]
+
+
+### train
+per_device_train_batch_size: 2
+gradient_accumulation_steps: 8
+learning_rate: 1.0e-5
+num_train_epochs: 3.0
+lr_scheduler_type: cosine
+warmup_ratio: 0.1
+bf16: true
+ddp_timeout: 180000000

examples/ktransformers/infer_lora/deepseek2_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ infer_backend: ktransformers  # choices: [huggingface, vllm, sglang, ktransforme
 trust_remote_code: true
 
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend to inference
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat-sft-amx.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat-sft-amx.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192

examples/ktransformers/infer_lora/deepseek3_kt.yaml

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 model_name_or_path: opensourcerelease/DeepSeek-V3-bf16
-template: deepseek
+template: deepseek3
 infer_backend: ktransformers  # choices: [huggingface, vllm, sglang, ktransformers]
 trust_remote_code: true
 
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend to inference
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192

examples/ktransformers/infer_lora/deepseek3_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 model_name_or_path: opensourcerelease/DeepSeek-V3-bf16
 adapter_name_or_path: saves/Kllama_deepseekV3
-template: deepseek
+template: deepseek3
 infer_backend: ktransformers  # choices: [huggingface, vllm, sglang, ktransformers]
 trust_remote_code: true
 
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend to inference
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192

examples/ktransformers/infer_lora/qwen3moe_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ infer_backend: ktransformers  # choices: [huggingface, vllm, sglang, ktransforme
 trust_remote_code: true
 
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend to inference
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/Qwen3Moe-sft-amx.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/Qwen3Moe-sft-amx.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192

examples/ktransformers/train_lora/deepseek2_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ lora_rank: 8
 lora_target: all
 
 ### dataset
-dataset: identity
+dataset: identity, alpaca_en_demo
 template: deepseek
 cutoff_len: 2048
 max_samples: 100000
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ resume_from_checkpoint: null
 
 ### ktransformers
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat-sft-amx.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat-sft-amx.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192
 

examples/ktransformers/train_lora/deepseek3_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ lora_rank: 8
 lora_target: all
 
 ### dataset
-dataset: identity
+dataset: identity, alpaca_en_demo
-template: deepseek
+template: deepseek3
 cutoff_len: 2048
 max_samples: 100000
 overwrite_cache: true
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ resume_from_checkpoint: null
 
 ### ktransformers
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-sft-amx-multi-gpu.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192
 

examples/ktransformers/train_lora/qwen3moe_lora_sft_kt.yaml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ resume_from_checkpoint: null
 
 ### ktransformers
 use_kt: true # use KTransformers as LoRA sft backend
-kt_optimize_rule: examples/kt_optimize_rules/Qwen3Moe-sft-amx.yaml
+kt_optimize_rule: examples/ktransformers/kt_optimize_rules/Qwen3Moe-sft-amx.yaml
 cpu_infer: 32
 chunk_size: 8192
 

examples/v1/train_full/train_full_fsdp2.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+model: Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B
+trust_remote_code: true
+model_class: llm
+
+template: qwen3_nothink
+
+kernel_config:
+  name: auto
+  include_kernels: auto # choice: null/true/false/auto/kernel_id1,kernel_id2,kernel_id3, default is null
+
+quant_config: null
+
+dist_config:
+  name: fsdp2
+  dcp_path: null # /mnt/f/pretrain_models/Qwen3-0.6B-dcp
+
+init_config:
+  name: init_on_meta
+
+### data
+train_dataset: data/v1_sft_demo.yaml 
+
+### training
+output_dir: outputs/test_fsdp2
+micro_batch_size: 1
+global_batch_size: 1
+cutoff_len: 2048
+learning_rate: 1.0e-4
+bf16: false
+max_steps: 10
+
+### sample
+sample_backend: hf
+max_new_tokens: 128

pyproject.toml

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License",
     "Operating System :: OS Independent",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "hf-transfer",
     "safetensors",
     # python
-    "av",
+    "av>=10.0.0,<=16.0.0",
     "fire",
     "omegaconf",
     "packaging",
@@ -73,14 +72,9 @@ dependencies = [
     # api
     "uvicorn",
     "fastapi",
-    "sse-starlette"
+    "sse-starlette",
 ]
 
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-dev = ["pre-commit", "ruff", "pytest", "build"]
-metrics = ["nltk", "jieba", "rouge-chinese"]
-deepspeed = ["deepspeed>=0.10.0,<=0.16.9"]
-
 [project.scripts]
 llamafactory-cli = "llamafactory.cli:main"
 lmf = "llamafactory.cli:main"

requirements/deepspeed.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+deepspeed>=0.10.0,<=0.16.9

requirements/dev.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pre-commit
+ruff
+pytest
+build

requirements/metrics.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+nltk
+jieba
+rouge-chinese

requirements/npu.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+torch==2.7.1
+torch-npu==2.7.1
+torchvision==0.22.1
+torchaudio==2.7.1

scripts/convert_ckpt/tiny_qwen3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from transformers import AutoTokenizer, Qwen3Config, Qwen3ForCausalLM
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507")
+    config = Qwen3Config(
+        hidden_size=1408,
+        image_size=336,
+        intermediate_size=5632,
+        num_attention_heads=16,
+        num_hidden_layers=4,
+        vision_output_dim=4096,
+    )
+    model = Qwen3ForCausalLM.from_config(config)
+    model.save_pretrained("tiny-qwen3")
+    tokenizer.save_pretrained("tiny-qwen3")
+    model.push_to_hub("llamafactory/tiny-random-qwen3")
+    tokenizer.push_to_hub("llamafactory/tiny-random-qwen3")

scripts/eval_bleu_rouge.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ try:
     jieba.setLogLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
     jieba.initialize()
 except ImportError:
-    print("Please install llamafactory with `pip install -e .[metrics]`.")
+    print("Please install llamafactory with `pip install -r requirements/metrics.txt`.")
     raise
 
 

scripts/hf2dcp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Convert a HuggingFace model to DCP checkpoint format.
+
+Usage:
+  python scripts/hf2dcp.py convert --hf_path=/path/to/hf --dcp_path=/path/to/dcp
+
+Arguments:
+  hf_path: Path to the HuggingFace model directory.
+  dcp_path: Output path (directory) for DCP checkpoint.
+"""
+
+import fire
+import torch
+import torch.distributed.checkpoint as dcp
+from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
+
+
+def convert(hf_path: str, dcp_path: str) -> None:
+    """Convert HF model weights to DCP.
+
+    Args:
+        hf_path: HuggingFace model directory.
+        dcp_path: Output path (directory) for DCP checkpoint.
+    """
+    if not hf_path or not dcp_path:
+        raise ValueError("Both 'hf_path' and 'dcp_path' are required.")
+
+    print(f"Loading HF model from {hf_path}...")
+    model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(hf_path, device_map="cpu", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+
+    print(f"Saving to DCP format at {dcp_path}...")
+    dcp.save(model.state_dict(), checkpoint_id=dcp_path)
+    print("Done!")
+
+
+def help() -> None:
+    """Show help message."""
+    print(__doc__)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    fire.Fire({"convert": convert, "help": help, "--convert": convert})

src/llamafactory/data/data_utils.py

@@ -65,11 +65,17 @@ def merge_dataset(
         if not data_args.streaming:
             logger.warning_rank0_once("We recommend using `mix_strategy=concat` in non-streaming mode.")
 
+        strategy_map: str = {
+            "interleave_under": "first_exhausted",
+            "interleave_over": "all_exhausted",
+            "interleave_once": "all_exhausted_without_replacement",
+        }[data_args.mix_strategy]
+
         return interleave_datasets(
             datasets=all_datasets,
             probabilities=data_args.interleave_probs,
             seed=seed,
-            stopping_strategy="first_exhausted" if data_args.mix_strategy.endswith("under") else "all_exhausted",
+            stopping_strategy=strategy_map,  # type: ignore
         )
 
     else:

src/llamafactory/data/mm_plugin.py

@@ -2092,6 +2092,73 @@ class VideoLlavaPlugin(BasePlugin):
         return messages
 
 
+@dataclass
+class LFMVLPlugin(BasePlugin):
+    r"""Plugin for LFM2.5-VL vision-language models.
+
+    LFM2.5-VL uses dynamic image token counts based on image resolution.
+    The image processor returns spatial_shapes tensor with [height, width] grid dimensions.
+    Token count per image = (spatial_h * spatial_w) / (downsample_factor^2)
+    """
+
+    @override
+    def _get_mm_inputs(
+        self,
+        images: list["ImageInput"],
+        videos: list["VideoInput"],
+        audios: list["AudioInput"],
+        processor: "MMProcessor",
+    ) -> dict[str, "torch.Tensor"]:
+        image_processor: BaseImageProcessor = getattr(processor, "image_processor", None)
+        mm_inputs = {}
+        if len(images) != 0:
+            images = self._regularize_images(
+                images,
+                image_max_pixels=getattr(processor, "image_max_pixels", 768 * 768),
+                image_min_pixels=getattr(processor, "image_min_pixels", 32 * 32),
+            )["images"]
+            mm_inputs.update(image_processor(images, return_tensors="pt"))
+        return mm_inputs
+
+    @override
+    def process_messages(
+        self,
+        messages: list[dict[str, str]],
+        images: list["ImageInput"],
+        videos: list["VideoInput"],
+        audios: list["AudioInput"],
+        processor: Optional["MMProcessor"],
+    ) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
+        self._validate_input(processor, images, videos, audios)
+        self._validate_messages(messages, images, videos, audios)
+        num_image_tokens = 0
+        messages = deepcopy(messages)
+        image_processor: BaseImageProcessor = getattr(processor, "image_processor")
+        downsample_factor: int = getattr(image_processor, "downsample_factor", 2)
+
+        if self.expand_mm_tokens and len(images) > 0:
+            mm_inputs = self._get_mm_inputs(images, videos, audios, processor)
+            spatial_shapes = mm_inputs.get("spatial_shapes", [])
+        else:
+            spatial_shapes = []
+
+        for message in messages:
+            content = message["content"]
+            while IMAGE_PLACEHOLDER in content:
+                if self.expand_mm_tokens and len(spatial_shapes) > num_image_tokens:
+                    h, w = spatial_shapes[num_image_tokens].tolist()
+                    image_seqlen = (h * w) // (downsample_factor * downsample_factor)
+                else:
+                    image_seqlen = 1
+
+                content = content.replace(IMAGE_PLACEHOLDER, "{{image}}" * image_seqlen, 1)
+                num_image_tokens += 1
+
+            message["content"] = content.replace("{{image}}", self.image_token)
+
+        return messages
+
+
 PLUGINS = {
     "base": BasePlugin,
     "ernie_vl": ErnieVLPlugin,
@@ -2104,6 +2171,7 @@ PLUGINS = {
     "llava": LlavaPlugin,
     "llava_next": LlavaNextPlugin,
     "llava_next_video": LlavaNextVideoPlugin,
+    "lfm2_vl": LFMVLPlugin,
     "minicpm_v": MiniCPMVPlugin,
     "mllama": MllamaPlugin,
     "paligemma": PaliGemmaPlugin,

src/llamafactory/data/template.py

@@ -649,42 +649,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="aquila",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["Human: {{content}}###Assistant:"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}###"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["System: {{content}}###"]),
-    default_system=(
-        "A chat between a curious human and an artificial intelligence assistant. "
-        "The assistant gives helpful, detailed, and polite answers to the human's questions."
-    ),
-    stop_words=["</s>"],
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="atom",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"bos_token"}, "Human: {{content}}\n", {"eos_token"}, {"bos_token"}, "Assistant:"]
-    ),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}\n", {"eos_token"}]),
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="baichuan",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<reserved_102>"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "<reserved_103>"}]),
-    efficient_eos=True,
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="baichuan2",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<reserved_106>{{content}}<reserved_107>"]),
-    efficient_eos=True,
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="bailing",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<role>HUMAN</role>{{content}}<role>ASSISTANT</role>"]),
@@ -712,20 +676,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="belle",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["Human: {{content}}\n\nBelle: "]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}", {"eos_token"}, "\n\n"]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="bluelm",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[|Human|]:"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "[|AI|]:"}]),
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="breeze",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["[INST] {{content}} [/INST] "]),
@@ -734,14 +684,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="chatglm2",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["[Round {{idx}}]\n\n问：{{content}}\n\n答："]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}]),
-    efficient_eos=True,
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="chatglm3",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|user|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]),
@@ -784,29 +726,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="codegeex2",
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}]),
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="codegeex4",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|user|>\n{{content}}<|assistant|>\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|system|>\n{{content}}"]),
-    format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{content}}"], tool_format="glm4"),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|observation|>\n{{content}}<|assistant|>\n"]),
-    format_tools=ToolFormatter(tool_format="glm4"),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=["[gMASK]<sop>"]),
-    default_system=(
-        "你是一位智能编程助手，你叫CodeGeeX。你会为用户回答关于编程、代码、计算机方面的任何问题，"
-        "并提供格式规范、可以执行、准确安全的代码，并在必要时提供详细的解释。"
-    ),
-    stop_words=["<|user|>", "<|observation|>"],
-    efficient_eos=True,
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="cohere",
     format_user=StringFormatter(
@@ -822,25 +741,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="cpm",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<用户>{{content}}<AI>"]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
-)
-
-
-# copied from chatml template
-register_template(
-    name="cpm3",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
-    stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
-)
-
-
 # copied from chatml template
 register_template(
     name="cpm4",
@@ -1239,19 +1139,12 @@ register_template(
 
 
 register_template(
-    name="intern",
+    name="hunyuan_small",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|User|>:{{content}}\n<|Bot|>:"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<｜hy_User｜>{{content}}<｜hy_place▁holder▁no▁8｜>"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<eoa>\n"]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<｜hy_place▁holder▁no▁2｜>"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|System|>:{{content}}\n"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<｜hy_place▁holder▁no▁3｜>"]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
+    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=["<｜hy_begin▁of▁sentence｜>"]),
-    default_system=(
+    stop_words=["<｜hy_place▁holder▁no▁2｜>"],
-        "You are an AI assistant whose name is InternLM (书生·浦语).\n"
-        "- InternLM (书生·浦语) is a conversational language model that is developed by Shanghai AI Laboratory "
-        "(上海人工智能实验室). It is designed to be helpful, honest, and harmless.\n"
-        "- InternLM (书生·浦语) can understand and communicate fluently in the language "
-        "chosen by the user such as English and 中文."
-    ),
-    stop_words=["<eoa>"],
 )
 
 
@@ -1330,6 +1223,47 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
+register_template(
+    name="lfm2",
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
+    format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"], tool_format="lfm2"),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[
+            "<|im_start|>tool\n<|tool_response_start|>{{content}}<|tool_response_end|><|im_end|>\n"
+            "<|im_start|>assistant\n"
+        ]
+    ),
+    format_tools=ToolFormatter(tool_format="lfm2"),
+    default_system="You are a helpful AI assistant.",
+    stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
+    tool_call_words=("<|tool_call_start|>", "<|tool_call_end|>"),
+    replace_eos=True,
+)
+
+
+register_template(
+    name="lfm2_vl",
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
+    format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"], tool_format="lfm2"),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[
+            "<|im_start|>tool\n<|tool_response_start|>{{content}}<|tool_response_end|><|im_end|>\n"
+            "<|im_start|>assistant\n"
+        ]
+    ),
+    format_tools=ToolFormatter(tool_format="lfm2"),
+    default_system="You are a helpful multimodal assistant by Liquid AI.",
+    stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
+    tool_call_words=("<|tool_call_start|>", "<|tool_call_end|>"),
+    replace_eos=True,
+    mm_plugin=get_mm_plugin(name="lfm2_vl", image_token="<image>"),
+)
+
+
 register_template(
     name="llama2",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "[INST] {{content}} [/INST]"]),
@@ -1576,23 +1510,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-# copied from chatml template
-register_template(
-    name="marco",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    default_system=(
-        "你是一个经过良好训练的AI助手，你的名字是Marco-o1."
-        "由阿里国际数字商业集团的AI Business创造.\n## 重要！！！！！\n"
-        "当你回答问题时，你的思考应该在<Thought>内完成，<Output>内输出你的结果。\n"
-        "<Thought>应该尽可能是英文，但是有2个特例，一个是对原文中的引用，另一个是是数学应该使用markdown格式，<Output>内的输出需要遵循用户输入的语言。\n"
-    ),
-    stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
-)
-
-
 # copied from qwen template
 register_template(
     name="mimo",
@@ -1804,13 +1721,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="orion",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["Human: {{content}}\n\nAssistant: ", {"eos_token"}]),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="paligemma",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}\n"]),
@@ -1869,6 +1779,17 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
+register_template(
+    name="phi4_mini",
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|user|>{{content}}<|end|><|assistant|>"]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|end|>"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|system|>{{content}}<|end|>"]),
+    format_tools=StringFormatter(slots=["<|tool|>{{content}}<|/tool|>"]),
+    stop_words=["<|end|>"],
+    replace_eos=True,
+)
+
+
 # copied from ministral template
 register_template(
     name="pixtral",
@@ -2104,41 +2025,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-# copied from llama3 template
-register_template(
-    name="skywork_o1",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[
-            (
-                "<|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\n{{content}}<|eot_id|>"
-                "<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
-            )
-        ]
-    ),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|eot_id|>"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\n{{content}}<|eot_id|>"]),
-    format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|eot_id|>"], tool_format="llama3"),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[
-            (
-                "<|start_header_id|>ipython<|end_header_id|>\n\n{{content}}<|eot_id|>"
-                "<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
-            )
-        ]
-    ),
-    format_tools=ToolFormatter(tool_format="llama3"),
-    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
-    default_system=(
-        "You are Skywork-o1, a thinking model developed by Skywork AI, specializing in solving complex problems "
-        "involving mathematics, coding, and logical reasoning through deep thought. When faced with a user's request, "
-        "you first engage in a lengthy and in-depth thinking process to explore possible solutions to the problem. "
-        "After completing your thoughts, you then provide a detailed explanation of the solution process "
-        "in your response."
-    ),
-    stop_words=["<|eot_id|>", "<|eom_id|>"],
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="smollm",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
@@ -2175,13 +2061,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="telechat",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<_user>{{content}}<_bot>"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<_system>{{content}}<_end>"]),
-)
-
-
 register_template(
     name="telechat2",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<_user>{{content}}<_bot>"]),
@@ -2225,32 +2104,6 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
-register_template(
-    name="xverse",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["Human: {{content}}\n\nAssistant: "]),
-)
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="yayi",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|Human|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n", {"token": "<|YaYi|>"}, ":"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}\n\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|System|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n"]),
-    default_system=(
-        "You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant named YaYi "
-        "developed by Beijing Wenge Technology Co.,Ltd. "
-        "Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe.  "
-        "Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, "
-        "racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. "
-        "Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature.\n\n"
-        "If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, "
-        "explain why instead of answering something not correct. "
-        "If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information."
-    ),
-    stop_words=["<|End|>"],
-)
-
-
 # copied from chatml template
 register_template(
     name="yi",
@@ -2278,6 +2131,21 @@ register_template(
 )
 
 
+register_template(
+    name="youtu",
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|User|>{{content}}<|Assistant|>"]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}<|end_of_text|>"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}"]),
+    format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{content}}"], tool_format="default"),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<tool_response>\n{{content}}\n</tool_response><|Assistant|>"]),
+    format_tools=ToolFormatter(tool_format="default"),
+    format_prefix=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}]),
+    stop_words=["<|end_of_text|>"],
+    replace_eos=True,
+    template_class=ReasoningTemplate,
+)
+
+
 register_template(
     name="yuan",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}", {"token": "<sep>"}]),
@@ -2292,10 +2160,3 @@ register_template(
     format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|system|>\n{{content}}", {"eos_token"}]),
     default_system="You are Zephyr, a helpful assistant.",
 )
-
-
-register_template(
-    name="ziya",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<human>:{{content}}\n<bot>:"]),
-    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}\n"]),
-)

src/llamafactory/data/tool_utils.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import ast
 import json
 import re
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
@@ -101,6 +102,8 @@ LING_TOOL_PROMPT = (
     """"arguments": <args-json-object>}}\n</tool_call>"""
 )
 
+LFM2_TOOL_PROMPT = "List of tools: <|tool_list_start|>{tool_text}<|tool_list_end|>"
+
 
 @dataclass
 class ToolUtils(ABC):
@@ -546,10 +549,115 @@ class LingToolUtils(QwenToolUtils):
         return LING_TOOL_PROMPT.format(tool_text=tool_text) + "\n" + "detailed thinking off"
 
 
+class LFM2ToolUtils(ToolUtils):
+    r"""LFM2.5 tool using template with Pythonic function call syntax."""
+
+    @override
+    @staticmethod
+    def tool_formatter(tools: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
+        tool_list = []
+        for tool in tools:
+            tool = tool.get("function", tool) if tool.get("type") == "function" else tool
+            tool_list.append(tool)
+
+        return LFM2_TOOL_PROMPT.format(tool_text=json.dumps(tool_list, ensure_ascii=False))
+
+    @override
+    @staticmethod
+    def function_formatter(functions: list["FunctionCall"]) -> str:
+        calls = []
+        for name, args_json in functions:
+            args = json.loads(args_json)
+            kwargs_parts = []
+            for key, value in args.items():
+                if isinstance(value, str):
+                    kwargs_parts.append(f'{key}="{value}"')
+                else:
+                    kwargs_parts.append(f"{key}={json.dumps(value, ensure_ascii=False)}")
+
+            calls.append(f"{name}({', '.join(kwargs_parts)})")
+
+        return f"<|tool_call_start|>[{', '.join(calls)}]<|tool_call_end|>"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _ast_to_value(node: ast.AST) -> Any:
+        """Convert an AST node to a Python value, handling JSON-style booleans/null."""
+        # Handle JSON-style true/false/null as Name nodes
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Name):
+            if node.id == "true":
+                return True
+            elif node.id == "false":
+                return False
+            elif node.id == "null":
+                return None
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unknown identifier: {node.id}")
+
+        # Use literal_eval for other cases (strings, numbers, lists, dicts)
+        return ast.literal_eval(node)
+
+    @override
+    @staticmethod
+    def tool_extractor(content: str) -> Union[str, list["FunctionCall"]]:
+        # Extract content between tool call markers
+        start_marker = "<|tool_call_start|>"
+        end_marker = "<|tool_call_end|>"
+
+        start_idx = content.find(start_marker)
+        if start_idx == -1:
+            return content
+
+        end_idx = content.find(end_marker, start_idx)
+        if end_idx == -1:
+            return content
+
+        tool_call_str = content[start_idx + len(start_marker) : end_idx].strip()
+
+        # Parse Pythonic function call syntax using AST
+        try:
+            tree = ast.parse(tool_call_str, mode="eval")
+        except SyntaxError:
+            return content
+
+        # Handle both single call and list of calls
+        if isinstance(tree.body, ast.List):
+            call_nodes = tree.body.elts
+        elif isinstance(tree.body, ast.Call):
+            call_nodes = [tree.body]
+        else:
+            return content
+
+        results = []
+        for node in call_nodes:
+            if not isinstance(node, ast.Call):
+                return content
+
+            # Extract function name
+            if isinstance(node.func, ast.Name):
+                func_name = node.func.id
+            else:
+                return content
+
+            # Extract keyword arguments
+            args_dict = {}
+            for keyword in node.keywords:
+                key = keyword.arg
+                try:
+                    value = LFM2ToolUtils._ast_to_value(keyword.value)
+                except (ValueError, SyntaxError):
+                    return content
+                args_dict[key] = value
+
+            results.append(FunctionCall(func_name, json.dumps(args_dict, ensure_ascii=False)))
+
+        return results if results else content
+
+
 TOOLS = {
     "default": DefaultToolUtils(),
     "glm4": GLM4ToolUtils(),
     "llama3": Llama3ToolUtils(),
+    "lfm2": LFM2ToolUtils(),
     "minimax1": MiniMaxM1ToolUtils(),
     "minimax2": MiniMaxM2ToolUtils(),
     "mistral": MistralToolUtils(),

src/llamafactory/extras/constants.py

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ LLAMABOARD_CONFIG = "llamaboard_config.yaml"
 
 MCA_SUPPORTED_MODELS = {
     "deepseek_v3",
+    "glm4_moe",
     "llama",
     "mistral",
     "mixtral",
@@ -181,51 +182,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Baichuan-7B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/baichuan-7B",
-        },
-        "Baichuan-13B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan-13B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan-13B-Base",
-        },
-        "Baichuan-13B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan-13B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan-13B-Chat",
-        },
-    },
-    template="baichuan",
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Baichuan2-7B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-7B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-7B-Base",
-        },
-        "Baichuan2-13B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-13B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-13B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "Baichuan/Baichuan2_13b_base_pt",
-        },
-        "Baichuan2-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "Baichuan/Baichuan2_7b_chat_pt",
-        },
-        "Baichuan2-13B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-13B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "baichuan-inc/Baichuan2-13B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "Baichuan/Baichuan2_13b_chat_pt",
-        },
-    },
-    template="baichuan2",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "BLOOM-560M": {
@@ -262,21 +218,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "BlueLM-7B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "vivo-ai/BlueLM-7B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "vivo-ai/BlueLM-7B-Base",
-        },
-        "BlueLM-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "vivo-ai/BlueLM-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "vivo-ai/BlueLM-7B-Chat",
-        },
-    },
-    template="bluelm",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Breeze-7B": {
@@ -290,17 +231,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "ChatGLM2-6B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "zai-org/chatglm2-6b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "ZhipuAI/chatglm2-6b",
-        }
-    },
-    template="chatglm2",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "ChatGLM3-6B-Base": {
@@ -347,17 +277,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "CodeGeeX4-9B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "zai-org/codegeex4-all-9b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "ZhipuAI/codegeex4-all-9b",
-        },
-    },
-    template="codegeex4",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "CodeGemma-7B": {
@@ -642,15 +561,15 @@ register_model_group(
 
 register_model_group(
     models={
-        "ERNIE-4.5-0.3B-PT": {
+        "ERNIE-4.5-0.3B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-0.3B-PT",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-0.3B-PT",
         },
-        "ERNIE-4.5-21B-A3B-PT": {
+        "ERNIE-4.5-21B-A3B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-21B-A3B-PT",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-21B-A3B-PT",
         },
-        "ERNIE-4.5-300B-A47B-PT": {
+        "ERNIE-4.5-300B-A47B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-300B-A47B-PT",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-300B-A47B-PT",
         },
@@ -661,7 +580,7 @@ register_model_group(
 
 register_model_group(
     models={
-        "ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-PT": {
+        "ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-PT",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-PT",
         },
@@ -669,7 +588,7 @@ register_model_group(
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-Thinking",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-VL-28B-A3B-Thinking",
         },
-        "ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-Base-PT": {
+        "ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "baidu/ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-PT",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-PT",
         },
@@ -1226,19 +1145,50 @@ register_model_group(
 
 register_model_group(
     models={
+        "Hunyuan-0.5B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-0.5B-Instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-0.5B-Instruct",
+        },
+        "Hunyuan-1.8B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-1.8B-Instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-1.8B-Instruct",
+        },
+        "Hunyuan-4B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-4B-Instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-4B-Instruct",
+        },
         "Hunyuan-7B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-7B-Instruct",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AI-ModelScope/Hunyuan-7B-Instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-7B-Instruct",
         },
         "Hunyuan-MT-7B-Instruct": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-MT-7B",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-MT-7B",
         },
+        "HY-MT1.5-7B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/HY-MT1.5-7B",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/HY-MT1.5-7B",
+        },
+        "Hunyuan-A13B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Hunyuan-A13B-Instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/Hunyuan-A13B-Instruct",
+        },
     },
     template="hunyuan",
 )
 
 
+register_model_group(
+    models={
+        "HY-MT1.5-1.8B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/HY-MT1.5-1.8B",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-Hunyuan/HY-MT1.5-1.8B",
+        },
+    },
+    template="hunyuan_small",
+)
+
+
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Index-1.9B-Base": {
@@ -1266,29 +1216,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "InternLM-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "internlm/internlm-7b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Shanghai_AI_Laboratory/internlm-7b",
-        },
-        "InternLM-20B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "internlm/internlm-20b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Shanghai_AI_Laboratory/internlm-20b",
-        },
-        "InternLM-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "internlm/internlm-chat-7b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Shanghai_AI_Laboratory/internlm-chat-7b",
-        },
-        "InternLM-20B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "internlm/internlm-chat-20b",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Shanghai_AI_Laboratory/internlm-chat-20b",
-        },
-    },
-    template="intern",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "InternLM2-7B": {
@@ -1485,11 +1412,25 @@ register_model_group(
 
 register_model_group(
     models={
-        "LingoWhale-8B": {
+        "LFM2.5-1.2B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "deeplang-ai/LingoWhale-8B",
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "LiquidAI/LFM2.5-1.2B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "DeepLang/LingoWhale-8B",
+        },
-        }
+        "LFM2.5-1.2B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "LiquidAI/LFM2.5-1.2B-Instruct",
+        },
     },
+    template="lfm2",
+)
+
+
+register_model_group(
+    models={
+        "LFM2.5-VL-1.6B": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "LiquidAI/LFM2.5-VL-1.6B",
+        },
+    },
+    template="lfm2_vl",
+    multimodal=True,
 )
 
 
@@ -1804,17 +1745,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Marco-o1-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "AIDC-AI/Marco-o1",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AIDC-AI/Marco-o1",
-        },
-    },
-    template="marco",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "MiMo-7B-Base": {
@@ -1885,33 +1815,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "MiniCPM-2B-SFT-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM-2B-sft-bf16",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/miniCPM-bf16",
-        },
-        "MiniCPM-2B-DPO-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM-2B-dpo-bf16",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/MiniCPM-2B-dpo-bf16",
-        },
-    },
-    template="cpm",
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "MiniCPM3-4B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM3-4B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/MiniCPM3-4B",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "LlamaFactory/MiniCPM3-4B",
-        },
-    },
-    template="cpm3",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "MiniCPM4-0.5B-Chat": {
@@ -1949,26 +1852,10 @@ register_model_group(
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM-V-2_6",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/MiniCPM-V-2_6",
         },
-    },
-    template="minicpm_v",
-    multimodal=True,
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
         "MiniCPM-V-4": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM-V-4",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/MiniCPM-V-4",
         },
-    },
-    template="minicpm_v",
-    multimodal=True,
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
         "MiniCPM-V-4.5": {
             DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "openbmb/MiniCPM-V-4_5",
             DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OpenBMB/MiniCPM-V-4_5",
@@ -2226,33 +2113,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Orion-14B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Base",
-        },
-        "Orion-14B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Orion-14B-Long-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-LongChat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-LongChat",
-        },
-        "Orion-14B-RAG-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat-RAG",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat-RAG",
-        },
-        "Orion-14B-Plugin-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat-Plugin",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat-Plugin",
-        },
-    },
-    template="orion",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "PaliGemma-3B-pt-224": {
@@ -2349,20 +2209,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Phi-1.5-1.3B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "microsoft/phi-1_5",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "allspace/PHI_1-5",
-        },
-        "Phi-2-2.7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "microsoft/phi-2",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AI-ModelScope/phi-2",
-        },
-    }
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Phi-3-4B-4k-Instruct": {
@@ -2419,6 +2265,15 @@ register_model_group(
     template="phi4",
 )
 
+register_model_group(
+    models={
+        "Phi-4-3.8B-instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "microsoft/Phi-4-mini-instruct",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "LLM-Research/Phi-4-mini-instruct",
+        },
+    },
+    template="phi4_mini",
+)
 
 register_model_group(
     models={
@@ -2432,228 +2287,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Qwen-1.8B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B",
-        },
-        "Qwen-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-7B",
-        },
-        "Qwen-14B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-14B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-14B",
-        },
-        "Qwen-72B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
-        },
-        "Qwen-1.8B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen-14B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen-72B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen-1.8B-Chat-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen-1.8B-Chat-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-1_8B-Chat-Int4",
-        },
-        "Qwen-7B-Chat-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen-7B-Chat-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-7B-Chat-Int4",
-        },
-        "Qwen-14B-Chat-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen-14B-Chat-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-14B-Chat-Int4",
-        },
-        "Qwen-72B-Chat-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen-72B-Chat-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen-72B-Chat-Int4",
-        },
-    },
-    template="qwen",
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Qwen1.5-0.5B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-1.8B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-4B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-14B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-32B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-72B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-110B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-4B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-14B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-32B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-72B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-110B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-0.5B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-4B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-32B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-32B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-110B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-110B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-        "Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/Qwen1.5-MoE-A2.7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-        },
-        "CodeQwen1.5-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B",
-        },
-        "CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat",
-        },
-        "CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Qwen/CodeQwen1.5-7B-Chat-AWQ",
-        },
-    },
-    template="qwen",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Qwen2-0.5B": {
@@ -3421,27 +3054,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Skywork-13B-Base": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Skywork/Skywork-13B-base",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "skywork/Skywork-13B-base",
-        }
-    }
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Skywork-o1-Open-Llama-3.1-8B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Skywork/Skywork-o1-Open-Llama-3.1-8B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AI-ModelScope/Skywork-o1-Open-Llama-3.1-8B",
-        }
-    },
-    template="skywork_o1",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "SmolLM-135M": {
@@ -3536,30 +3148,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "TeleChat-1B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Tele-AI/TeleChat-1B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "TeleAI/TeleChat-1B",
-        },
-        "TeleChat-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Tele-AI/telechat-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "TeleAI/telechat-7B",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "TeleAI/TeleChat-7B-pt",
-        },
-        "TeleChat-12B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Tele-AI/TeleChat-12B-v2",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "TeleAI/TeleChat-12B-v2",
-            DownloadSource.OPENMIND: "TeleAI/TeleChat-12B-pt",
-        },
-        "TeleChat-52B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "Tele-AI/TeleChat-52B",
-        },
-    },
-    template="telechat",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "TeleChat2-3B-Chat": {
@@ -3674,80 +3262,6 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "XVERSE-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-7B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-7B",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-13B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-13B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-13B",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-65B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-65B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-65B",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-65B-2": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-2",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-2",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-7B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-13B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-65B-Chat": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-Chat",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-Chat",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-MoE-A4.2B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-MoE-A4.2B",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-MoE-A4.2B",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-7B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int8",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-13B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-        },
-        "XVERSE-65B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "xverse/XVERSE-65B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4",
-        },
-    },
-    template="xverse",
-)
-
-
-register_model_group(
-    models={
-        "Yayi-7B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "wenge-research/yayi-7b-llama2",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AI-ModelScope/yayi-7b-llama2",
-        },
-        "Yayi-13B": {
-            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "wenge-research/yayi-13b-llama2",
-            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "AI-ModelScope/yayi-13b-llama2",
-        },
-    },
-    template="yayi",
-)
-
-
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Yi-6B": {
@@ -3846,6 +3360,21 @@ register_model_group(
 )
 
 
+register_model_group(
+    models={
+        "Youtu-LLM-2B-Instruct": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Youtu-LLM-2B",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-YouTu-Research/Youtu-LLM-2B",
+        },
+        "Youtu-LLM-2B-Base": {
+            DownloadSource.DEFAULT: "tencent/Youtu-LLM-2B-Base",
+            DownloadSource.MODELSCOPE: "Tencent-YouTu-Research/Youtu-LLM-2B-Base",
+        },
+    },
+    template="youtu",
+)
+
+
 register_model_group(
     models={
         "Yuan2-2B-Chat": {

src/llamafactory/extras/env.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
 
-VERSION = "0.9.4"
+VERSION = "0.9.5.dev0"
 
 
 def print_env() -> None:

src/llamafactory/extras/misc.py

@@ -157,6 +157,33 @@ def get_current_device() -> "torch.device":
     return torch.device(device)
 
 
+def get_device_name() -> str:
+    r"""Get the name of available devices."""
+    if is_torch_xpu_available():
+        device = "xpu"
+    elif is_torch_npu_available():
+        device = "npu"
+    elif is_torch_mps_available():
+        device = "mps"
+    elif is_torch_cuda_available():
+        device = "gpu"
+    else:
+        device = "cpu"
+
+    return device
+
+
+def get_torch_device():
+    r"""Get the torch device namespace for the available devices."""
+    device_name = get_device_name()
+    device_name = "cuda" if device_name == "gpu" else device_name
+    try:
+        return getattr(torch, device_name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        logger.warning_rank0(f"Device namespace '{device_name}' not found in torch, try to load torch.cuda.")
+        return torch.cuda
+
+
 def get_device_count() -> int:
     r"""Get the number of available devices."""
     if is_torch_xpu_available():

src/llamafactory/hparams/data_args.py

@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ class DataArguments:
         default=16384,
         metadata={"help": "Size of the buffer to randomly sample examples from in dataset streaming."},
     )
-    mix_strategy: Literal["concat", "interleave_under", "interleave_over"] = field(
+    mix_strategy: Literal["concat", "interleave_under", "interleave_over", "interleave_once"] = field(
         default="concat",
-        metadata={"help": "Strategy to use in dataset mixing (concat/interleave) (undersampling/oversampling)."},
+        metadata={"help": "Strategy to use in dataset mixing (concat/interleave) (undersampling/oversampling/sampling w.o. replacement)."},
     )
     interleave_probs: str | None = field(
         default=None,

src/llamafactory/hparams/finetuning_args.py

@@ -490,6 +490,14 @@ class FinetuningArguments(
         default=False,
         metadata={"help": "Whether to use the DFT loss."},
     )
+    use_eaft_loss: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={"help": "Whether to use the EAFT loss."},
+    )
+    eaft_alpha: float = field(
+        default=1.0,
+        metadata={"help": "The alpha parameter for EAFT loss to control the power of adaptive weight."},
+    )
     freeze_vision_tower: bool = field(
         default=True,
         metadata={"help": "Whether ot not to freeze the vision tower in MLLM training."},

src/llamafactory/hparams/model_args.py

@@ -298,23 +298,6 @@ class QuantizationArguments:
         default=None,
         metadata={"help": "Device map used to infer the 4-bit quantized model, needs bitsandbytes>=0.43.0."},
     )
-    fp8: bool = field(
-        default=False,
-        metadata={
-            "help": "Enable FP8 mixed precision training via HuggingFace Accelerate. "
-            "Requires PyTorch 2.7+ and Hopper architecture GPUs."
-        },
-    )
-    fp8_backend: str = field(
-        default="auto",
-        metadata={
-            "help": "FP8 backend to use ('auto', 'torchao', 'te', 'msamp'). 'auto' selects best available backend."
-        },
-    )
-    fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather: bool = field(
-        default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Enable FP8 optimizations for FSDP2 all-gather operations."},
-    )
 
 
 @dataclass

src/llamafactory/hparams/parser.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import json
 import os
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -70,13 +71,13 @@ def read_args(args: dict[str, Any] | list[str] | None = None) -> dict[str, Any]
     if args is not None:
         return args
 
-    if sys.argv[1].endswith(".yaml") or sys.argv[1].endswith(".yml"):
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1 and (sys.argv[1].endswith(".yaml") or sys.argv[1].endswith(".yml")):
         override_config = OmegaConf.from_cli(sys.argv[2:])
         dict_config = OmegaConf.load(Path(sys.argv[1]).absolute())
         return OmegaConf.to_container(OmegaConf.merge(dict_config, override_config))
-    elif sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
+    elif len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
         override_config = OmegaConf.from_cli(sys.argv[2:])
-        dict_config = OmegaConf.load(Path(sys.argv[1]).absolute())
+        dict_config = OmegaConf.create(json.load(Path(sys.argv[1]).absolute()))
         return OmegaConf.to_container(OmegaConf.merge(dict_config, override_config))
     else:
         return sys.argv[1:]
@@ -142,14 +143,6 @@ def _verify_model_args(
         logger.warning_rank0("We should use slow tokenizer for the Yi models. Change `use_fast_tokenizer` to False.")
         model_args.use_fast_tokenizer = False
 
-    # Validate advanced training features
-    if model_args.fp8 and model_args.quantization_bit is not None:
-        raise ValueError("FP8 training is not compatible with quantization. Please disable one of them.")
-
-    if model_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather and not model_args.fp8:
-        logger.warning_rank0("fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather requires fp8=True. Setting fp8=True.")
-        model_args.fp8 = True
-
 
 def _check_extra_dependencies(
     model_args: "ModelArguments",
@@ -347,6 +340,9 @@ def get_train_args(args: dict[str, Any] | list[str] | None = None) -> _TRAIN_CLS
     if training_args.deepspeed is not None and (finetuning_args.use_galore or finetuning_args.use_apollo):
         raise ValueError("GaLore and APOLLO are incompatible with DeepSpeed yet.")
 
+    if not finetuning_args.use_mca and training_args.fp8 and model_args.quantization_bit is not None:
+        raise ValueError("FP8 training is not compatible with quantization. Please disable one of them.")
+
     if model_args.infer_backend != EngineName.HF:
         raise ValueError("vLLM/SGLang backend is only available for API, CLI and Web.")
 
@@ -363,6 +359,10 @@ def get_train_args(args: dict[str, Any] | list[str] | None = None) -> _TRAIN_CLS
     _verify_model_args(model_args, data_args, finetuning_args)
     _check_extra_dependencies(model_args, finetuning_args, training_args)
 
+    if not finetuning_args.use_mca and training_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather and not training_args.fp8:
+        logger.warning_rank0("fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather requires fp8=True. Setting fp8=True.")
+        model_args.fp8 = True
+
     if (
         training_args.do_train
         and finetuning_args.finetuning_type == "lora"

src/llamafactory/hparams/training_args.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 
 import json
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from typing import Literal
 
 from transformers import Seq2SeqTrainingArguments
 from transformers.training_args import _convert_str_dict
@@ -40,59 +39,55 @@ else:
 class RayArguments:
     r"""Arguments pertaining to the Ray training."""
 
-    ray_run_name: str | None = field(
-        default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "The training results will be saved at `<ray_storage_path>/ray_run_name`."},
-    )
-    ray_storage_path: str = field(
-        default="./saves",
-        metadata={"help": "The storage path to save training results to"},
-    )
-    ray_storage_filesystem: Literal["s3", "gs", "gcs"] | None = field(
-        default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "The storage filesystem to use. If None specified, local filesystem will be used."},
-    )
     ray_num_workers: int = field(
         default=1,
         metadata={"help": "The number of workers for Ray training. Default is 1 worker."},
     )
-    resources_per_worker: dict | str = field(
-        default_factory=lambda: {"GPU": 1},
-        metadata={"help": "The resources per worker for Ray training. Default is to use 1 GPU per worker."},
-    )
-    placement_strategy: Literal["SPREAD", "PACK", "STRICT_SPREAD", "STRICT_PACK"] = field(
-        default="PACK",
-        metadata={"help": "The placement strategy for Ray training. Default is PACK."},
-    )
     ray_init_kwargs: dict | str | None = field(
         default=None,
         metadata={"help": "The arguments to pass to ray.init for Ray training. Default is None."},
     )
+    master_addr: str | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "The master address for init_process_group"},
+    )
+    master_port: str | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "The master port for init_process_group"},
+    )
 
     def __post_init__(self):
         self.use_ray = use_ray()
-        if isinstance(self.resources_per_worker, str) and self.resources_per_worker.startswith("{"):
-            self.resources_per_worker = _convert_str_dict(json.loads(self.resources_per_worker))
 
         if isinstance(self.ray_init_kwargs, str) and self.ray_init_kwargs.startswith("{"):
             self.ray_init_kwargs = _convert_str_dict(json.loads(self.ray_init_kwargs))
 
-        if self.ray_storage_filesystem is not None:
-            if self.ray_storage_filesystem not in ["s3", "gs", "gcs"]:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    f"ray_storage_filesystem must be one of ['s3', 'gs', 'gcs'], got {self.ray_storage_filesystem}."
-                )
 
-            import pyarrow.fs as fs
+@dataclass
+class Fp8Arguments:
+    r"""Arguments pertaining to the FP8 training."""
 
-            if self.ray_storage_filesystem == "s3":
+    fp8: bool = field(
-                self.ray_storage_filesystem = fs.S3FileSystem()
+        default=False,
-            elif self.ray_storage_filesystem == "gs" or self.ray_storage_filesystem == "gcs":
+        metadata={
-                self.ray_storage_filesystem = fs.GcsFileSystem()
+            "help": "Enable FP8 mixed precision training via HuggingFace Accelerate. "
+            "Requires PyTorch 2.7+ and Hopper architecture GPUs."
+        },
+    )
+    fp8_backend: str = field(
+        default="auto",
+        metadata={
+            "help": "FP8 backend to use ('auto', 'torchao', 'te', 'msamp'). 'auto' selects best available backend."
+        },
+    )
+    fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={"help": "Enable FP8 optimizations for FSDP2 all-gather operations."},
+    )
 
 
 @dataclass
-class TrainingArguments(RayArguments, BaseTrainingArguments):
+class TrainingArguments(Fp8Arguments, RayArguments, BaseTrainingArguments):
     r"""Arguments pertaining to the trainer."""
 
     overwrite_output_dir: bool = field(

src/llamafactory/model/loader.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import os
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, TypedDict
 
+import torch
 from transformers import (
     AutoConfig,
     AutoModelForCausalLM,
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ from trl import AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead
 
 from ..extras import logging
 from ..extras.misc import count_parameters, skip_check_imports, try_download_model_from_other_hub
+from ..extras.packages import is_torch_version_greater_than
 from .adapter import init_adapter
 from .model_utils.ktransformers import load_kt_pretrained_model
 from .model_utils.liger_kernel import apply_liger_kernel
@@ -203,6 +205,16 @@ def load_model(
             model.load_state_dict(vhead_params, strict=False)
             logger.info_rank0(f"Loaded valuehead from checkpoint: {vhead_path}")
 
+    # Conv3D is not recommended when using torch 2.9.x
+    if is_torch_version_greater_than("2.9.0") and not is_torch_version_greater_than("2.10.0"):
+        if any(isinstance(m, torch.nn.Conv3d) for m in model.modules()):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Unsupported torch version detected: torch 2.9.x with Conv3D. "
+                "This combination is known to cause severe performance regression. "
+                "Please downgrade torch to <2.9 or remove Conv3D. "
+                "See https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/166122"
+            )
+
     if not is_trainable:
         model.requires_grad_(False)
         model.eval()
@@ -218,7 +230,7 @@ def load_model(
         )
         from ..v1.plugins.model_plugins.kernels.interface import apply_default_kernels
 
-        model = apply_default_kernels(model=model, include_kernels=model_args.use_v1_kernels)
+        model = apply_default_kernels(model, include_kernels=model_args.use_v1_kernels)
 
     trainable_params, all_param = count_parameters(model)
     if is_trainable:

src/llamafactory/model/model_utils/visual.py

@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ _register_composite_model(
 _register_composite_model(
     model_type="qwen3_vl",
     projector_key="visual.merger",
-    vision_model_keys=["visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list"],
+    vision_model_keys=["visual.pos_embed", "visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list"],
     language_model_keys=["language_model", "lm_head"],
     lora_conflict_keys=["patch_embed"],
 )
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ _register_composite_model(
 _register_composite_model(
     model_type="qwen3_vl_moe",
     projector_key="visual.merger",
-    vision_model_keys=["visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list"],
+    vision_model_keys=["visual.pos_embed", "visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list"],
     language_model_keys=["language_model", "lm_head"],
     lora_conflict_keys=["patch_embed"],
 )
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ _register_composite_model(
 _register_composite_model(
     model_type="qwen3_omni_moe_thinker",
     projector_key="visual.merger",
-    vision_model_keys=["visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list", "audio_tower"],
+    vision_model_keys=["visual.pos_embed", "visual.patch_embed", "visual.blocks", "visual.deepstack_merger_list", "audio_tower"],
     language_model_keys=["model", "lm_head"],
     lora_conflict_keys=["patch_embed"],
 )

src/llamafactory/model/patcher.py

@@ -138,18 +138,25 @@ def patch_config(
     if getattr(config, "model_type", None) == "kimi_vl" and is_trainable:
         setattr(config.text_config, "topk_method", "greedy")
 
-    if "InternVLChatModel" in getattr(config, "architectures", []):
+    architectures = getattr(config, "architectures", None)
+    if isinstance(architectures, list) and "InternVLChatModel" in architectures:
         raise ValueError(
             "Please download the internvl models in a Hugging Face–compatible format "
             "(for example, https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL3-8B-hf)."
         )
 
-    if "LlavaLlamaForCausalLM" in getattr(config, "architectures", []):
+    if isinstance(architectures, list) and "LlavaLlamaForCausalLM" in architectures:
         raise ValueError("Please download llava models with hf-compatible format: https://huggingface.co/llava-hf")
 
     if getattr(config, "model_type", None) == "internlm3" and not is_transformers_version_greater_than("4.47.1"):
         raise RuntimeError("InternLM3 model requires transformers>=4.47.1, please upgrade it.")
 
+    if getattr(config, "model_type", None) == "lfm2_vl" and not is_transformers_version_greater_than("4.58.0"):
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "LFM2.5-VL model requires transformers>=4.58.0 or install from commit: "
+            "pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@3c2517727ce28a30f5044e01663ee204deb1cdbe"
+        )
+
     if getattr(config, "model_type", None) == "qwen3_omni_moe":
         patch_qwen3_omni_moe_thinker_text_sparse_moe_block()
 

src/llamafactory/train/fp8_utils.py

@@ -12,35 +12,45 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import os
+import types
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
 
 from ..extras import logging
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from ..hparams import ModelArguments
+    from ..hparams import TrainingArguments
+
 
 logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
 
 
-def create_fp8_kwargs(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> list[Any]:
+def create_fp8_kwargs(training_args: "TrainingArguments") -> list[Any]:
     """Create AORecipeKwargs for FP8 training with HuggingFace Accelerate.
 
     Args:
-        model_args: Model arguments containing FP8 configuration
+        training_args: Training arguments containing FP8 configuration
 
     Returns:
         List containing AORecipeKwargs if FP8 is enabled and supported, empty list otherwise
     """
-    if not model_args.fp8:
+    if not training_args.fp8:
         return []
 
-    try:
+    backend = getattr(training_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
-        # Check if AORecipeKwargs is available (Accelerate 1.8.0+)
+    logger.info_rank0(f"Creating FP8 configuration with backend: {backend}")
-        from accelerate.utils import AORecipeKwargs
 
-        backend = getattr(model_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
+    try:
-        logger.info_rank0(f"Creating FP8 configuration with backend: {backend}")
+        # Use Transformer Engine backend (optimal for Hopper GPUs)
+        if backend == "te":
+            from accelerate.utils import FP8RecipeKwargs
+
+            logger.info_rank0("Using Transformer Engine FP8 backend")
+            return [FP8RecipeKwargs(backend="TE", fp8_format="HYBRID", amax_history_len=16, amax_compute_algo="max")]
+
+        # Use TorchAO backend (default)
+        from accelerate.utils import AORecipeKwargs
 
         # Create Float8LinearConfig if torchao backend is used
         config = None
@@ -83,7 +93,10 @@ def create_fp8_kwargs(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> list[Any]:
             return True
 
         # Map FSDP all-gather setting if available (this affects the underlying implementation)
-        if hasattr(model_args, "fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather") and model_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather:
+        if (
+            hasattr(training_args, "fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather")
+            and training_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather
+        ):
             logger.info_rank0("FSDP float8 all-gather optimization requested")
 
         return [AORecipeKwargs(config=config, module_filter_func=module_filter_func)]
@@ -92,19 +105,19 @@ def create_fp8_kwargs(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> list[Any]:
         return []
 
 
-def get_fp8_mixed_precision(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> Optional[str]:
+def get_fp8_mixed_precision(training_args: "TrainingArguments") -> Optional[str]:
     """Get the mixed precision setting for Accelerate when using FP8.
 
     Args:
-        model_args: Model arguments containing FP8 configuration
+        training_args: Training arguments containing FP8 configuration
 
     Returns:
         "fp8" if FP8 is enabled, None otherwise
     """
-    return "fp8" if model_args.fp8 else None
+    return "fp8" if training_args.fp8 else None
 
 
-def configure_fp8_environment(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> None:
+def configure_fp8_environment(training_args: "TrainingArguments") -> None:
     """Configure FP8 environment for HuggingFace Accelerate.
 
     FP8 training is handled entirely through HuggingFace Accelerate, regardless of whether
@@ -112,11 +125,9 @@ def configure_fp8_environment(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> None:
     variables and validates the FP8 configuration.
 
     Args:
-        model_args: Model arguments containing FP8 configuration
+        training_args: Training arguments containing FP8 configuration
     """
-    import os
+    if not training_args.fp8:
-
-    if not model_args.fp8:
         return
 
     # Set mixed precision to fp8 for HuggingFace Accelerate
@@ -124,38 +135,38 @@ def configure_fp8_environment(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> None:
     logger.info_rank0("Set ACCELERATE_MIXED_PRECISION=fp8")
 
     # Configure FP8 backend and options
-    backend = getattr(model_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
+    backend = getattr(training_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
     if backend != "auto":
         os.environ["FP8_BACKEND"] = backend
         logger.info_rank0(f"Set FP8_BACKEND={backend}")
 
     # Create and validate FP8 recipe kwargs (for logging/debugging)
-    fp8_kwargs = create_fp8_kwargs(model_args)
+    fp8_kwargs = create_fp8_kwargs(training_args)
     logger.info_rank0(f"FP8 AORecipeKwargs created: {len(fp8_kwargs)} items")
 
     # Enable FSDP float8 all-gather optimization if requested
-    if hasattr(model_args, "fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather") and model_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather:
+    if hasattr(training_args, "fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather") and training_args.fp8_enable_fsdp_float8_all_gather:
         os.environ["FP8_ENABLE_FSDP_FLOAT8_ALL_GATHER"] = "true"
         logger.info_rank0("Set FP8_ENABLE_FSDP_FLOAT8_ALL_GATHER=true")
 
     logger.info_rank0("FP8 environment configured - all FP8 training handled by HuggingFace Accelerate")
 
 
-def verify_fp8_status(accelerator, model_args: "ModelArguments") -> None:
+def verify_fp8_status(accelerator, training_args: "TrainingArguments") -> None:
     """Verify that FP8 training is actually working after model preparation.
 
     Args:
         accelerator: The HuggingFace Accelerator instance
-        model_args: Model arguments containing FP8 configuration
+        training_args: Training arguments containing FP8 configuration
     """
-    if not model_args.fp8:
+    if not training_args.fp8:
         return
 
     # Check Accelerate's FP8 status
     fp8_enabled = getattr(accelerator, "fp8_enabled", False)
     fp8_backend_type = getattr(accelerator, "fp8_backend", "UNKNOWN")
 
-    backend = getattr(model_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
+    backend = getattr(training_args, "fp8_backend", "auto")
     if backend == "torchao" or backend == "auto":
         logger.info_rank0(
             "FP8 training enabled with TorchAO backend. For optimal performance, "
@@ -169,3 +180,50 @@ def verify_fp8_status(accelerator, model_args: "ModelArguments") -> None:
 
     if not fp8_enabled:
         logger.info_rank0("WARNING: FP8 was requested but Accelerate shows fp8_enabled=False. FP8 may not be working.")
+
+
+def patch_accelerator_for_fp8() -> None:
+    """Patch Accelerator to inject FP8 recipe kwargs.
+
+    This is needed because HuggingFace Trainer doesn't pass kwargs_handlers to Accelerator.
+    We monkey-patch Accelerator.__init__ to inject the FP8 recipe and force mixed_precision='fp8'.
+    """
+    import transformer_engine.pytorch as te
+    from accelerate import Accelerator
+
+    # Guard against multiple patches
+    if getattr(Accelerator, "_te_fp8_patched", False):
+        return
+
+    # Stub for Accelerate 1.12+ compatibility (te.fp8.check_mxfp8_support doesn't exist yet)
+    if not hasattr(te, "fp8"):
+        te.fp8 = types.ModuleType("fp8")
+        te.fp8.check_mxfp8_support = lambda: (False, "MXFP8 not supported")
+
+    try:
+        from accelerate.utils import TERecipeKwargs as FP8Recipe
+
+        use_te_recipe = True
+    except ImportError:
+        from accelerate.utils import FP8RecipeKwargs as FP8Recipe
+
+        use_te_recipe = False
+
+    original_init = Accelerator.__init__
+
+    def patched_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if "kwargs_handlers" not in kwargs or not kwargs["kwargs_handlers"]:
+            if use_te_recipe:
+                kwargs["kwargs_handlers"] = [
+                    FP8Recipe(fp8_format="HYBRID", amax_history_len=16, amax_compute_algo="max")
+                ]
+            else:
+                kwargs["kwargs_handlers"] = [
+                    FP8Recipe(backend="TE", fp8_format="HYBRID", amax_history_len=16, amax_compute_algo="max")
+                ]
+            # Only force mixed_precision when we inject handlers
+            kwargs["mixed_precision"] = "fp8"
+        return original_init(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    Accelerator.__init__ = patched_init
+    Accelerator._te_fp8_patched = True

src/llamafactory/train/pt/trainer.py

@@ -19,16 +19,15 @@ import torch
 from transformers import Trainer
 from typing_extensions import override
 
-from ...extras.packages import is_transformers_version_greater_than
 from ..callbacks import SaveProcessorCallback
-from ..fp8_utils import configure_fp8_environment, verify_fp8_status
+from ..fp8_utils import configure_fp8_environment, patch_accelerator_for_fp8, verify_fp8_status
 from ..trainer_utils import create_custom_optimizer, create_custom_scheduler
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from transformers import ProcessorMixin
 
-    from ...hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments
+    from ...hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments, TrainingArguments
 
 
 class CustomTrainer(Trainer):
@@ -41,11 +40,13 @@ class CustomTrainer(Trainer):
         model_args: Optional["ModelArguments"] = None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> None:
+        kwargs["processing_class"] = kwargs.pop("tokenizer")
         # Configure FP8 environment if enabled
-        if model_args is not None and model_args.fp8:
+        training_args: TrainingArguments = kwargs.get("args")
-            configure_fp8_environment(model_args)
+        if training_args.fp8:
-        if is_transformers_version_greater_than("4.46"):
+            configure_fp8_environment(training_args)
-            kwargs["processing_class"] = kwargs.pop("tokenizer")
+            if getattr(training_args, "fp8_backend", "auto") == "te":
+                patch_accelerator_for_fp8()
 
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         if processor is not None:
@@ -64,9 +65,8 @@ class CustomTrainer(Trainer):
             self.accelerator.clip_grad_norm_ = MethodType(clip_grad_norm_old_version, self.accelerator)
             self.add_callback(BAdamCallback)
 
-        # Verify FP8 status after trainer initialization (accelerator should be available)
+        if training_args.fp8 and hasattr(self, "accelerator"):  # verify FP8 status after trainer initialization
-        if model_args is not None and model_args.fp8 and hasattr(self, "accelerator"):
+            verify_fp8_status(self.accelerator, training_args)
-            verify_fp8_status(self.accelerator, model_args)
 
     @override
     def create_optimizer(self) -> "torch.optim.Optimizer":

src/llamafactory/train/rm/trainer.py

@@ -109,6 +109,27 @@ class PairwiseTrainer(Trainer):
         else:
             return loss
 
+    @override
+    def _save(self, output_dir: Optional[str] = None, state_dict=None):
+        if state_dict is None:
+            state_dict = self.model.state_dict()
+
+        if self.args.save_safetensors:
+            from collections import defaultdict
+
+            ptrs = defaultdict(list)
+            for name, tensor in state_dict.items():
+                if isinstance(tensor, torch.Tensor):
+                    ptrs[id(tensor)].append(name)
+
+            for names in ptrs.values():
+                if len(names) > 1:
+                    names.sort()
+                    for name in names[1:]:
+                        state_dict.pop(name, None)
+
+        super()._save(output_dir, state_dict)
+
     def save_predictions(self, predict_results: "PredictionOutput") -> None:
         r"""Save model predictions to `output_dir`.
 

src/llamafactory/train/sft/trainer.py

@@ -27,18 +27,17 @@ from typing_extensions import override
 
 from ...extras import logging
 from ...extras.constants import IGNORE_INDEX
-from ...extras.packages import is_transformers_version_greater_than
 from ..callbacks import SaveProcessorCallback
-from ..fp8_utils import configure_fp8_environment, verify_fp8_status
+from ..fp8_utils import configure_fp8_environment, patch_accelerator_for_fp8, verify_fp8_status
 from ..trainer_utils import create_custom_optimizer, create_custom_scheduler
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from torch.utils.data import Dataset
-    from transformers import PreTrainedTokenizer, ProcessorMixin
+    from transformers import ProcessorMixin
     from transformers.trainer import PredictionOutput
 
-    from ...hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments
+    from ...hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments, TrainingArguments
 
 
 logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
@@ -55,13 +54,13 @@ class CustomSeq2SeqTrainer(Seq2SeqTrainer):
         gen_kwargs: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> None:
+        kwargs["processing_class"] = kwargs.pop("tokenizer")
         # Configure FP8 environment if enabled
-        if model_args is not None and model_args.fp8:
+        training_args: TrainingArguments = kwargs.get("args")
-            configure_fp8_environment(model_args)
+        if training_args.fp8:
-        if is_transformers_version_greater_than("4.46"):
+            configure_fp8_environment(training_args)
-            kwargs["processing_class"] = kwargs.pop("tokenizer")
+            if getattr(training_args, "fp8_backend", "auto") == "te":
-        else:
+                patch_accelerator_for_fp8()
-            self.processing_class: PreTrainedTokenizer = kwargs.get("tokenizer")
 
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         if processor is not None:
@@ -88,9 +87,15 @@ class CustomSeq2SeqTrainer(Seq2SeqTrainer):
 
             self.compute_loss_func = dft_loss_func
 
-        # Verify FP8 status after trainer initialization (accelerator should be available)
+        elif finetuning_args.use_eaft_loss:
-        if model_args is not None and model_args.fp8 and hasattr(self, "accelerator"):
+            from ..trainer_utils import eaft_loss_func
-            verify_fp8_status(self.accelerator, model_args)
+
+            self.compute_loss_func = lambda outputs, labels, num_items_in_batch=None: eaft_loss_func(
+                outputs, labels, num_items_in_batch, finetuning_args.eaft_alpha
+            )
+
+        if training_args.fp8 and hasattr(self, "accelerator"):  # verify FP8 status after trainer initialization
+            verify_fp8_status(self.accelerator, training_args)
 
     @override
     def create_optimizer(self) -> "torch.optim.Optimizer":

src/llamafactory/train/trainer_utils.py

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 import json
 import os
 from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
 
 import torch
@@ -34,6 +33,7 @@ from typing_extensions import override
 
 from ..extras import logging
 from ..extras.constants import IGNORE_INDEX, SWANLAB_CONFIG
+from ..extras.misc import get_device_name
 from ..extras.packages import is_apollo_available, is_galore_available, is_ray_available
 from ..hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments
 from ..model import find_all_linear_modules, load_model, load_tokenizer, load_valuehead_params
@@ -49,15 +49,15 @@ if is_apollo_available():
 
 if is_ray_available():
     import ray
-    from ray.train import RunConfig, ScalingConfig
+    from ray.util.placement_group import PlacementGroup, placement_group
-    from ray.train.torch import TorchTrainer
+    from ray.util.scheduling_strategies import PlacementGroupSchedulingStrategy
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from transformers import PreTrainedModel, TrainerCallback, TrainerState
     from trl import AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead
 
-    from ..hparams import DataArguments, RayArguments, TrainingArguments
+    from ..hparams import DataArguments, TrainingArguments
 
 
 logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
@@ -634,7 +634,9 @@ def get_batch_logps(
     return logps, valid_length
 
 
-def dft_loss_func(outputs, labels, num_items_in_batch=None):
+def dft_loss_func(
+    outputs: "torch.Tensor", labels: "torch.Tensor", num_items_in_batch: Optional["torch.Tensor"] = None
+):
     logits = outputs.get("logits")
     if logits is None:
         return outputs.get("loss", torch.tensor(0.0))
@@ -652,11 +654,11 @@ def dft_loss_func(outputs, labels, num_items_in_batch=None):
 
 
 def _dft_cross_entropy(
-    source: torch.Tensor,
+    source: "torch.Tensor",
-    target: torch.Tensor,
+    target: "torch.Tensor",
-    num_items_in_batch: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+    num_items_in_batch: Optional["torch.Tensor"] = None,
     ignore_index: int = -100,
-) -> torch.Tensor:
+) -> "torch.Tensor":
     per_token_loss = torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy(source, target, ignore_index=ignore_index, reduction="none")
     valid_mask = target != ignore_index
     if not valid_mask.any():
@@ -679,6 +681,67 @@ def _dft_cross_entropy(
     return loss
 
 
+def eaft_loss_func(
+    outputs: "torch.Tensor",
+    labels: "torch.Tensor",
+    num_items_in_batch: Optional["torch.Tensor"] = None,
+    alpha: float = 1.0,
+) -> "torch.Tensor":
+    logits = outputs.get("logits")
+    if logits is None:
+        return outputs.get("loss", torch.tensor(0.0))
+
+    logits = logits.float()
+    vocab_size = logits.size(-1)
+    labels = torch.nn.functional.pad(labels, (0, 1), value=-100)
+    shift_labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous()
+    logits = logits.view(-1, vocab_size)
+    shift_labels = shift_labels.view(-1)
+    shift_labels = shift_labels.to(logits.device)
+
+    loss = _eaft_cross_entropy(logits, shift_labels, num_items_in_batch, alpha)
+    return loss
+
+
+def _eaft_cross_entropy(
+    source: "torch.Tensor",
+    target: "torch.Tensor",
+    num_items_in_batch: Optional["torch.Tensor"] = None,
+    alpha: float = 1.0,
+    ignore_index: int = -100,
+) -> "torch.Tensor":
+    per_token_loss = torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy(source, target, ignore_index=ignore_index, reduction="none")
+    valid_mask = target != ignore_index
+    if not valid_mask.any():
+        return torch.tensor(0.0, device=source.device, dtype=source.dtype)
+
+    valid_losses = per_token_loss[valid_mask]
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        source_detached = source[valid_mask].detach()
+
+        topk_val, _ = torch.topk(source_detached, k=20, dim=-1)
+        logsumexp_topk = torch.logsumexp(topk_val, dim=-1, keepdim=True)
+        log_probs_topk = topk_val - logsumexp_topk
+        probs_topk = torch.exp(log_probs_topk)
+        entropy_approx = -(probs_topk * log_probs_topk).sum(dim=-1)
+
+        entropy_term = entropy_approx / 3.0
+        adaptive_weight = torch.pow(entropy_term, alpha)
+
+    weighted_losses = valid_losses * adaptive_weight
+
+    if num_items_in_batch is not None:
+        total_loss = weighted_losses.sum()
+        if torch.is_tensor(num_items_in_batch):
+            num_items_in_batch = num_items_in_batch.to(total_loss.device)
+        loss = total_loss / num_items_in_batch
+    else:
+        loss = weighted_losses.mean()
+
+    return loss
+
+
 def nested_detach(
     tensors: Union["torch.Tensor", list["torch.Tensor"], tuple["torch.Tensor"], dict[str, "torch.Tensor"]],
     clone: bool = False,
@@ -744,36 +807,88 @@ def get_swanlab_callback(finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments") -> "TrainerCall
     return swanlab_callback
 
 
-def get_ray_trainer(
+def get_placement_group(num_workers: int) -> tuple["PlacementGroup", dict[str, int]]:
-    training_function: Callable,
+    r"""Get the Ray placement group for distributed training."""
-    train_loop_config: dict[str, Any],
+    bundle = {"CPU": 10}
-    ray_args: "RayArguments",
+    device_name = get_device_name().upper()
-) -> "TorchTrainer":
+    if device_name != "CPU":
-    if not ray_args.use_ray:
+        bundle[device_name] = 1
-        raise ValueError("Ray was not enabled. Please set `USE_RAY=1` to enable ray.")
+    bundles = [bundle for _ in range(num_workers)]
+    pg = placement_group(bundles, strategy="PACK")
 
-    if ray_args.ray_init_kwargs is not None:
+    return pg, bundle
-        ray.init(**ray_args.ray_init_kwargs)
 
-    if ray_args.ray_storage_filesystem is not None:
-        # this means we are using s3/gcs
-        storage_path = ray_args.ray_storage_path
-    else:
-        storage_path = Path(ray_args.ray_storage_path).absolute().as_posix()
 
-    trainer = TorchTrainer(
+def get_ray_remote_config_for_worker(
-        training_function,
+    placement_group: "PlacementGroup",
-        train_loop_config=train_loop_config,
+    bundle_idx: int,
-        scaling_config=ScalingConfig(
+    rank: int,
-            num_workers=ray_args.ray_num_workers,
+    world_size: int,
-            resources_per_worker=ray_args.resources_per_worker,
+    master_addr: str,
-            placement_strategy=ray_args.placement_strategy,
+    master_port: str,
-            use_gpu=True,
+    env: dict[str, str] = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    r"""Get the remote config for a Ray worker."""
+    env_vars = {
+        "RANK": str(rank),
+        "WORLD_SIZE": str(world_size),
+        "MASTER_ADDR": master_addr,
+        "MASTER_PORT": master_port,
+        "TORCHELASTIC_USE_AGENT_STORE": "False",
+    }
+    env.update(env_vars)
+
+    remote_config = {
+        "scheduling_strategy": PlacementGroupSchedulingStrategy(
+            placement_group=placement_group,
+            placement_group_bundle_index=bundle_idx,
         ),
-        run_config=RunConfig(
+        "runtime_env": {"env_vars": env},
-            name=ray_args.ray_run_name,
+        "num_cpus": 10,
-            storage_filesystem=ray_args.ray_storage_filesystem,
+    }
-            storage_path=storage_path,
+
-        ),
+    device_name = get_device_name()
-    )
+    if device_name == "gpu":
-    return trainer
+        remote_config["num_gpus"] = 1
+    elif device_name == "npu":
+        remote_config["resources"] = {"NPU": 1}
+
+    return remote_config
+
+
+def get_ray_head_node_ip() -> str:
+    r"""Get the IP address of the Ray head node."""
+    head_ip = next(node["NodeManagerAddress"] for node in ray.nodes() if node.get("IsHead", False))
+    return head_ip
+
+
+def sort_placement_group_by_node_ip(placement_group: "PlacementGroup", master_addr: str = None) -> list[int]:
+    r"""Sort the placement group bundles by their node IP addresses."""
+
+    @ray.remote
+    def _get_node_ip():
+        return ray.util.get_node_ip_address().strip("[]")
+
+    tasks = []
+    for bundle_idx in range(placement_group.bundle_count):
+        task = _get_node_ip.options(
+            scheduling_strategy=PlacementGroupSchedulingStrategy(
+                placement_group=placement_group,
+                placement_group_bundle_index=bundle_idx,
+            ),
+        ).remote()
+        tasks.append(task)
+
+    bundle_ips = ray.get(tasks)
+    bundle_node_ip_list = list(enumerate(bundle_ips))
+
+    sorted_bundle_node_ip_list = sorted(bundle_node_ip_list, key=lambda x: x[1])
+    sorted_bundle_indices = [item[0] for item in sorted_bundle_node_ip_list]
+
+    if master_addr is not None:
+        preferred_indices = [idx for idx, ip in bundle_node_ip_list if ip == master_addr]
+        if preferred_indices:
+            remaining = [i for i in sorted_bundle_indices if i not in preferred_indices]
+            sorted_bundle_indices = preferred_indices + remaining
+
+    return sorted_bundle_indices

src/llamafactory/train/tuner.py

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ from transformers import EarlyStoppingCallback, PreTrainedModel
 from ..data import get_template_and_fix_tokenizer
 from ..extras import logging
 from ..extras.constants import V_HEAD_SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME, V_HEAD_WEIGHTS_NAME
-from ..extras.misc import infer_optim_dtype
+from ..extras.misc import find_available_port, get_device_name, get_torch_device, infer_optim_dtype
 from ..extras.packages import is_mcore_adapter_available, is_ray_available
-from ..hparams import get_infer_args, get_ray_args, get_train_args, read_args
+from ..hparams import RayArguments, get_infer_args, get_ray_args, get_train_args, read_args
 from ..model import load_model, load_tokenizer
 from .callbacks import LogCallback, PissaConvertCallback, ReporterCallback
 from .dpo import run_dpo
@@ -34,12 +34,17 @@ from .ppo import run_ppo
 from .pt import run_pt
 from .rm import run_rm
 from .sft import run_sft
-from .trainer_utils import get_ray_trainer, get_swanlab_callback
+from .trainer_utils import (
+    get_placement_group,
+    get_ray_head_node_ip,
+    get_ray_remote_config_for_worker,
+    get_swanlab_callback,
+    sort_placement_group_by_node_ip,
+)
 
 
 if is_ray_available():
     import ray
-    from ray.train.huggingface.transformers import RayTrainReportCallback
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -115,13 +120,7 @@ def run_exp(args: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None, callbacks: Optional[list["Tra
     ray_args = get_ray_args(args)
     callbacks = callbacks or []
     if ray_args.use_ray:
-        callbacks.append(RayTrainReportCallback())
+        _ray_training_function(ray_args, config={"args": args, "callbacks": callbacks})
-        trainer = get_ray_trainer(
-            training_function=_training_function,
-            train_loop_config={"args": args, "callbacks": callbacks},
-            ray_args=ray_args,
-        )
-        trainer.fit()
     else:
         _training_function(config={"args": args, "callbacks": callbacks})
 
@@ -212,3 +211,94 @@ def export_model(args: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None) -> None:
     with open(ollama_modelfile, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
         f.write(template.get_ollama_modelfile(tokenizer))
         logger.info_rank0(f"Ollama modelfile saved in {ollama_modelfile}")
+
+
+class Worker:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._setup_env_visible_devices()
+
+        local_rank = os.environ.get("LOCAL_RANK", "0")
+        get_torch_device().set_device(int(local_rank))
+
+    def _setup_env_visible_devices(self) -> None:
+        RAY_NOSET_VISIBLE_DEVICES_LIST = [
+            "RAY_EXPERIMENTAL_NOSET_CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES",
+            "RAY_EXPERIMENTAL_NOSET_ASCEND_RT_VISIBLE_DEVICES",
+        ]
+        is_ray_noset_visible_devices = any(os.environ.get(env_var, None) for env_var in RAY_NOSET_VISIBLE_DEVICES_LIST)
+        if is_ray_noset_visible_devices:
+            device_name = get_device_name().upper()
+            local_rank = ray.get_runtime_context().get_accelerator_ids()[device_name][0]
+            os.environ["LOCAL_RANK"] = local_rank
+        else:
+            os.environ["LOCAL_RANK"] = "0"
+
+    def _training_function(self, config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        _training_function(config)
+
+
+def _ray_training_function(ray_args: "RayArguments", config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    num_workers = ray_args.ray_num_workers
+    master_addr = ray_args.master_addr
+    master_port = ray_args.master_port
+    logger.info(f"Using ray.remote mode with {num_workers} workers for distributed training.")
+
+    # initialize ray
+    if not ray.is_initialized():
+        if ray_args.ray_init_kwargs is not None:
+            ray.init(**ray_args.ray_init_kwargs)
+        else:
+            ray.init()
+
+    # verify resources
+    device_name = get_device_name().upper()
+    total_devices = int(ray.cluster_resources().get(device_name, 0))
+    if num_workers > total_devices:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"The number of devices in the Ray cluster ({total_devices}) should be greater than num_workers ({num_workers})."
+        )
+
+    # verify master_addr
+    if master_addr is None:
+        master_addr = get_ray_head_node_ip()
+        logger.info(f"`master_addr` is not specified, using head node ip: {master_addr}.")
+    else:
+        nodes = [node["NodeManagerAddress"] for node in ray.nodes() if node["Alive"]]
+        if master_addr not in nodes:
+            raise ValueError(f"The `master_addr` ({master_addr}) is not in Ray cluster or not alive ")
+
+    # create placementgroup for resource management
+    pg, bundle = get_placement_group(total_devices)
+    ray.get(pg.ready())
+    logger.info(f"Create placement group with {num_workers} bundles: {bundle}")
+
+    # get sorted_bundle_indices
+    sorted_bundle_indices = sort_placement_group_by_node_ip(pg, master_addr)
+
+    # get master port
+    if master_port is None:
+        master_port = find_available_port()
+        logger.info(f"`master_port` is not specified, using available port: {master_port}.")
+    master_port = str(master_port)
+
+    # backing up environment variables
+    current_env = dict(os.environ.items())
+
+    # launch workers
+    RayWorker = ray.remote(Worker)
+    workers = []
+    for rank in range(num_workers):
+        remote_config = get_ray_remote_config_for_worker(
+            placement_group=pg,
+            bundle_idx=sorted_bundle_indices[rank],
+            rank=rank,
+            world_size=num_workers,
+            master_addr=master_addr,
+            master_port=master_port,
+            env=current_env,
+        )
+        worker = RayWorker.options(**remote_config).remote()
+        workers.append(worker)
+
+    ray.get([worker._training_function.remote(config=config) for worker in workers])
+    ray.shutdown()

src/llamafactory/v1/accelerator/helper.py

@@ -119,9 +119,19 @@ def synchronize() -> None:
 
 
 @requires_accelerator
-def set_device() -> None:
+def set_device_index() -> None:
-    """Set current accelerator."""
+    """Set current accelerator index to local rank."""
-    torch.accelerator.set_device_index(get_local_rank())
+    if get_current_accelerator().type != DeviceType.CPU:
+        torch.accelerator.set_device_index(get_local_rank())
+
+
+@requires_accelerator
+def get_current_device() -> torch.device:
+    """Get current accelerator device."""
+    if get_current_accelerator().type == DeviceType.CPU:
+        return torch.device(DeviceType.CPU.value)
+    else:
+        return torch.device(type=get_current_accelerator().type, index=torch.accelerator.current_device_index())
 
 
 def is_torch_cuda_available():
@@ -170,6 +180,16 @@ def operate_tensorlike(fn: Callable[[...], Tensor], data: TensorLike, **kwargs)
         return result.tolist()
 
 
+def get_process_group_backend() -> str:
+    """Get backend for init process group."""
+    if get_current_accelerator().type == DeviceType.NPU:
+        return "hccl"
+    elif get_current_accelerator().type == DeviceType.CUDA:
+        return "nccl"
+    else:
+        return "gloo"
+
+
 def all_gather(tensor: Tensor, group: Optional[ProcessGroup] = None) -> Tensor:
     """Gathers the tensor from all ranks and stacks them at the first dim."""
     world_size = get_world_size()

src/llamafactory/v1/accelerator/interface.py

@@ -34,10 +34,14 @@ from typing import Any, Optional
 from torch.distributed import barrier, destroy_process_group, init_process_group
 from torch.distributed.device_mesh import DeviceMesh, init_device_mesh
 
-from ..utils.types import DistributedConfig, ProcessGroup, Tensor, TensorLike
+from ..utils import logging
+from ..utils.types import DistributedConfig, ProcessGroup, TensorLike
 from . import helper
 
 
+logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
+
+
 class Dim(str, Enum):
     """Dimension names."""
 
@@ -119,12 +123,13 @@ class DistributedInterface:
         if self._initialized:
             return
 
+        helper.set_device_index()
         self._is_distributed = helper.is_distributed()
         self._rank = helper.get_rank()
         self._world_size = helper.get_world_size()
         self._local_rank = helper.get_local_rank()
         self._local_world_size = helper.get_local_world_size()
-        self.current_accelerator = helper.get_current_accelerator()
+        self.current_device = helper.get_current_device()
         self.device_count = helper.get_device_count()
 
         if config is None:
@@ -140,15 +145,14 @@ class DistributedInterface:
             timeout = config.get("timeout", 18000)
 
         if self._is_distributed:
-            helper.set_device()
+            init_process_group(timeout=timedelta(seconds=timeout), backend=helper.get_process_group_backend())
-            init_process_group(timeout=timedelta(seconds=timeout))
             self.model_device_mesh = init_device_mesh(
-                device_type=self.current_accelerator.type,
+                device_type=self.current_device.type,
                 mesh_shape=self.strategy.model_mesh_shape,
                 mesh_dim_names=self.strategy.model_mesh_dim_names,
             )
             self.data_device_mesh = init_device_mesh(
-                device_type=self.current_accelerator.type,
+                device_type=self.current_device.type,
                 mesh_shape=self.strategy.data_mesh_shape,
                 mesh_dim_names=self.strategy.data_mesh_dim_names,
             )
@@ -157,11 +161,12 @@ class DistributedInterface:
             self.data_device_mesh = None
 
         self._initialized = True
+        logger.info_rank0(f"DistributedInterface initialized: {self}.")
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return (
             f"DistributedInterface(strategy={self.strategy}), is_distributed={self._is_distributed}, "
-            f"current_accelerator={self.current_accelerator}, rank={self._rank}, world_size={self._world_size}, "
+            f"current_device={self.current_device}, rank={self._rank}, world_size={self._world_size}, "
             f"model_device_mesh={self.model_device_mesh}, data_device_mesh={self.data_device_mesh}"
         )
 
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@ class DistributedInterface:
         """Get device mesh for specified dimension."""
         if dim is None:
             raise ValueError("dim must be specified.")
-        elif self.model_device_mesh is None:
+        elif not self._is_distributed:
             return None
         elif dim in self.strategy.data_mesh_dim_names:
             return self.data_device_mesh[dim.value]
@@ -178,14 +183,14 @@ class DistributedInterface:
 
     def get_group(self, dim: Dim | None = None) -> Optional[ProcessGroup]:
         """Get process group for specified dimension."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is None or dim is None:
+        if not self._is_distributed or dim is None:
             return None
         else:
             return self.get_device_mesh(dim).get_group()
 
     def get_rank(self, dim: Dim | None = None) -> int:
         """Get parallel rank for specified dimension."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is None:
+        if not self._is_distributed:
             return 0
         elif dim is None:
             return self._rank
@@ -194,7 +199,7 @@ class DistributedInterface:
 
     def get_world_size(self, dim: Dim | None = None) -> int:
         """Get parallel size for specified dimension."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is None:
+        if not self._is_distributed:
             return 1
         elif dim is None:
             return self._world_size
@@ -209,9 +214,9 @@ class DistributedInterface:
         """Get parallel local world size."""
         return self._local_world_size
 
-    def all_gather(self, data: Tensor, dim: Dim | None = Dim.DP) -> Tensor:
+    def all_gather(self, data: TensorLike, dim: Dim | None = Dim.DP) -> TensorLike:
         """Gather tensor across specified parallel group."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is not None:
+        if self._is_distributed:
             return helper.operate_tensorlike(helper.all_gather, data, group=self.get_group(dim))
         else:
             return data
@@ -220,30 +225,36 @@ class DistributedInterface:
         self, data: TensorLike, op: helper.ReduceOp = helper.ReduceOp.MEAN, dim: Dim | None = Dim.DP
     ) -> TensorLike:
         """Reduce tensor across specified parallel group."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is not None:
+        if self._is_distributed:
             return helper.operate_tensorlike(helper.all_reduce, data, op=op, group=self.get_group(dim))
         else:
             return data
 
     def broadcast(self, data: TensorLike, src: int = 0, dim: Dim | None = Dim.DP) -> TensorLike:
         """Broadcast tensor across specified parallel group."""
-        if self.model_device_mesh is not None:
+        if self._is_distributed:
             return helper.operate_tensorlike(helper.broadcast, data, src=src, group=self.get_group(dim))
         else:
             return data
 
     def sync(self) -> None:
         """Synchronize all processes."""
-        helper.synchronize()
+        if self._is_distributed:
+            helper.synchronize()
 
     def barrier(self) -> None:
         """Barrier all processes."""
-        barrier()
+        if self._is_distributed:
+            barrier()
 
     def destroy(self) -> None:
         """Destroy all processes."""
-        destroy_process_group()
+        if self._is_distributed:
+            destroy_process_group()
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    print(DistributedInterface(DistributedStrategy()))
+    """
+    python -m llamafactory.v1.accelerator.interface
+    """
+    print(DistributedInterface())

src/llamafactory/v1/config/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from .arg_parser import InputArgument, get_args
+from .arg_utils import BatchingStrategy, ModelClass, SampleBackend
+from .data_args import DataArguments
+from .model_args import ModelArguments
+from .sample_args import SampleArguments
+from .training_args import TrainingArguments
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "BatchingStrategy",
+    "DataArguments",
+    "InputArgument",
+    "ModelArguments",
+    "ModelClass",
+    "SampleArguments",
+    "SampleBackend",
+    "TrainingArguments",
+    "get_args",
+]

src/llamafactory/v1/config/arg_parser.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from typing import Any
 from omegaconf import OmegaConf
 from transformers import HfArgumentParser
 
-from ...extras.misc import is_env_enabled
+from ..utils.env import is_env_enabled
 from .data_args import DataArguments
 from .model_args import ModelArguments
 from .sample_args import SampleArguments
@@ -30,24 +30,9 @@ from .training_args import TrainingArguments
 InputArgument = dict[str, Any] | list[str] | None
 
 
-def validate_args(
+def get_args(args: InputArgument = None) -> tuple[ModelArguments, DataArguments, TrainingArguments, SampleArguments]:
-    data_args: DataArguments,
-    model_args: ModelArguments,
-    training_args: TrainingArguments,
-    sample_args: SampleArguments,
-):
-    """Validate arguments."""
-    if (
-        model_args.quant_config is not None
-        and training_args.dist_config is not None
-        and training_args.dist_config.name == "deepspeed"
-    ):
-        raise ValueError("Quantization is not supported with deepspeed backend.")
-
-
-def get_args(args: InputArgument = None) -> tuple[DataArguments, ModelArguments, TrainingArguments, SampleArguments]:
     """Parse arguments from command line or config file."""
-    parser = HfArgumentParser([DataArguments, ModelArguments, TrainingArguments, SampleArguments])
+    parser = HfArgumentParser([ModelArguments, DataArguments, TrainingArguments, SampleArguments])
     allow_extra_keys = is_env_enabled("ALLOW_EXTRA_KEYS")
 
     if args is None:
@@ -71,8 +56,6 @@ def get_args(args: InputArgument = None) -> tuple[DataArguments, ModelArguments,
             print(f"Got unknown args, potentially deprecated arguments: {unknown_args}")
             raise ValueError(f"Some specified arguments are not used by the HfArgumentParser: {unknown_args}")
 
-    validate_args(*parsed_args)
-
     return tuple(parsed_args)
 
 

src/llamafactory/v1/config/arg_utils.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 
 import json
-from enum import Enum, unique
+from enum import StrEnum, unique
 
 
 class PluginConfig(dict):
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ PluginArgument = PluginConfig | dict | str | None
 
 
 @unique
-class ModelClass(str, Enum):
+class ModelClass(StrEnum):
     """Auto class for model config."""
 
     LLM = "llm"
@@ -45,11 +45,19 @@ class ModelClass(str, Enum):
 
 
 @unique
-class SampleBackend(str, Enum):
+class SampleBackend(StrEnum):
     HF = "hf"
     VLLM = "vllm"
 
 
+@unique
+class BatchingStrategy(StrEnum):
+    NORMAL = "normal"
+    PADDING_FREE = "padding_free"
+    DYNAMIC_BATCHING = "dynamic_batching"
+    DYNAMIC_PADDING_FREE = "dynamic_padding_free"
+
+
 def _convert_str_dict(data: dict) -> dict:
     """Parse string representation inside the dictionary.
 

src/llamafactory/v1/config/data_args.py

@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 
 @dataclass
 class DataArguments:
-    dataset: str | None = field(
+    train_dataset: str | None = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Path to the dataset."},
+        metadata={"help": "Path to the training dataset."},
     )
-    cutoff_len: int = field(
+    eval_dataset: str | None = field(
-        default=2048,
+        default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Cutoff length for the dataset."},
+        metadata={"help": "Path to the evaluation dataset."},
     )

src/llamafactory/v1/config/model_args.py

@@ -21,20 +21,25 @@ from .arg_utils import ModelClass, PluginConfig, get_plugin_config
 @dataclass
 class ModelArguments:
     model: str = field(
+        default="Qwen/Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507",
         metadata={"help": "Path to the model or model identifier from Hugging Face."},
     )
+    template: str = field(
+        default="qwen3_nothink",
+        metadata={"help": "Template for the model."},
+    )
     trust_remote_code: bool = field(
         default=False,
         metadata={"help": "Trust remote code from Hugging Face."},
     )
-    use_fast_processor: bool = field(
-        default=True,
-        metadata={"help": "Use fast processor from Hugging Face."},
-    )
     model_class: ModelClass = field(
         default=ModelClass.LLM,
         metadata={"help": "Model class from Hugging Face."},
     )
+    init_config: PluginConfig | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Initialization configuration for the model."},
+    )
     peft_config: PluginConfig | None = field(
         default=None,
         metadata={"help": "PEFT configuration for the model."},
@@ -49,6 +54,7 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        self.init_config = get_plugin_config(self.init_config)
         self.peft_config = get_plugin_config(self.peft_config)
         self.kernel_config = get_plugin_config(self.kernel_config)
         self.quant_config = get_plugin_config(self.quant_config)

src/llamafactory/v1/config/training_args.py

@@ -16,35 +16,73 @@ import os
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from uuid import uuid4
 
-from .arg_utils import PluginConfig, get_plugin_config
+from .arg_utils import BatchingStrategy, PluginConfig, get_plugin_config
 
 
 @dataclass
 class TrainingArguments:
     output_dir: str = field(
-        default=os.path.join("outputs", str(uuid4())),
+        default=os.path.join("outputs", str(uuid4().hex)),
         metadata={"help": "Path to the output directory."},
     )
     micro_batch_size: int = field(
         default=1,
         metadata={"help": "Micro batch size for training."},
     )
-    global_batch_size: int = field(
+    global_batch_size: int | None = field(
-        default=1,
+        default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Global batch size for training."},
+        metadata={"help": "Global batch size for training, default to DP size * micro batch size."},
+    )
+    cutoff_len: int = field(
+        default=2048,
+        metadata={"help": "Maximum sequence length for training."},
     )
     learning_rate: float = field(
         default=1e-4,
         metadata={"help": "Learning rate for training."},
     )
+    num_train_epochs: int = field(
+        default=3,
+        metadata={"help": "Number of training epochs."},
+    )
+    max_steps: int | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Maximum number of training steps. If set, overrides num_train_epochs."},
+    )
+    max_grad_norm: float = field(
+        default=1.0,
+        metadata={"help": "Maximum gradient norm for training."},
+    )
     bf16: bool = field(
         default=False,
         metadata={"help": "Use bf16 for training."},
     )
+    batching_strategy: BatchingStrategy = field(
+        default=BatchingStrategy.NORMAL,
+        metadata={"help": "Batching strategy for training."},
+    )
+    batching_workers: int = field(
+        default=16,
+        metadata={"help": "Number of workers for batching."},
+    )
+    enable_activation_checkpointing: bool = field(
+        default=True,
+        metadata={"help": "Enable activation checkpointing for training."},
+    )
     dist_config: PluginConfig | None = field(
         default=None,
         metadata={"help": "Distribution configuration for training."},
     )
+    optim_config: PluginConfig | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Optimizer configuration for training."},
+    )
+    lr_scheduler_config: PluginConfig | None = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Learning rate scheduler configuration for training."},
+    )
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
         self.dist_config = get_plugin_config(self.dist_config)
+        self.optim_config = get_plugin_config(self.optim_config)
+        self.lr_scheduler_config = get_plugin_config(self.lr_scheduler_config)

src/llamafactory/v1/core/base_sampler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+
+from ..config import ModelArguments, SampleArguments, SampleBackend
+from ..utils.types import HFModel, Message, Sample, TorchDataset
+from .utils.inference_engine import HuggingFaceEngine
+from .utils.rendering import Renderer
+
+
+class BaseSampler:
+    """Base sampler.
+
+    Args:
+        args: Sample arguments.
+        model_args: Model arguments.
+        model: Model.
+        renderer: Renderer.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        args: SampleArguments,
+        model_args: ModelArguments,
+        model: HFModel,
+        renderer: Renderer,
+    ) -> None:
+        if args.sample_backend == SampleBackend.HF:
+            self.engine = HuggingFaceEngine(args, model_args, model, renderer)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown sample backend: {args.sample_backend}")
+
+    async def generate(self, messages: list[Message], tools: str | None = None) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
+        """Generate tokens asynchronously.
+
+        Args:
+            messages: List of messages.
+            tools: Tools string.
+
+        Yields:
+            Generated tokens.
+        """
+        async for token in self.engine.generate(messages, tools):
+            yield token
+
+    async def batch_infer(self, dataset: TorchDataset) -> list[Sample]:
+        """Batch infer samples.
+
+        Args:
+            dataset: Torch dataset.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of samples.
+        """
+        return await self.engine.batch_infer(dataset)

src/llamafactory/v1/core/base_trainer.py

@@ -16,20 +16,33 @@
 
 Init Phase:
 
-1. Init dataloader.
+1. Init batch generator.
 2. Init optimizer (deepspeed).
 3. Shard model.
 4. Init optimizer (fsdp).
-5. Init scheduler.
+5. Init lr scheduler.
 
 Train Phase:
 1. Train Loop
 
 """
 
-from ..config.training_args import TrainingArguments
+from abc import abstractmethod
-from ..utils.types import HFModel, Processor, TorchDataset
+
-from .trainer_utils.data_collator import DataCollator
+import torch
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+
+from ..accelerator.helper import ReduceOp
+from ..accelerator.interface import Dim, DistributedInterface
+from ..config import TrainingArguments
+from ..utils import logging
+from ..utils.helper import compute_valid_tokens
+from ..utils.types import BatchInput, HFModel, ModelOutput, Tensor, TorchDataset
+from .utils.batching import BatchGenerator
+from .utils.rendering import Renderer
+
+
+logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 class BaseTrainer:
@@ -37,22 +50,160 @@ class BaseTrainer:
         self,
         args: TrainingArguments,
         model: HFModel,
-        processor: Processor,
+        renderer: Renderer,
-        dataset: TorchDataset,
+        train_dataset: TorchDataset,
     ) -> None:
         self.args = args
         self.model = model
-        self.processor = processor
+        self.renderer = renderer
-        self.dataset = dataset
+        self.train_dataset = train_dataset
-        self.data_collator = DataCollator()
-        self.optimizer = None
-        self.lr_scheduler = None
 
-    def init_model_and_optimizer(self) -> None:
+        # info
-        pass
+        self.global_step = 0
 
-    def create_dataloader(self) -> None:
+        # cached variables
-        pass
+        self.device = DistributedInterface().current_device
+        self.dp_size = DistributedInterface().get_world_size(Dim.DP)
+        self.model_input_names = self.renderer.processor.model_input_names
+
+        self._create_batch_generator()
+        # Calculate num_training_steps: max_steps takes priority if set
+        if self.args.max_steps is not None and self.args.max_steps > 0:
+            self.num_training_steps = self.args.max_steps
+        else:
+            self.num_training_steps = self.args.num_train_epochs * len(self.train_batch_generator)
+
+        if self.args.enable_activation_checkpointing:
+            self.model.gradient_checkpointing_enable({"use_reentrant": False})
+
+        if self.args.dist_config is not None:
+            shard_need_optimizer = self.args.dist_config.name == "deepspeed"
+        else:
+            shard_need_optimizer = False
+
+        if shard_need_optimizer:
+            self._init_optimizer()
+            self._shard_model()
+        else:
+            self._shard_model()
+            self._init_optimizer()
+
+        self._init_lr_scheduler()
+
+    def _create_batch_generator(self) -> None:
+        self.train_batch_generator = BatchGenerator(
+            dataset=self.train_dataset,
+            renderer=self.renderer,
+            micro_batch_size=self.args.micro_batch_size,
+            global_batch_size=self.args.global_batch_size,
+            cutoff_len=self.args.cutoff_len,
+            batching_workers=self.args.batching_workers,
+            batching_strategy=self.args.batching_strategy,
+        )
+
+    def _shard_model(self) -> None:
+        if self.args.dist_config is None:
+            if DistributedInterface().get_world_size(Dim.DP) > 1:
+                from torch.nn.parallel import DistributedDataParallel as DDP
+
+                logger.warning_rank0(
+                    "dist_config is None but distributed training is enabled; falling back to DistributedDataParallel."
+                )
+                device_ids = None if self.device.type == "cpu" else [self.device.index]
+                self.model = DDP(self.model, device_ids=device_ids)
+        else:
+            from ..plugins.trainer_plugins.distributed.hub import DistributedPlugin
+
+            self.model = DistributedPlugin(self.args.dist_config.name)(
+                self.model,
+                self.args.dist_config,
+            )
+
+    def _init_optimizer(self) -> None:
+        """Init optimizer."""
+        if self.args.optim_config is None:
+            _trainable_params = [p for p in self.model.parameters() if p.requires_grad]
+            self.optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(_trainable_params, lr=self.args.learning_rate)
+        else:
+            from ..plugins.trainer_plugins.optimizer import OptimizerPlugin
+
+            self.optimizer = OptimizerPlugin(self.args.optim_config.name)(self.model, self.args.optim_config)
+
+    def _init_lr_scheduler(self) -> None:
+        """Init lr scheduler."""
+        if self.args.lr_scheduler_config is None:
+            self.lr_scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LambdaLR(self.optimizer, lr_lambda=lambda x: 1.0)
+        else:
+            from ..plugins.trainer_plugins.lr_scheduler import LRSchedulerPlugin
+
+            self.lr_scheduler = LRSchedulerPlugin(self.args.lr_scheduler_config.name)(
+                self.optimizer, self.num_training_steps, self.args.lr_scheduler_config
+            )
+
+    def compute_log_probs(self, model: HFModel, batch: BatchInput) -> Tensor:
+        """Compute log probs.
+
+        log_probs: Tensor of shape (batch_size, seq_len - 1)
+        """
+        batch_size, _ = batch["labels"].shape
+        model_inputs = {
+            k: v.to(self.device, non_blocking=True) for k, v in batch.items() if k in self.model_input_names
+        }
+        labels = batch["labels"].to(self.device, non_blocking=True)
+        outputs: ModelOutput = model(**model_inputs)
+        logits = outputs.logits.float()
+        shift_labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous().view(-1)
+        shift_logits = logits[..., :-1, :].contiguous().view(shift_labels.size(0), -1)
+        return -F.cross_entropy(shift_logits, shift_labels, reduction="none").view(batch_size, -1)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def compute_loss(self, batch: BatchInput) -> Tensor:
+        """Compute the scalar loss."""
+        ...
 
     def fit(self) -> None:
-        pass
+        """Train the model."""
+        self.model.train()
+        for epoch in range(self.args.num_train_epochs):
+            self.train_batch_generator.set_epoch(epoch)
+            for micro_batches in self.train_batch_generator:
+                self.global_step += 1
+                step_loss = 0
+                step_valid_tokens = compute_valid_tokens(micro_batches)
+                step_valid_tokens = DistributedInterface().all_reduce(step_valid_tokens, op=ReduceOp.SUM)
+                for micro_batch in micro_batches:
+                    loss = self.compute_loss(micro_batch)
+                    mini_step_valid_tokens = compute_valid_tokens([micro_batch])
+                    # fsdp uses mean reduction so we need to scale the loss by dp_size
+                    loss = loss * mini_step_valid_tokens * self.dp_size / (step_valid_tokens + 1e-6)
+
+                    loss.backward()
+                    step_loss += loss.item()
+
+                grad_norm = torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(self.model.parameters(), self.args.max_grad_norm).item()
+
+                # isfinite(): argument 'input' (position 1) must be Tensor, not float
+                if not torch.isfinite(torch.tensor(grad_norm)):  # type: ignore # pyright: ignore [reportUnknownReturnType]
+                    logger.warning_rank0(f"Gradient norm is not finite: {grad_norm}")
+                else:
+                    self.optimizer.step()
+
+                self.lr_scheduler.step()
+                self.optimizer.zero_grad()
+
+                step_loss, grad_norm = DistributedInterface().all_reduce([step_loss, grad_norm])
+                DistributedInterface().sync()
+                if DistributedInterface().get_rank() == 0:
+                    print(f"Epoch {epoch}, Step {self.global_step}, Loss: {step_loss:.4f}, Grad Norm: {grad_norm:.4f}")
+
+                # Check if max_steps is reached
+                if self.global_step >= self.num_training_steps:
+                    logger.info_rank0(f"Reached max_steps ({self.num_training_steps}), stopping training.")
+                    return
+
+    def save_model(self) -> None:
+        """Save the model."""
+        model_to_save = self.model.module if hasattr(self.model, "module") else self.model
+        model_to_save.save_pretrained(self.args.output_dir)
+        self.renderer.processor.save_pretrained(self.args.output_dir)
+        logger.info_rank0(f"Model saved to {self.args.output_dir}")

src/llamafactory/v1/core/chat_sampler.py

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-
-from ..config.sample_args import SampleArguments, SampleBackend
-from .model_loader import ModelLoader
-
-
-class BaseEngine(ABC):
-    @abstractmethod
-    def __init__(self, sample_args: SampleArguments, model_loader: ModelLoader) -> None: ...
-
-    @abstractmethod
-    async def generate(self):
-        pass
-
-    @abstractmethod
-    async def batch_infer(self):
-        pass
-
-
-class HuggingFaceEngine(BaseEngine):
-    def __init__(self, model_loader: ModelLoader, sample_args: SampleArguments) -> None:
-        self.args = sample_args
-
-
-class ChatSampler:
-    def __init__(self, model_loader: ModelLoader, sample_args: SampleArguments) -> None:
-        if sample_args.sample_backend == SampleBackend.HF:
-            self.engine = HuggingFaceEngine(model_loader, sample_args)
-        else:
-            raise ValueError(f"Unknown sample backend: {sample_args.sample_backend}")

src/llamafactory/v1/core/data_engine.py

@@ -14,15 +14,23 @@
 
 """The definition of data engine.
 
-Init Data engine:
+How to use:
+data_engine = DataEngine(data_args.train_dataset)
+data_engine[i]: Get the sample via index.
+
+Init workflow:
 1. Parse dataset info from arguments.
 2. Load datasets according to dataset info.
 3. Build data index (and reweight samples if necessary).
 
-Get Data Sample:
+Get data sample:
 1. Get sample from data index.
 2. Convert sample to standard format.
 3. Return sample.
+
+Note:
+1. The data engine is equivalent to the torch dataset.
+2. The data engine is agnostic to the model used.
 """
 
 import os
@@ -33,7 +41,6 @@ from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
 from omegaconf import OmegaConf
 from torch.utils.data import Dataset
 
-from ..config.data_args import DataArguments
 from ..utils.types import DatasetInfo, HFDataset, Sample
 
 
@@ -44,9 +51,9 @@ class DataEngine(Dataset):
         data_args: Data arguments.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, data_args: DataArguments) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, dataset_path: str) -> None:
-        self.args = data_args
+        self.path = dataset_path
-        """Data arguments."""
+        """Dataset path."""
         self.datasets: dict[str, HFDataset] = {}
         """Dict of (dataset_name, dataset)"""
         self.dataset_infos: dict[str, DatasetInfo] = {}
@@ -61,27 +68,30 @@ class DataEngine(Dataset):
 
     def _get_dataset_info(self) -> None:
         """Get dataset info from data arguments."""
-        if self.args.dataset.endswith(".yaml") and os.path.isfile(self.args.dataset):  # local file
+        if self.path.endswith(".yaml") and os.path.isfile(self.path):  # local file
-            self.dataset_infos = OmegaConf.load(self.args.dataset)
+            self.dataset_infos = OmegaConf.load(self.path)
-        elif self.args.dataset.endswith(".yaml"):  # hf hub uri, e.g. llamafactory/v1-sft-demo/dataset_info.yaml
+        elif self.path.endswith(".yaml"):  # hf hub uri, e.g. llamafactory/v1-sft-demo/dataset_info.yaml
-            repo_id, filename = os.path.split(self.args.dataset)
+            repo_id, filename = os.path.split(self.path)
             filepath = hf_hub_download(repo_id=repo_id, filename=filename, repo_type="dataset")
             self.dataset_infos = OmegaConf.load(filepath)
-        elif os.path.exists(self.args.dataset):  # local file(s)
+        elif os.path.exists(self.path):  # local file(s)
-            self.dataset_infos = {"default": {"path": self.args.dataset, "source": "local"}}
+            self.dataset_infos = {"default": {"path": self.path, "source": "local"}}
         else:  # hf hub dataset, e.g. llamafactory/v1-sft-demo
-            self.dataset_infos = {"default": {"path": self.args.dataset}}
+            self.dataset_infos = {"default": {"path": self.path}}
 
     def _load_dataset(self) -> None:
         """Load datasets according to dataset info."""
+        is_streaming = [dataset_info.get("streaming", False) for dataset_info in self.dataset_infos.values()]
+        self.streaming = any(is_streaming)
+        if all(is_streaming) != any(is_streaming):
+            raise ValueError("All datasets must be streaming or non-streaming.")
+
         for dataset_name, dataset_info in self.dataset_infos.items():
             split = dataset_info.get("split", "train")
-            streaming = dataset_info.get("streaming", False)
-            self.streaming |= streaming
             if dataset_info.get("source", "hf_hub") == "hf_hub":
                 from datasets import load_dataset
 
-                self.datasets[dataset_name] = load_dataset(dataset_info["path"], split=split, streaming=streaming)
+                self.datasets[dataset_name] = load_dataset(dataset_info["path"], split=split, streaming=self.streaming)
             else:  # data loader plugin
                 from ..plugins.data_plugins.loader import DataLoaderPlugin
 
@@ -90,18 +100,17 @@ class DataEngine(Dataset):
     def _build_data_index(self) -> None:
         """Build dataset index."""
         for dataset_name, dataset in self.datasets.items():
-            streaming = self.dataset_infos[dataset_name].get("streaming", False)
+            if self.streaming:
-            if streaming:
                 data_index = [(dataset_name, -1) for _ in range(1000)]
             else:
                 data_index = [(dataset_name, sample_index) for sample_index in range(len(dataset))]
 
             size = self.dataset_infos[dataset_name].get("size")
             weight = self.dataset_infos[dataset_name].get("weight")
-            if size or weight:  # data index plugin
+            if size or weight:
-                from ..plugins.data_plugins.loader import DataIndexPlugin
+                from ..plugins.data_plugins.loader import adjust_data_index
 
-                data_index = DataIndexPlugin().adjust_data_index(data_index, size, weight)
+                data_index = adjust_data_index(data_index, size, weight)
 
             self.data_index.extend(data_index)
 
@@ -150,9 +159,9 @@ class DataEngine(Dataset):
             dataset_name, sample_index = self.data_index[index]
             return self._convert_data_sample(self.datasets[dataset_name][sample_index], dataset_name)
         else:  # data selector plugin
-            from ..plugins.data_plugins.loader import DataSelectorPlugin
+            from ..plugins.data_plugins.loader import select_data_sample
 
-            selected_index = DataSelectorPlugin().select(self.data_index, index)
+            selected_index = select_data_sample(self.data_index, index)
             if isinstance(selected_index, list):
                 return [
                     self._convert_data_sample(self.datasets[dataset_name][sample_index], dataset_name)
@@ -177,11 +186,11 @@ class DataEngine(Dataset):
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     """
-    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.data_engine --model none --dataset data/v1_sft_demo.yaml
+    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.data_engine --train_dataset data/v1_sft_demo.yaml
-    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.data_engine --model none --dataset data/v1_dpo_demo.yaml
+    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.data_engine --train_dataset data/v1_dpo_demo.yaml
     """
     from ..config.arg_parser import get_args
 
-    data_args, *_ = get_args()
+    _, data_args, *_ = get_args()
-    data_engine = DataEngine(data_args=data_args)
+    data_engine = DataEngine(data_args.train_dataset)
     print(data_engine[0])

src/llamafactory/v1/core/model_engine.py

@@ -12,34 +12,44 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-"""The definition of model loader.
+"""The definition of model engine.
 
-Init Phase:
+How to use:
+model_engine = ModelEngine(model_args, is_train=True)
+model_engine.processor: Get the tokenizer or multi-modal processor.
+model_engine.renderer: Get the renderer.
+model_engine.model_config: Get the model configuration.
+model_engine.model: Get the HF model.
+
+Init workflow:
 1. Init processor.
+2. Init render.
 2. Init model config.
 3. Init model.
 4. Init adapter.
-
 """
 
 import torch
+from accelerate import init_empty_weights
 from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoProcessor
 
+from ..accelerator.helper import DeviceType
 from ..accelerator.interface import DistributedInterface
 from ..config.model_args import ModelArguments, ModelClass
 from ..utils import logging
 from ..utils.types import HFConfig, HFModel, Processor
+from .utils.rendering import Renderer
 
 
 logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
 
 
-class ModelLoader:
+class ModelEngine:
-    """Model loader.
+    """Model engine.
 
     Args:
         model_args: Model arguments.
-        is_trainable: Whether to train the model.
+        is_train: Whether to train the model.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, model_args: ModelArguments, is_train: bool = False) -> None:
@@ -49,17 +59,22 @@ class ModelLoader:
         """Whether to train the model."""
         self.processor = self._init_processor()
         """Tokenizer or multi-modal processor."""
+        self.renderer = Renderer(self.args.template, self.processor)
+        """Renderer."""
         self.model_config = self._init_model_config()
         """Model configuration."""
         self.model = self._init_model()
         """HF model."""
 
     def _init_processor(self) -> Processor:
-        """Init processor."""
+        """Init processor.
+
+        NOTE: Transformers v5 always use fast tokenizer.
+        https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.0.0rc1/src/transformers/models/auto/tokenization_auto.py#L642
+        """
         return AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(
             self.args.model,
             trust_remote_code=self.args.trust_remote_code,
-            use_fast=self.args.use_fast_processor,
         )
 
     def _init_model_config(self) -> HFConfig:
@@ -72,7 +87,7 @@ class ModelLoader:
     def _init_model(self) -> HFModel:
         """Init model.
 
-        Let transformers handle the model init context.
+        Transformers can choose the proper model init context.
         https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.0.0rc0/src/transformers/modeling_utils.py#L3538
         """
         if self.args.model_class == ModelClass.LLM:
@@ -92,14 +107,24 @@ class ModelLoader:
 
             AutoClass = AutoModel
 
-        # map the entire model to the current accelerator
+        if self.args.init_config is not None:
-        model = AutoClass.from_pretrained(
+            from ..plugins.model_plugins.initialization import InitPlugin
-            self.args.model,
+
-            config=self.model_config,
+            init_device = InitPlugin(self.args.init_config.name)()
-            dtype="auto",
+        else:
-            device_map=DistributedInterface().current_accelerator,
+            init_device = DistributedInterface().current_device
-            trust_remote_code=self.args.trust_remote_code,
+
-        )
+        if init_device.type == DeviceType.META:
+            with init_empty_weights():
+                model = AutoClass.from_config(self.model_config)
+        else:
+            model = AutoClass.from_pretrained(
+                self.args.model,
+                config=self.model_config,
+                dtype="auto",
+                device_map=init_device,
+                trust_remote_code=self.args.trust_remote_code,
+            )
 
         if self.args.peft_config is None:
             if self.is_train:
@@ -116,7 +141,7 @@ class ModelLoader:
             from ..plugins.model_plugins.kernels.interface import KernelPlugin
 
             model = KernelPlugin(self.args.kernel_config.name)(
-                model=model, include_kernels=self.args.kernel_config.get("include_kernels")
+                model, include_kernels=self.args.kernel_config.get("include_kernels")
             )
 
         return model
@@ -124,12 +149,12 @@ class ModelLoader:
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     """
-    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.model_loader --model llamafactory/tiny-random-qwen2.5
+    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.model_engine --model llamafactory/tiny-random-qwen2.5
     """
     from ..config.arg_parser import get_args
 
-    _, model_args, *_ = get_args()
+    model_args, *_ = get_args()
-    model_loader = ModelLoader(model_args=model_args)
+    model_engine = ModelEngine(model_args=model_args)
-    print(model_loader.processor)
+    print(model_engine.processor)
-    print(model_loader.model_config)
+    print(model_engine.model_config)
-    print(model_loader.model)
+    print(model_engine.model)

src/llamafactory/v1/core/trainer_utils/data_collator.py

@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Sequence
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Any
-
-import torch
-import torch.nn.functional as F
-from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
-from torch.utils.data._utils.collate import default_collate
-
-from ....extras.constants import IGNORE_INDEX
-from ...plugins.data_plugins.template import Template
-from ...utils.types import Processor, Tensor
-
-
-def len2culen(seqlens: "torch.Tensor") -> "torch.Tensor":  # FIXME move to utils
-    """Convert sequence lengths to cumulative sequence lengths."""
-    return F.pad(torch.cumsum(seqlens, dim=0), (1, 0)).type(torch.int32)
-
-
-class DataCollator:
-    """Default Data collator."""
-
-    processor: "Processor"  # processor name -> map to encode_messages function
-
-    def __post_init__(self):
-        # callback for text tokenizer
-        self.tokenizer = self.processor.tokenizer if hasattr(self.processor, "tokenizer") else self.processor
-
-    def __call__(self, features: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> dict[str, Tensor]:
-        """Collate features into a batch."""
-        batch = defaultdict(list)
-
-        # batching features
-        for feature in features:
-            for key in feature.keys():
-                batch[key].append(feature[key])
-
-        for key in batch.keys():
-            # process padding features
-            if key in ["input_ids", "attention_mask", "position_ids"]:
-                padding_value = self.tokenizer.pad_token_id if key == "input_ids" else 0
-                batch[key] = pad_sequence(batch[key], batch_first=True, padding_value=padding_value)
-            elif key in ["labels"]:
-                batch[key] = pad_sequence(batch[key], batch_first=True, padding_value=IGNORE_INDEX)
-            else:
-                batch[key] = default_collate(batch[key])
-
-        return batch
-        # sft: messages
-        # dpo: chosen_messages, rejected_messages
-
-
-@dataclass
-class DefaultCollator(DataCollator):
-    """Example for now."""
-
-    processor: "Processor"  # processor name -> map to encode_messages function
-    template: "Template"
-
-    def __call__(self, messages: list[list[dict[str, Any]]]) -> dict[str, Tensor]:
-        features = []
-
-        # Check if data is already tokenized (contains input_ids)
-        if messages and isinstance(messages[0], dict) and "input_ids" in messages[0]:
-            for feature in messages:
-                if not isinstance(feature, dict):
-                    raise ValueError(f"Expected dict but got {type(feature)}")
-                tensor_feature = {
-                    k: torch.tensor(v, dtype=torch.long) if not isinstance(v, torch.Tensor) else v
-                    for k, v in feature.items()
-                }
-                features.append(tensor_feature)
-        else:
-            # raw messages need to be encoded
-            for message in messages:
-                encoded_message = self.template.encode_messages(self.tokenizer, message)
-                encoded_message = {k: torch.tensor(v, dtype=torch.long) for k, v in encoded_message.items()}
-                features.append(encoded_message)
-
-        return super().__call__(features)
-
-
-@dataclass
-class PairwiseCollator(DataCollator):
-    pass
-
-
-@dataclass
-class DataCollatorWithPacking(DefaultCollator):
-    """Data collator with packing."""
-
-    processor: "Processor"
-    template: "Template"
-
-    def __call__(self, features: Sequence[dict[str, "torch.Tensor"]]) -> dict[str, "torch.Tensor"]:
-        seqlens = torch.tensor([len(feature["input_ids"]) for feature in features], dtype=torch.long)
-        batch = {"cu_seqlens": len2culen(seqlens)}
-        for input_name in features[0].keys():
-            if input_name in ("input_ids", "attention_mask", "labels"):
-                batch[input_name] = torch.cat([feature[input_name] for feature in features])
-            else:
-                batch[input_name] = default_collate([feature[input_name] for feature in features])
-
-        return batch

src/llamafactory/v1/core/trainer_utils/data_loader.py

@@ -1,277 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-
-import copy
-import sys
-from collections.abc import Generator, Iterator
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Optional
-
-from torchdata.stateful_dataloader import StatefulDataLoader
-from torchdata.stateful_dataloader.sampler import StatefulDistributedSampler
-
-from ...utils.batching_queue import BaseBatchingQueue
-from ...utils.logging import get_logger
-from ...utils.types import Processor, TorchDataset
-from .data_collator import DataCollator
-
-
-logger = get_logger(__name__)
-
-
-# base dataloader
-class DistributedDataloader(StatefulDataLoader):
-    """Base Distributed DataLoader."""
-
-    dataset: "TorchDataset"
-    sampler: "StatefulDistributedSampler"
-
-    def set_epoch(self, epoch: int) -> None:
-        if self.sampler is not None and hasattr(self.sampler, "set_epoch"):
-            self.sampler.set_epoch(epoch)
-        elif hasattr(self.dataset, "set_epoch"):
-            self.dataset.set_epoch(epoch)
-
-
-@dataclass
-class BaseDataLoader:
-    """Default DataLoader."""
-
-    processor: Processor
-
-    def __init__(self, dataset: TorchDataset) -> None:
-        self.dataset = dataset
-        # guidlines: fetch until get fixed batchsize.
-        # save state_dict for buffer.
-        # resume with state
-
-        # 1. Init stateful dataloader (tokenize)
-        # 2. Add to buffer (2 * max seq len per device)
-        # 3. Yield batch indexes (micro batch * grad acc)
-        #    a ) non pack + non dynamic
-        #    b ) non pack + dynamic
-        #    c ) pack + non dynamic
-        #    d ) pack + dynamic
-
-    def init_dataloader(self) -> None:
-        ### init dataloader
-        pass
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
-        pass
-
-    def __next__(self) -> any:
-        pass
-
-
-@dataclass
-class DataLoader:
-    """Default DataLoader."""
-
-    processor: "Processor"
-    dataloader: "DistributedDataloader"
-    batching_queue: "BaseBatchingQueue"
-    collate_fn: "DataCollator"
-    num_micro_batch: int = 1
-    length: int = 0
-    drop_last: bool = True
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        dataloader: any,
-        collate_fn: "DataCollator",
-        num_micro_batch: int = 1,
-        length: int = 0,
-        drop_last: bool = True,
-        batching_queue: Optional["BaseBatchingQueue"] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        self.batching_queue = batching_queue
-        self.num_micro_batch = num_micro_batch
-        self.step = 0
-        self._collate_fn = collate_fn
-        self._dataloader = dataloader
-        self._drop_last = drop_last
-        self._data_iter: Iterator
-        self._resume = False
-        self._batch_data_iter: Generator
-
-        if length > 0:
-            self._length = length
-        elif length == -1:
-            self._length = sys.maxsize
-        else:
-            self._length = len(self._dataloader)
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return self._length
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
-        if not self._resume:
-            self.step = 0
-            self._data_iter = iter(self._dataloader)
-            self._batch_data_iter = self.batch_data_generator()
-        self._resume = False
-        return self
-
-    def __next__(self):
-        return next(self._batch_data_iter)  # FIXME maybe we can move origin_batch_data_generator to here
-
-    def origin_batch_data_generator(self):
-        """Standard pass-through generator if do not use batching queue."""
-        while True:
-            if self._length > 0 and self.step >= self._length:
-                return
-
-            try:
-                batch = []
-                data = next(self._data_iter)
-                # split data into micro batches
-                for i in range(0, len(data), self.num_micro_batch):
-                    micro_batch = data[i : i + self.num_micro_batch]
-                    if self._collate_fn:
-                        micro_batch = self._collate_fn(micro_batch)
-                    batch.append(micro_batch)
-                yield batch
-                self.step += 1
-            except StopIteration:
-                if self.step < self._length:
-                    # Restart iterator to fill the requested length
-                    self._data_iter = iter(self._dataloader)
-                    try:
-                        batch = []
-                        data = next(self._data_iter)
-                        for i in range(0, len(data), self.num_micro_batch):
-                            micro_batch = data[i : i + self.num_micro_batch]
-                            if self._collate_fn:
-                                micro_batch = self._collate_fn(micro_batch)
-                            batch.append(micro_batch)
-                        yield batch
-                        self.step += 1
-                    except StopIteration:
-                        return
-                else:
-                    return
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"DataLoader origin_batch_data_generator exception: {e}")
-                raise
-
-    def batch_data_generator(self):
-        if self.batching_queue is None:
-            yield from self.origin_batch_data_generator()
-            return
-
-        batch = []
-
-        while True:
-            if self._length and self.step >= self._length:
-                return
-
-            if self.batching_queue.is_full_filled():
-                micro_batch = self.batching_queue.get_micro_batch(self.step)
-                if self._collate_fn:
-                    micro_batch = self._collate_fn(micro_batch)
-                batch.append(micro_batch)
-                if len(batch) == self.num_micro_batch:
-                    yield batch
-                    self.step += 1
-                    batch = []
-
-            try:
-                processing_item = next(self._data_iter)
-            except Exception as e:
-                if isinstance(e, StopIteration):
-                    if self.step < self._length:
-                        # call iter until reach length
-                        self._data_iter = iter(self._dataloader)
-                        processing_item = next(self._data_iter)
-                    elif not self._drop_last and not self.batching_queue.empty():
-                        while not self.batching_queue.empty():
-                            micro_batch = self.batching_queue.get_micro_batch(self.step)
-                            if self._collate_fn:
-                                micro_batch = self._collate_fn(micro_batch)
-                            batch.append(micro_batch)
-                            if len(batch) == self.num_micro_batch:
-                                yield batch
-                                self.step += 1
-                                batch = []
-
-                        while len(batch) < self.num_micro_batch:
-                            padding_batch = copy.deepcopy(micro_batch)
-                            padding_batch["is_padded"] = True
-                            batch.append(padding_batch)
-                        yield batch
-                        self.step += 1
-                        return
-                    else:
-                        return
-                else:
-                    logger.error(f"DataLoader iter data exception: {e}")
-                    raise
-
-            # put processing_item to buffer
-            if isinstance(processing_item, dict):
-                processing_item = [processing_item]
-
-            for item in processing_item:
-                self.batching_queue.put_item(item)
-
-    def state_dict(self):
-        # save state
-        state = self.__dict__.copy()
-        # remove internal fields
-        for k in list(state.keys()):
-            if k.startswith("_"):
-                del state[k]
-
-        # save dataloader state
-        if hasattr(self._dataloader, "state_dict"):
-            state["dataloader_state"] = self._dataloader.state_dict()
-        elif hasattr(self._dataloader, "__getstate__"):
-            state["dataloader_state"] = self._dataloader.__getstate__()
-
-        batching_strategy = getattr(self, "batching_strategy", None)
-        if batching_strategy and hasattr(batching_strategy, "state_dict"):
-            state["batching_strategy_state"] = batching_strategy.state_dict()
-            if "batching_strategy" in state:
-                del state["batching_strategy"]
-
-        return copy.deepcopy(state)
-
-    def load_state_dict(self, state: dict[str, any]):
-        if state["num_micro_batch"] != self.num_micro_batch:
-            logger.warning(
-                f"num_micro_batch changed: [ {state['num_micro_batch']} -> {self.num_micro_batch} ], will clear prefetch buffer"
-            )
-            del state["num_micro_batch"]
-        self.__dict__.update(state)
-        self._resume = True
-
-        if hasattr(self._dataloader, "load_state_dict"):
-            self._dataloader.load_state_dict(state["dataloader_state"])
-        elif hasattr(self._dataloader, "__getstate__"):
-            self._dataloader.__setstate__(state["dataloader_state"])
-
-        if "batching_strategy_state" in state:
-            batching_strategy = getattr(self, "batching_strategy", None)
-            if batching_strategy:
-                batching_strategy.load_state_dict(state["batching_strategy_state"])
-            del state["batching_strategy_state"]
-
-        self._data_iter = iter(self._dataloader)
-        self._batch_data_iter = self.batch_data_generator()
-
-    def set_epoch(self, epoch: int) -> None:
-        if hasattr(self._dataloader, "set_epoch"):
-            self._dataloader.set_epoch(epoch)

src/llamafactory/v1/core/utils/batching.py

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Batching utils supports stateful dataloader.
+
+1. Init stateful dataloader (tokenize)
+2. Add to buffer
+3. Yield batch indexes (micro batch * grad acc)
+    a) non pack + non dynamic
+    b) non pack + dynamic
+    c) pack + non dynamic
+    d) pack + dynamic
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import Any
+
+from torch.utils.data import default_collate
+from torchdata.stateful_dataloader import StatefulDataLoader
+from torchdata.stateful_dataloader.sampler import StatefulDistributedSampler
+
+from ...accelerator.interface import Dim, DistributedInterface
+from ...config import BatchingStrategy
+from ...utils import logging
+from ...utils.helper import pad_and_truncate
+from ...utils.objects import StatefulBuffer
+from ...utils.types import BatchInfo, BatchInput, ModelInput, TorchDataset
+from .rendering import Renderer
+
+
+logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def default_collate_fn(buffer: StatefulBuffer, batch_info: BatchInfo) -> list[BatchInput] | None:
+    micro_batch_size = batch_info["micro_batch_size"]
+    num_micro_batch = batch_info["num_micro_batch"]
+    cutoff_len = batch_info["cutoff_len"]
+    batch_size = micro_batch_size * num_micro_batch
+    if len(buffer) < batch_size:
+        return None
+
+    samples = buffer.get(batch_size)
+    batch = []
+    for i in range(num_micro_batch):
+        micro_batch = samples[i * micro_batch_size : (i + 1) * micro_batch_size]
+        batch.append(default_collate(pad_and_truncate(micro_batch, cutoff_len)))
+
+    return batch
+
+
+class BatchGenerator(Iterator):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dataset: TorchDataset,
+        renderer: Renderer,
+        micro_batch_size: int = 1,
+        global_batch_size: int | None = None,
+        cutoff_len: int = 2048,
+        batching_workers: int = 0,
+        batching_strategy: BatchingStrategy = BatchingStrategy.NORMAL,
+        pin_memory: bool = True,
+        drop_last: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.dataset = dataset
+        self.renderer = renderer
+
+        self.micro_batch_size = micro_batch_size
+        self.global_batch_size = global_batch_size
+        self.cutoff_len = cutoff_len
+        self.batching_workers = batching_workers
+        self.batching_strategy = batching_strategy
+        self.pin_memory = pin_memory
+        self.drop_last = drop_last
+        # TODO: support length and infinity
+        dp_size = DistributedInterface().get_world_size(Dim.DP)
+
+        if self.global_batch_size is None:
+            self.global_batch_size = dp_size * micro_batch_size
+            self.num_micro_batch = 1
+        elif self.global_batch_size % (dp_size * micro_batch_size) == 0:
+            self.num_micro_batch = global_batch_size // dp_size // micro_batch_size
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Global batch size must be divisible by DP size and micro batch size. "
+                f"Got {global_batch_size} % ({dp_size} * {micro_batch_size}) != 0."
+            )
+
+        if not self.drop_last:
+            raise ValueError("Drop last must be True.")
+
+        self._init_data_provider()
+
+        self._is_resuming: bool = False
+        self._data_iter = iter(self._data_provider)
+        self._buffer = StatefulBuffer()
+
+        self._batch_info: BatchInfo = {
+            "micro_batch_size": self.micro_batch_size,
+            "num_micro_batch": self.num_micro_batch,
+            "cutoff_len": self.cutoff_len,
+            "data_iter": self._data_iter,
+        }
+
+        logger.info_rank0(
+            f"Init unified data loader with global batch size {self.global_batch_size}, "
+            f"micro batch size {self.micro_batch_size}, "
+            f"num micro batch {self.num_micro_batch}, "
+            f"cutoff len {self.cutoff_len}, "
+            f"batching workers {self.batching_workers}, "
+            f"batching strategy {self.batching_strategy}."
+        )
+
+    def _init_data_provider(self) -> None:
+        if len(self.dataset) != -1:
+            sampler = StatefulDistributedSampler(
+                self.dataset,
+                num_replicas=DistributedInterface().get_world_size(Dim.DP),
+                rank=DistributedInterface().get_rank(Dim.DP),
+                shuffle=True,
+                seed=0,
+                drop_last=self.drop_last,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Iterable dataset is not supported yet.")
+
+        self._data_provider = StatefulDataLoader(
+            self.dataset,
+            batch_size=self.micro_batch_size * self.num_micro_batch,
+            sampler=sampler,
+            num_workers=self.batching_workers,
+            collate_fn=self.renderer.process_samples,
+            pin_memory=self.pin_memory,
+            pin_memory_device=DistributedInterface().current_device.type,
+            drop_last=self.drop_last,
+        )
+        if self.batching_strategy == BatchingStrategy.NORMAL:
+            self._length = len(self._data_provider)
+        else:
+            from ...plugins.trainer_plugins.batching import BatchingPlugin
+
+            self._length = BatchingPlugin(self.batching_strategy).compute_length(self._data_provider)
+            raise NotImplementedError("Batching strategy other than NORMAL is not supported yet.")
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return self._length
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if not self._is_resuming:
+            self._buffer.clear()
+            self._buffer_tokens = 0
+
+        self._data_iter = iter(self._data_provider)
+        self._is_resuming = False
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        self._fill_buffer()
+        batch = self._generate_batch()
+        if batch is None:
+            raise StopIteration
+
+        return batch
+
+    def _fill_buffer(self) -> None:
+        if self.batching_strategy == BatchingStrategy.NORMAL:
+            while len(self._buffer) < self.micro_batch_size * self.num_micro_batch:
+                try:
+                    samples: list[ModelInput] = next(self._data_iter)
+                except StopIteration:
+                    break
+
+                self._buffer.put(samples)
+        else:
+            from ...plugins.trainer_plugins.batching import BatchingPlugin
+
+            BatchingPlugin(self.batching_strategy).fill_buffer(self._buffer, self._batch_info)
+
+    def _generate_batch(self) -> list[BatchInput] | None:
+        if self.batching_strategy == BatchingStrategy.NORMAL:
+            return default_collate_fn(self._buffer, self._batch_info)
+        else:
+            from ...plugins.trainer_plugins.batching import BatchingPlugin
+
+            return BatchingPlugin(self.batching_strategy).generate_batch(self._buffer, self._batch_info)
+
+    def state_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "buffer": self._buffer,
+            "buffer_tokens": self._buffer_tokens,
+            "data_provider": self._data_provider.state_dict(),
+        }
+
+    def load_state_dict(self, state: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        self._buffer = state["buffer"]
+        self._buffer_tokens = state["buffer_tokens"]
+        self._data_provider.load_state_dict(state["data_provider"])
+        self._is_resuming = True
+
+    def set_epoch(self, epoch: int) -> None:
+        if hasattr(self._data_provider.sampler, "set_epoch"):
+            self._data_provider.sampler.set_epoch(epoch)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    """
+    python -m llamafactory.v1.core.utils.batching \
+        --model llamafactory/tiny-random-qwen2.5 \
+        --train_dataset data/v1_sft_demo.yaml \
+        --micro_batch_size 2 \
+        --global_batch_size 4 \
+        --batching_workers 0
+    """
+    from ...config.arg_parser import get_args
+    from ..data_engine import DataEngine
+    from ..model_engine import ModelEngine
+
+    model_args, data_args, training_args, _ = get_args()
+    data_engine = DataEngine(data_args.train_dataset)
+    model_engine = ModelEngine(model_args=model_args)
+    batch_generator = BatchGenerator(
+        data_engine,
+        model_engine.renderer,
+        micro_batch_size=training_args.micro_batch_size,
+        global_batch_size=training_args.global_batch_size,
+        cutoff_len=training_args.cutoff_len,
+        batching_workers=training_args.batching_workers,
+        batching_strategy=training_args.batching_strategy,
+    )
+    for batch in batch_generator:
+        print(batch)
+        print(len(batch))
+        print(batch[0]["input_ids"].shape)
+        break

src/llamafactory/v1/core/utils/inference_engine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+from threading import Thread
+
+import torch
+from transformers import AsyncTextIteratorStreamer
+
+from ...accelerator.interface import DistributedInterface
+from ...config import ModelArguments, SampleArguments
+from ...utils.helper import get_tokenizer
+from ...utils.types import HFModel, Message, Sample, TorchDataset
+from .rendering import Renderer
+
+
+class BaseEngine(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        args: SampleArguments,
+        model_args: ModelArguments,
+        model: HFModel,
+        renderer: Renderer,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initialize the engine.
+
+        Args:
+            args: Sample arguments.
+            model_args: Model arguments.
+            model: Model.
+            renderer: Renderer.
+        """
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def generate(self, messages: list[Message], tools: str | None = None) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
+        """Generate tokens asynchronously.
+
+        Args:
+            messages: List of messages.
+            tools: Tools string.
+
+        Yields:
+            Generated tokens.
+        """
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def batch_infer(self, dataset: TorchDataset) -> list[Sample]:
+        """Batch infer samples.
+
+        Args:
+            dataset: Torch dataset.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of samples.
+        """
+        ...
+
+
+class HuggingFaceEngine(BaseEngine):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        args: SampleArguments,
+        model_args: ModelArguments,
+        model: HFModel,
+        renderer: Renderer,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.args = args
+        self.model_args = model_args
+        self.model = model
+        self.renderer = renderer
+        self.semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(int(os.getenv("MAX_CONCURRENT", "1")))
+
+    @torch.inference_mode()
+    async def generate(self, messages: list[Message], tools: str | None = None) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
+        async with self.semaphore:
+            model_inputs = self.renderer.render_messages(messages, tools, is_generate=True)
+            streamer = AsyncTextIteratorStreamer(
+                tokenizer=get_tokenizer(self.renderer.processor),
+                skip_prompt=True,
+                skip_special_tokens=True,  # TODO: configurable
+            )
+            device = DistributedInterface().current_device
+            kwargs = {
+                "input_ids": torch.tensor([model_inputs["input_ids"]]).to(device),
+                "attention_mask": torch.tensor([model_inputs["attention_mask"]]).to(device),
+                "max_new_tokens": self.args.max_new_tokens,
+                "streamer": streamer,
+            }
+            thread = Thread(target=self.model.generate, kwargs=kwargs, daemon=True)
+            thread.start()
+
+            async for token in streamer:
+                yield token
+
+    async def batch_infer(self, dataset: TorchDataset) -> list[Sample]:
+        """Batch infer samples.
+
+        Args:
+            dataset: Torch dataset.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of samples.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Batch infer is not implemented.")

src/llamafactory/v1/core/utils/rendering.py

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Rendering utils.
+
+How to use:
+renderer = Renderer(template, processor)
+renderer.render_messages(messages: list[Message], tools: str | None) -> ModelInputs
+renderer.parse_message(text: str) -> Message
+renderer.process_samples(samples: list[Sample]) -> list[ModelInput]
+"""
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from ...utils.constants import IGNORE_INDEX
+from ...utils.helper import get_tokenizer
+from ...utils.types import Message, ModelInput, Processor, Sample
+
+
+def render_chatml_messages(
+    processor: Processor,
+    messages: list[Message],
+    tools: str | None = None,
+    is_generate: bool = False,
+) -> ModelInput:
+    """Apply chatml template to messages and convert them to model input.
+
+    See https://huggingface.co/spaces/huggingfacejs/chat-template-playground?modelId=Qwen/Qwen2-7B-Instruct
+    """
+    tokenizer = get_tokenizer(processor)
+    input_ids, labels, loss_weights = [], [], []
+
+    for message in messages:
+        temp_str = "<|im_start|>" + message["role"] + "\n"
+        for content in message["content"]:
+            if content["type"] == "text":
+                temp_str += content["value"]
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unsupported content type: {content['type']}")
+
+        temp_str += "<|im_end|>\n"
+        temp_weight = message.get("loss_weight", 1.0 if message["role"] == "assistant" else 0.0)
+        temp_ids = tokenizer.encode(temp_str, add_special_tokens=False)
+        input_ids.extend(temp_ids)
+        loss_weights.extend([temp_weight] * len(temp_ids))
+        if temp_weight > 1e-6:
+            labels.extend(temp_ids)
+        else:
+            labels.extend([IGNORE_INDEX] * len(temp_ids))
+
+    if is_generate:
+        temp_ids = tokenizer.encode("<|im_start|>assistant\n", add_special_tokens=False)
+        input_ids.extend(temp_ids)
+        loss_weights.extend([0.0] * len(temp_ids))
+        labels.extend([IGNORE_INDEX] * len(temp_ids))
+
+    return ModelInput(
+        input_ids=input_ids,
+        attention_mask=[1] * len(input_ids),
+        labels=labels,
+        loss_weights=loss_weights,
+    )
+
+
+def parse_chatml_message(generated_text: str) -> Message:
+    """Parse a message in ChatML format.
+
+    Args:
+        generated_text (str): The generated text in ChatML format.
+
+    Returns:
+        Message: The parsed message.
+    """
+    return Message(role="assistant", content=[{"type": "text", "value": generated_text}])
+
+
+class Renderer:
+    def __init__(self, template: str, processor: Processor):
+        self.template = template
+        self.processor = processor
+
+    def render_messages(
+        self, messages: list[Message], tools: str | None = None, is_generate: bool = False
+    ) -> ModelInput:
+        """Apply template to messages and convert them to model input.
+
+        Args:
+            messages (list[Message]): The messages to render.
+            tools (str | None, optional): The tools to use. Defaults to None.
+            is_generate (bool, optional): Whether to render for generation. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            ModelInput: The rendered model input.
+        """
+        if self.template == "chatml":
+            return render_chatml_messages(self.processor, messages, tools, is_generate)
+        else:
+            from ...plugins.model_plugins.rendering import RenderingPlugin
+
+            return RenderingPlugin(self.template).render_messages(self.processor, messages, tools, is_generate)
+
+    def parse_message(self, generated_text: str) -> Message:
+        """Parse a message in the template format.
+
+        Args:
+            generated_text (str): The generated text in the template format.
+
+        Returns:
+            Message: The parsed message.
+        """
+        if self.template == "chatml":
+            return parse_chatml_message(generated_text)
+        else:
+            from ...plugins.model_plugins.rendering import RenderingPlugin
+
+            return RenderingPlugin(self.template).parse_message(generated_text)
+
+    def process_samples(self, samples: list[Sample]) -> list[ModelInput]:
+        """Process samples to model input.
+
+        Args:
+            samples (list[Sample]): The samples to process.
+
+        Returns:
+            list[ModelInput]: The processed model inputs.
+        """
+        model_inputs = []
+        for sample in samples:
+            if "messages" in sample:
+                model_input = self.render_messages(sample["messages"], sample.get("tools"))
+            elif "chosen_messages" in sample and "rejected_messages" in sample:
+                chosen_input = self.render_messages(sample["chosen_messages"], sample.get("tools"))
+                rejected_input = self.render_messages(sample["rejected_messages"], sample.get("tools"))
+                chosen_input["token_type_ids"] = [1] * len(chosen_input["input_ids"])
+                rejected_input["token_type_ids"] = [2] * len(rejected_input["input_ids"])
+                model_input = ModelInput(
+                    input_ids=chosen_input["input_ids"] + rejected_input["input_ids"],
+                    attention_mask=chosen_input["attention_mask"] + rejected_input["attention_mask"],
+                    labels=chosen_input["labels"] + rejected_input["labels"],
+                    loss_weights=chosen_input["loss_weights"] + rejected_input["loss_weights"],
+                    token_type_ids=chosen_input["token_type_ids"] + rejected_input["token_type_ids"],
+                )
+                if "position_ids" in chosen_input:
+                    model_input["position_ids"] = np.concatenate(
+                        [chosen_input["position_ids"], rejected_input["position_ids"]], axis=-1
+                    )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("No valid messages or chosen_messages/rejected_messages found in sample.")
+
+            if "extra_info" in sample:
+                model_input["extra_info"] = sample["extra_info"]
+
+            if "_dataset_name" in sample:
+                model_input["_dataset_name"] = sample["_dataset_name"]
+
+            model_inputs.append(model_input)
+
+        return model_inputs

src/llamafactory/v1/launcher.py

@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import os
+import subprocess
 import sys
-
+from copy import deepcopy
-from ..extras.env import VERSION, print_env
 
 
 USAGE = (
@@ -27,40 +28,152 @@ USAGE = (
     + "-" * 70
 )
 
-
+_DIST_TRAIN_COMMANDS = ("train", "sft", "dpo", "rm")
-WELCOME = (
-    "-" * 58
-    + "\n"
-    + f"| Welcome to LLaMA Factory, version {VERSION}"
-    + " " * (21 - len(VERSION))
-    + "|\n|"
-    + " " * 56
-    + "|\n"
-    + "| Project page: https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory |\n"
-    + "-" * 58
-)
 
 
 def launch():
+    from .accelerator.helper import get_device_count
+    from .utils.env import find_available_port, is_env_enabled, use_kt, use_ray
+    from .utils.logging import get_logger
+
+    logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+    # NOTE:
+    # `llamafactory-cli <command> ...` enters here first.
+    # We may re-launch via `torchrun` for distributed training. In that case we must
+    # forward `<command>` as argv[1] to the re-executed script, otherwise the script
+    # will misinterpret the first user argument (e.g. yaml config) as the command.
     command = sys.argv.pop(1) if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "help"
 
-    if command == "sft":  # train command will fallback to sft command
+    if command in _DIST_TRAIN_COMMANDS and (
-        from .trainers.sft_trainer import run_sft
+        is_env_enabled("FORCE_TORCHRUN") or (get_device_count() > 1 and not use_ray() and not use_kt())
+    ):
+        nnodes = os.getenv("NNODES", "1")
+        node_rank = os.getenv("NODE_RANK", "0")
+        nproc_per_node = os.getenv("NPROC_PER_NODE", str(get_device_count()))
+        master_addr = os.getenv("MASTER_ADDR", "127.0.0.1")
+        master_port = os.getenv("MASTER_PORT", str(find_available_port()))
+        logger.info_rank0(f"Initializing {nproc_per_node} distributed tasks at: {master_addr}:{master_port}")
+        if int(nnodes) > 1:
+            logger.info_rank0(f"Multi-node training enabled: num nodes: {nnodes}, node rank: {node_rank}")
 
-        run_sft()
+        # elastic launch support
+        max_restarts = os.getenv("MAX_RESTARTS", "0")
+        rdzv_id = os.getenv("RDZV_ID")
+        min_nnodes = os.getenv("MIN_NNODES")
+        max_nnodes = os.getenv("MAX_NNODES")
+
+        env = deepcopy(os.environ)
+        if is_env_enabled("OPTIM_TORCH", "1"):
+            # optimize DDP, see https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/671834539
+            env["PYTORCH_CUDA_ALLOC_CONF"] = "expandable_segments:True"
+            env["TORCH_NCCL_AVOID_RECORD_STREAMS"] = "1"
+
+        torchrun_args = [
+            "torchrun",
+            "--nproc-per-node",
+            nproc_per_node,
+        ]
+        if rdzv_id is not None:
+            # launch elastic job with fault tolerant support when possible
+            # see also https://docs.pytorch.org/docs/stable/elastic/train_script.html
+            rdzv_nnodes = nnodes
+            # elastic number of nodes if MIN_NNODES and MAX_NNODES are set
+            if min_nnodes is not None and max_nnodes is not None:
+                rdzv_nnodes = f"{min_nnodes}:{max_nnodes}"
+
+            torchrun_args.extend(
+                [
+                    "--nnodes",
+                    rdzv_nnodes,
+                    "--rdzv-id",
+                    rdzv_id,
+                    "--rdzv-backend",
+                    "c10d",
+                    "--rdzv-endpoint",
+                    f"{master_addr}:{master_port}",
+                    "--max-restarts",
+                    max_restarts,
+                ]
+            )
+        else:
+            # NOTE: DO NOT USE shell=True to avoid security risk
+            torchrun_args.extend(
+                [
+                    "--nnodes",
+                    nnodes,
+                    "--node_rank",
+                    node_rank,
+                    "--master_addr",
+                    master_addr,
+                    "--master_port",
+                    master_port,
+                ]
+            )
+
+        script_args = [__file__, command] + sys.argv[1:]
+        process = subprocess.run(
+            torchrun_args + script_args,
+            env=env,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+        sys.exit(process.returncode)
+
+    elif command == "chat":
+        from .samplers.cli_sampler import run_chat
+
+        run_chat()
 
     elif command == "env":
-        print_env()
+        raise NotImplementedError("Environment information is not implemented yet.")
 
     elif command == "version":
-        print(WELCOME)
+        raise NotImplementedError("Version information is not implemented yet.")
 
     elif command == "help":
         print(USAGE)
 
+    elif command in _DIST_TRAIN_COMMANDS:
+        # Single GPU training without torchrun
+        if command in ("train", "sft"):
+            from llamafactory.v1.trainers.sft_trainer import run_sft
+
+            run_sft()
+        elif command == "dpo":
+            raise NotImplementedError("DPO trainer is not implemented yet.")
+        elif command == "rm":
+            raise NotImplementedError("RM trainer is not implemented yet.")
+
     else:
         print(f"Unknown command: {command}.\n{USAGE}")
 
 
+def main():
+    # sys.argv[1] contains the command (sft/dpo/rm/train), sys.argv[2:] contains the rest args
+    command = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "sft"
+
+    # Routing needs the sub-command, but downstream trainers usually expect argv without it.
+    if command in _DIST_TRAIN_COMMANDS:
+        sys.argv.pop(1)
+    else:
+        # Backward-compat: if someone runs `torchrun launcher.py config.yaml`,
+        # treat it as sft by default.
+        if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1].endswith((".yaml", ".yml")):
+            command = "sft"
+    if command in ("train", "sft"):
+        from llamafactory.v1.trainers.sft_trainer import run_sft
+
+        run_sft()
+    elif command == "dpo":
+        # from llamafactory.v1.trainers.dpo_trainer import run_dpo
+        # run_dpo()
+        raise NotImplementedError("DPO trainer is not implemented yet.")
+    elif command == "rm":
+        # from llamafactory.v1.trainers.rm_trainer import run_rm
+        # run_rm()
+        raise NotImplementedError("RM trainer is not implemented yet.")
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    pass
+    main()

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/data_plugins/converter.py

@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 
+import json
 from typing import Any, Literal, NotRequired, TypedDict
 
 from ...utils import logging
 from ...utils.plugin import BasePlugin
-from ...utils.types import DPOSample, Sample, SFTSample
+from ...utils.types import DPOSample, Sample, SFTSample, ToolCall
 
 
 logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
@@ -31,7 +32,8 @@ class AlpacaSample(TypedDict, total=False):
 
 
 SharegptMessage = TypedDict(
-    "SharegptMessage", {"from": Literal["human", "gpt", "system", "function_call", "observation"], "value": str}
+    "SharegptMessage",
+    {"from": Literal["human", "gpt", "system", "function_call", "observation"], "value": str},
 )
 
 
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ class DataConverterPlugin(BasePlugin):
         return super().__call__(raw_sample)
 
 
-@DataConverterPlugin("alpaca").register
+@DataConverterPlugin("alpaca").register()
 def alpaca_converter(raw_sample: AlpacaSample) -> SFTSample:
     """Convert Alpaca sample to SFT sample.
 
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ def alpaca_converter(raw_sample: AlpacaSample) -> SFTSample:
     return {"messages": messages}
 
 
-@DataConverterPlugin("sharegpt").register
+@DataConverterPlugin("sharegpt").register()
 def sharegpt_converter(raw_sample: SharegptSample) -> SFTSample:
     """Convert ShareGPT sample to SFT sample.
 
@@ -117,18 +119,26 @@ def sharegpt_converter(raw_sample: SharegptSample) -> SFTSample:
         "observation": "tool",
         "function_call": "assistant",
     }
+    sample = {}
     messages = []
-    tools = raw_sample.get("tools", "")
-
     for message in raw_sample.get("conversations", []):
         tag = message["from"]
         if tag not in tag_mapping:
             logger.warning_rank0(f"Unsupported role tag {tag} in message: {message}")
         elif tag == "function_call":
+            try:
+                tool_calls: ToolCall | list[ToolCall] = json.loads(message["value"])
+            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                logger.warning_rank0(f"Invalid tool call format: {str(message['value'])}")
+                continue
+
+            if not isinstance(tool_calls, list):
+                tool_calls = [tool_calls]
+
             messages.append(
                 {
                     "role": "assistant",
-                    "content": [{"type": "tool_calls", "value": message["value"]}],
+                    "content": [{"type": "tool_call", "value": json.dumps(tool_call)} for tool_call in tool_calls],
                     "loss_weight": 1.0,
                 }
             )
@@ -141,16 +151,20 @@ def sharegpt_converter(raw_sample: SharegptSample) -> SFTSample:
                 }
             )
 
+    sample["messages"] = messages
+
+    tools = raw_sample.get("tools")
     if tools:
-        if messages and messages[0]["role"] == "system":
+        try:
-            messages[0]["content"].append({"type": "tools", "value": tools})
+            tools: list[dict[str, Any]] = json.loads(tools)
-        else:
+            sample["tools"] = json.dumps(tools)
-            messages.insert(0, {"role": "system", "content": [{"type": "tools", "value": tools}], "loss_weight": 0.0})
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            logger.warning_rank0(f"Invalid tools format: {str(tools)}")
 
-    return {"messages": messages}
+    return sample
 
 
-@DataConverterPlugin("pair").register
+@DataConverterPlugin("pair").register()
 def pair_converter(raw_sample: PairSample) -> DPOSample:
     """Convert Pair sample to DPO sample.
 
@@ -166,17 +180,44 @@ def pair_converter(raw_sample: PairSample) -> DPOSample:
     def process_message(raw_messages: list[OpenaiMessage]):
         messages = []
         for message in raw_messages:
-            messages.append(
+            if message["role"] == "tool":
-                {
+                try:
-                    "role": message["role"],
+                    tool_calls: ToolCall | list[ToolCall] = json.loads(message["content"])
-                    "content": [{"type": "text", "value": message["content"]}],
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
-                    "loss_weight": 1.0 if message["role"] == "assistant" else 0.0,
+                    logger.warning_rank0(f"Invalid tool call format: {str(message['content'])}")
-                }
+                    continue
-            )
+
+                if not isinstance(tool_calls, list):
+                    tool_calls = [tool_calls]
+
+                messages.append(
+                    {
+                        "role": message["role"],
+                        "content": [{"type": "tool_call", "value": json.dumps(tool_call)} for tool_call in tool_calls],
+                        "loss_weight": 1.0 if message["role"] == "assistant" else 0.0,
+                    }
+                )
+            else:
+                messages.append(
+                    {
+                        "role": message["role"],
+                        "content": [{"type": "text", "value": message["content"]}],
+                        "loss_weight": 1.0 if message["role"] == "assistant" else 0.0,
+                    }
+                )
 
         return messages
 
-    chosen_messages = process_message(raw_sample.get("chosen", []))
+    sample = {}
-    rejected_messages = process_message(raw_sample.get("rejected", []))
+    sample["chosen_messages"] = process_message(raw_sample.get("chosen", []))
+    sample["rejected_messages"] = process_message(raw_sample.get("rejected", []))
 
-    return {"chosen_messages": chosen_messages, "rejected_messages": rejected_messages}
+    tools = raw_sample.get("tools")
+    if tools:
+        try:
+            tools: list[dict[str, Any]] = json.loads(tools)
+            sample["tools"] = json.dumps(tools)
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            logger.warning_rank0(f"Invalid tools format: {str(tools)}")
+
+    return sample

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/data_plugins/loader.py

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def _get_builder_name(path: str) -> Literal["arrow", "csv", "json", "parquet", "
         raise ValueError(f"Unknown dataset filetype: {filetype}.")
 
 
-@DataLoaderPlugin("local").register
+@DataLoaderPlugin("local").register()
 def load_data_from_file(filepath: str, split: str, streaming: bool) -> HFDataset:
     if os.path.isdir(filepath):
         filetype = _get_builder_name(os.listdir(filepath)[0])
@@ -66,49 +66,43 @@ def load_data_from_file(filepath: str, split: str, streaming: bool) -> HFDataset
     return dataset
 
 
-class DataIndexPlugin(BasePlugin):
+def adjust_data_index(
-    """Plugin for adjusting dataset index."""
+    data_index: list[tuple[str, int]], size: int | None, weight: float | None
+) -> list[tuple[str, int]]:
+    """Adjust dataset index by size and weight.
 
-    def adjust_data_index(
+    Args:
-        self, data_index: list[tuple[str, int]], size: int | None, weight: float | None
+        data_index (list[tuple[str, int]]): List of (dataset_name, sample_index).
-    ) -> list[tuple[str, int]]:
+        size (Optional[int]): Desired dataset size.
-        """Adjust dataset index by size and weight.
+        weight (Optional[float]): Desired dataset weight.
 
-        Args:
+    Returns:
-            data_index (list[tuple[str, int]]): List of (dataset_name, sample_index).
+        list[tuple[str, int]]: Adjusted dataset index.
-            size (Optional[int]): Desired dataset size.
+    """
-            weight (Optional[float]): Desired dataset weight.
+    if size is not None:
+        data_index = random.choices(data_index, k=size)
 
-        Returns:
+    if weight is not None:
-            list[tuple[str, int]]: Adjusted dataset index.
+        data_index = random.choices(data_index, k=int(len(data_index) * weight))
-        """
-        if size is not None:
-            data_index = random.choices(data_index, k=size)
 
-        if weight is not None:
+    return data_index
-            data_index = random.choices(data_index, k=int(len(data_index) * weight))
-
-        return data_index
 
 
-class DataSelectorPlugin(BasePlugin):
+def select_data_sample(
-    """Plugin for selecting dataset samples."""
+    data_index: list[tuple[str, int]], index: slice | list[int] | Any
+) -> tuple[str, int] | list[tuple[str, int]]:
+    """Select dataset samples.
 
-    def select(
+    Args:
-        self, data_index: list[tuple[str, int]], index: slice | list[int] | Any
+        data_index (list[tuple[str, int]]): List of (dataset_name, sample_index).
-    ) -> tuple[str, int] | list[tuple[str, int]]:
+        index (Union[slice, list[int], Any]): Index of dataset samples.
-        """Select dataset samples.
 
-        Args:
+    Returns:
-            data_index (list[tuple[str, int]]): List of (dataset_name, sample_index).
+        Union[tuple[str, int], list[tuple[str, int]]]: Selected dataset samples.
-            index (Union[slice, list[int], Any]): Index of dataset samples.
+    """
-
+    if isinstance(index, slice):
-        Returns:
+        return [data_index[i] for i in range(*index.indices(len(data_index)))]
-            Union[tuple[str, int], list[tuple[str, int]]]: Selected dataset samples.
+    elif isinstance(index, list):
-        """
+        return [data_index[i] for i in index]
-        if isinstance(index, slice):
+    else:
-            return [data_index[i] for i in range(*index.indices(len(data_index)))]
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid index type {type(index)}.")
-        elif isinstance(index, list):
-            return [data_index[i] for i in index]
-        else:
-            raise ValueError(f"Invalid index type {type(index)}.")

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/data_plugins/template.py

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-
-
-@dataclass
-class Template:
-    user_template: str
-    assistant_template: str
-    system_template: str
-
-    def render_message(self, message: dict[str, str]) -> str:
-        return self.user_template.format(**message)
-
-
-@dataclass
-class QwenTemplate:
-    message_template: str = "<|im_start|>{role}\n{content}<|im_end|>\n"  # FIXME if role: tool
-    thinking_template: str = "<think>\n{content}\n</think>\n\n"
-
-    def _extract_content(self, content_data: str | list[dict[str, str]]) -> str:
-        if isinstance(content_data, str):
-            return content_data.strip()
-
-        if isinstance(content_data, list):
-            parts = []
-            for item in content_data:
-                if item.get("type") == "text":
-                    parts.append(item.get("value", ""))
-                elif item.get("type") == "image_url":
-                    pass
-            return "\n".join(parts).strip()
-
-        return ""
-
-    def render_message(self, message: dict[str, str | list[dict[str, str]]]) -> str:
-        role = message["role"]
-        content = self._extract_content(message.get("content", ""))
-
-        if role == "assistant":
-            reasoning_content = message.get("reasoning_content", "")
-            if reasoning_content:
-                reasoning_content = self.thinking_template.format(content=str(reasoning_content).strip())
-            return self.message_template.format(role="assistant", content=reasoning_content + content)
-        else:
-            return self.message_template.format(role=role, content=content)
-
-    def encode_messages(self, tokenizer, messages: list[dict[str, str]], max_seq_len: int = 8192) -> any:
-        """Encode one message."""
-        input_ids, attention_mask, labels = [], [], []
-        for message in messages:
-            content_str = self.render_message(message)
-            content_ids = tokenizer.encode(content_str, add_special_tokens=False)
-            input_ids += content_ids
-            attention_mask += [1] * len(content_ids)
-
-            if hasattr(message, "loss_weight"):
-                loss_weight = message["loss_weight"]
-            else:
-                loss_weight = 1 if message["role"] == "assistant" else 0
-            if loss_weight == 1:
-                labels += content_ids
-            else:
-                labels += [-100] * len(content_ids)
-        model_inputs = {"input_ids": input_ids, "attention_mask": attention_mask, "labels": labels}
-        model_inputs.update({"position_ids": list(range(len(input_ids)))})
-        model_inputs = {k: v[-max_seq_len:] for k, v in model_inputs.items()}
-        return model_inputs
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-
-    def to_qwen3_messages(template: QwenTemplate, messages: list[dict]):
-        out = []
-        for m in messages:
-            role = m["role"]
-            content = template._extract_content(m.get("content", ""))
-            if role == "assistant":
-                reasoning = (m.get("reasoning_content") or "").strip()
-                if reasoning:
-                    content = template.thinking_template.format(content=reasoning) + content
-            out.append({"role": role, "content": content})
-        return out
-
-    from transformers import AutoTokenizer
-
-    tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
-        "Qwen/Qwen3-30B-A3B-Thinking-2507",
-        trust_remote_code=True,
-    )
-
-    test_messages = [
-        {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant."},
-        {
-            "role": "user",
-            "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "1+1等于几？"}, {"type": "text", "text": "2+2等于几？"}],
-        },
-        {
-            "role": "assistant",
-            "reasoning_content": "这是一个简单的数学问题。1加1的结果是2。",
-            "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "1+1=2"}, {"type": "text", "text": "2+2=4"}],
-        },
-    ]
-
-    template = QwenTemplate()
-    rendered_custom = "".join([template.render_message(m) for m in test_messages])
-
-    qwen3_messages = to_qwen3_messages(template, test_messages)
-    rendered_hf = tok.apply_chat_template(qwen3_messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=False)
-
-    print("==== custom ====")
-    print(rendered_custom)
-    print("==== hf ====")
-    print(rendered_hf)
-
-    assert rendered_custom.strip() == rendered_hf.strip(), "Rendered text mismatch"
-
-    ids_custom = tok.encode(rendered_custom, add_special_tokens=False)
-    ids_hf = tok.apply_chat_template(qwen3_messages, tokenize=True, add_generation_prompt=False)
-    assert ids_custom == ids_hf, f"Token ids mismatch: custom={len(ids_custom)} hf={len(ids_hf)}"

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/model_plugins/initialization.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2025 the LlamaFactory team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import torch
+
+from ...accelerator.helper import DeviceType
+from ...accelerator.interface import DistributedInterface
+from ...utils.plugin import BasePlugin
+
+
+class InitPlugin(BasePlugin):
+    def __call__(self) -> torch.device:
+        return super().__call__()
+
+
+@InitPlugin("init_on_meta").register()
+def init_on_meta() -> torch.device:
+    return torch.device(DeviceType.META.value)
+
+
+@InitPlugin("init_on_rank0").register()
+def init_on_rank0() -> torch.device:
+    if DistributedInterface().get_rank() == 0:
+        return torch.device(DeviceType.CPU.value)
+    else:
+        return torch.device(DeviceType.META.value)
+
+
+@InitPlugin("init_on_default").register()
+def init_on_default() -> torch.device:
+    return DistributedInterface().current_device

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/model_plugins/kernels/base.py

@@ -38,17 +38,17 @@ class BaseKernel(ABC):
 
     @classmethod
     def get_kernel_id(cls) -> str:
-        r"""Returns the unique identifier for the kernel."""
+        """Returns the unique identifier for the kernel."""
         return cls._kernel_id
 
     @classmethod
     def get_device(cls) -> str:
-        r"""Returns the device type associated with the kernel (e.g., "cuda", "npu", "cpu")."""
+        """Returns the device type associated with the kernel (e.g., "cuda", "npu", "cpu")."""
         return cls._device
 
     @classmethod
     def check_deps(cls) -> bool:
-        r"""Checks if the required dependencies for the kernel are available.
+        """Checks if the required dependencies for the kernel are available.
 
         Returns:
             bool: ``True`` if dependencies are met, ``False`` otherwise.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class BaseKernel(ABC):
     @classmethod
     @abstractmethod
     def apply(cls, **kwargs) -> HFModel:
-        r"""Applies the kernel optimization to the model.
+        """Applies the kernel optimization to the model.
 
         Args:
             **kwargs: Arbitrary keyword arguments, usually containing the model instance and the kernel configuration.

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/model_plugins/kernels/interface.py

@@ -24,16 +24,17 @@ Init Phase:
 import importlib
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from ....utils.logging import get_logger
+from ....utils import logging
 from ....utils.plugin import BasePlugin
+from ....utils.types import HFModel
 from .registry import Registry
 
 
-logger = get_logger(__name__)
+logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 def scan_all_kernels():
-    r"""Scan all kernels in the ``ops`` directory.
+    """Scan all kernels in the ``ops`` directory.
 
     Scans the ``ops`` directory for all ``.py`` files and attempts to import them.
     Importing triggers the :func:`~registry.register_kernel` decorator, which automatically registers the kernels.
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ default_kernels = scan_all_kernels()
 
 
 def get_default_kernels():
-    r"""Get a list of default registered kernel IDs.
+    """Get a list of default registered kernel IDs.
 
     Returns:
         list[str]: List of kernel IDs.
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ def get_default_kernels():
 
 
 def apply_kernel(kernel_id: str, **kwargs):
-    r"""Applies a specific kernel to the model.
+    """Applies a specific kernel to the model.
 
     Args:
         kernel_id (str): The ID of the kernel to apply.
@@ -99,34 +100,41 @@ def apply_kernel(kernel_id: str, **kwargs):
     kernel = default_kernels.get(kernel_id)
     if kernel is None:
         raise ValueError(f"Kernel {kernel_id} not found")
+
     kernel.apply(**kwargs)
 
 
 class KernelPlugin(BasePlugin):
-    r"""Plugin for managing kernel optimizations."""
+    """Plugin for managing kernel optimizations."""
 
     pass
 
 
-@KernelPlugin("auto").register
+@KernelPlugin("auto").register()
-def apply_default_kernels(**kwargs):
+def apply_default_kernels(model: HFModel, include_kernels: str = None) -> HFModel:
-    r"""Applies all default registered kernels to the model.
+    """Applies all default registered kernels to the model.
 
     Args:
-        **kwargs: Keyword arguments passed to the kernel application function.
+        model (HFModel): The model instance to apply kernels to.
-                  Typically includes the model instance and the include_kernels configuration.
+        include_kernels (str, optional): Comma-separated list of kernel IDs to apply.
+                                         If "auto" or True, applies all default kernels.
+                                         If None or False, no kernels are applied.
+                                         Defaults to None.
 
     Returns:
         HFModel: The model with applied kernels.
     """
-    if not kwargs.get("include_kernels"):  # None/False/empty string
+    if not include_kernels:
-        return kwargs.get("model")
+        return model
-    elif kwargs.get("include_kernels") == "auto" or kwargs.get("include_kernels") is True:  # True/auto
+    elif include_kernels == "auto" or include_kernels is True:
         use_kernels = default_kernels.keys()
     else:
-        use_kernels = kwargs.get("include_kernels").split(",")  # "kernel_id1,kernel_id2,kernel_id3"
+        use_kernels = include_kernels.split(",")  # "kernel_id1,kernel_id2,kernel_id3"
+
     for kernel in use_kernels:
         if kernel not in default_kernels:
             raise ValueError(f"Kernel {kernel} not found")
-        apply_kernel(kernel, **kwargs)
+
-    return kwargs.get("model")
+        apply_kernel(kernel, model=model)
+
+    return model

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/model_plugins/kernels/ops/mlp/npu_fused_moe.py

@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ from ...registry import register_kernel
 
 
 class GmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
-    r"""Custom autograd function for NPU Grouped Matrix Multiplication (GMM)."""
+    """Custom autograd function for NPU Grouped Matrix Multiplication (GMM)."""
 
     @staticmethod
     def forward(ctx, x, weight, group_list):
-        r"""Performs the forward pass of Grouped Matrix Multiplication.
+        """Performs the forward pass of Grouped Matrix Multiplication.
 
         Args:
             ctx: Context object to save tensors for backward pass.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class GmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
 
     @staticmethod
     def backward(ctx, grad_output):
-        r"""Performs the backward pass of Grouped Matrix Multiplication.
+        """Performs the backward pass of Grouped Matrix Multiplication.
 
         Args:
             ctx: Context object containing saved tensors.
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ class GmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
 
 
 class HybridGmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
-    r"""Custom autograd function for Hybrid Grouped Matrix Multiplication on NPU."""
+    """Custom autograd function for Hybrid Grouped Matrix Multiplication on NPU."""
 
     @staticmethod
     def forward(ctx, num_experts, *args):
-        r"""Performs the forward pass of Hybrid GMM.
+        """Performs the forward pass of Hybrid GMM.
 
         Args:
             ctx: Context object to save tensors.
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class HybridGmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
 
     @staticmethod
     def backward(ctx, *grad_outputs):
-        r"""Performs the backward pass of Hybrid GMM.
+        """Performs the backward pass of Hybrid GMM.
 
         Args:
             ctx: Context object containing saved tensors.
@@ -176,13 +176,13 @@ class HybridGmmFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
 
 
 class NpuMoeFused:
-    r"""Container for NPU fused MoE forward functions."""
+    """Container for NPU fused MoE forward functions."""
 
     @staticmethod
     def npu_moe_experts_forward(
         self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, routing_weights: torch.Tensor, router_indices: torch.Tensor
     ) -> torch.Tensor:
-        r"""Forward pass for MoE experts using NPU fused operations.
+        """Forward pass for MoE experts using NPU fused operations.
 
         Args:
             self: The MoE layer instance.
@@ -230,11 +230,11 @@ class NpuMoeFused:
 
 
 class Qwen3NpuMoeFused:
-    r"""Container for Qwen3 NPU fused MoE forward functions."""
+    """Container for Qwen3 NPU fused MoE forward functions."""
 
     @staticmethod
     def qwen3moe_sparse_moe_block_forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor):
-        r"""Forward pass for Qwen3 sparse MoE block using NPU fused operations.
+        """Forward pass for Qwen3 sparse MoE block using NPU fused operations.
 
         Args:
             self: The Qwen3 MoE block instance.
@@ -298,14 +298,14 @@ if not is_transformers_version_greater_than("5.0.0"):
 
 @register_kernel
 class NpuFusedMoEKernel(BaseKernel):
-    r"""NPU Fused MoE Kernel implementation."""
+    """NPU Fused MoE Kernel implementation."""
 
     _kernel_id = "npu_fused_moe"
     _device = DeviceType.NPU
 
     @classmethod
     def apply(cls, **kwargs) -> HFModel:
-        r"""Applies the NPU fused MoE kernel to the model.
+        """Applies the NPU fused MoE kernel to the model.
 
         Args:
             **kwargs: Keyword arguments containing the model.
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ class NpuFusedMoEKernel(BaseKernel):
         if not cls.check_deps():
             raise RuntimeError("torch_npu is not available but NpuMoEFusedMoEKernel was called.")
 
-        archs = getattr(model.config, "architectures", [])
+        archs = getattr(model.config, "architectures", None) or []
         target_moe_mapping = None
         for arch in archs:
             if arch in kernel_moe_mapping:
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@ class NpuFusedMoEKernel(BaseKernel):
 
         if target_moe_mapping is None:
             return model
+
         for module in model.modules():
             class_name = module.__class__.__name__
             if class_name in target_moe_mapping:

src/llamafactory/v1/plugins/model_plugins/kernels/ops/mlp/npu_swiglu.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 def npu_swiglu_forward(self, hidden_state):
-    r"""SwiGLU forward pass for NPU.
+    """SwiGLU forward pass for NPU.
 
     Args:
         self: The MLP layer instance.
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def npu_swiglu_forward(self, hidden_state):
 
 
 def _npu_swiglu_glm4_forward(self, hidden_states):
-    r"""SwiGLU forward pass for GLM4 on NPU.
+    """SwiGLU forward pass for GLM4 on NPU.
 
     Args:
         self: The GLM4 MLP layer instance.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def _npu_swiglu_glm4_forward(self, hidden_states):
 
 
 def _npu_swiglu_gemma3ntext_forward(self, hidden_states):
-    r"""SwiGLU forward pass for Gemma3nText on NPU.
+    """SwiGLU forward pass for Gemma3nText on NPU.
 
     Args:
         self: The Gemma3nText MLP layer instance.
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def _npu_swiglu_gemma3ntext_forward(self, hidden_states):
 
 @register_kernel
 class NpuSwiGluKernel(BaseKernel):
-    r"""NPU Kernel for fused SwiGLU activation."""
+    """NPU Kernel for fused SwiGLU activation."""
 
     # just support apply to the following module layers
     expect_modules = frozenset(
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class NpuSwiGluKernel(BaseKernel):
 
     @classmethod
     def apply(cls, **kwargs) -> "HFModel":
-        r"""Applies the NPU fused SwiGLU kernel to the model.
+        """Applies the NPU fused SwiGLU kernel to the model.
 
         Args:
             **kwargs: Keyword arguments containing the model.